• concept of chiaroscuro in the form of tenebrism

Tenebrism, like chiaroscuro, is all about how lights and darks are used. Whereas chiaroscuro
is used to produce a sense of depth, three-dimensionality, and realistic texture, tenebrism is the
utilization of a strong contrast of light and dark in a composition for dramatic impact. It's also
referred to as the "spotlight effect," and it nearly always has a stark, black backdrop with the
foreground, or at least portion of it, brightly lighted.

• Genre painting, sight/show (a) menu de gras

Painting depicting scenes from everyday life, of regular people at work or in amusement,
represented in an usually realistic style, is known as genre painting. Landscape, portraiture, still
life, religious themes, historic events, or any other typically romanticized subject matter are
examples of genre painting. Genre art nearly always depicts intimate moments from everyday
life. The absence of inventive substance and idealization concentrates attention on the astute
observation of types, costumes, and surroundings.

• concept of third of may, harlot's progress, the swing, the great wave of kanazawa

Concept of third of may

Hundreds of Spaniards revolted on May 2, 1808. The French apprehended and killed these
Spanish independence fighters on May 3. Their blood practically flowed across Madrid's streets.
Even though Goya had previously expressed French sympathies, the killing of his people and
the horrors of war left a lasting mark on the artist. In paintings, he memorialized both days of
this heinous revolt. Although Goya's Second of May (above) is a tour de force of twisting bodies
and charging horses reminiscent of Leonardo's Battle of Anghiari, his The Third of May, 1808 in
Madrid is regarded as one of the great paintings of all time, and has even been referred to as
the world's first modern painting.

Harlot’s progress
A Harlot's Progress is a set of engravings (1732) and paintings (1731) by artist William
Hogarth that chronicles the narrative of Miss Hackabout, who travels to London and goes
through a difficult period.

When she arrives in London from the countryside, she meets an older woman. The elder
woman praises her attractiveness while giving her a job in the first plate of the series. The
second plate displays Moll as a kept mistress of two lovers, but her fortunes quickly change as
the third plate depicts her as a common prostitute rather than a kept mistress. Moll's life does
not seem to improve, and things seem to become worse as plate four depicts her beating her at
Bridewell Prison, followed by her untimely death from Syphilis in plate five. The series is finished
with the last plate, which depicts Moll's wake.

This was part of Hogarth's Modern Moral Series and was issued during a crackdown on
prostitution in London. Many of the plates portray London society at the period, and when Moll's
plunge into the abyss began, you can see the hopelessness of the company she kept, long after
she was gone. This series gives you time for reflection and respect for the little eccentricities in
Hogarth's work. The painting series was extremely popular, and only 1240 pieces were
produced. Because of the series' popularity and the restricted quantity of sets available, pirate
copies quickly appeared. Hogarth was aware of this and was able to persuade Parliament to
pass a law prohibiting it in 1735.

Because Hogarth was a qualified engraver, this was tremendously helpful to him and was
quite popular at the time. Engraving was done by scratching or incising the pattern onto metal
with a graver. The metal picture would then be inked and printed on separate sheets of paper.
William Innell Clement afterwards published Harlot's Progress in the pages of his periodical
Bell's Life in London #330 on June 22, 1828.

The Swing
The Swing, an oil painting by French artist Jean-Honoré Fragonard, was completed between
1767 and 1768. According to legend, a nobleman of the court asked the painter to depict his
lady being pushed on a swing as he covertly viewed her from below. While the persons in the
piece are not recognizable as portraits of specific individuals, their aristocratic rank is
highlighted by their lavish dress and leisurely activities.

Such fun and sensual situations were popular among Fragonard's affluent clients. Unlike
large-scale historical paintings or the popular portraiture and landscape genres, these works
were modest (81 x 64.2 cm in the case of The Swing) and designed for display in private spaces
known as cabinets. The client and his inner circle would have enjoyed the painting's
representation of society standards violated for the pursuit of personal pleasure when seeing it
in the solitude of such a location. The work's popularity prompted Nicolas Delaunay to publish a
printed version in 1782, which circulated among a larger, if still privileged, audience of
collectors.

Rococo objects are often categorized as Rococo art. Draw us in through a mixture of visual
humor, double entendre, and loaded symbols that reward close looking. These discoveries
provide us with mental exhilaration meant to rival the physical thrill of riders on a swing.

The Great wave of kanazawa

The Great Wave off Kanagawa is a well-known Japanese woodblock (1830). Katsushika
Hokusai created this work as part of a series representing Mount Fuji. Ocean waves were seen
to be protective to Japan in Japanese culture. Hokusai considered them as particularly
significant since they were the hero who would set them apart from the rest of the world.
Because of their practically impassable harsh waters, Japan was kept immune from foreign
invasion or influence.

However, in The Great Wave off Kanagawa, Hokusai challenges the conventional concept of
waves as a kind of protection. Instead, the gigantic wave looms over the country, possibly
symbolizing the foreign powers that threatened to overwhelm the island nation at the time. The
wave is greater than Mount Fuji, indicating that not even Japan's most iconic peak is immune to
the threat. Look attentively to see if you can spot the little fishing boats in the sea that are
attempting to battle it, but are also being taken over by it. Nothing is safe from what is about to
happen.

• real concept/context of romanticism

Romanticism, a literary movement that rejects the influence of the Church, tradition, and
science, stresses the value of human experience and interpretation of the universe. Three key
ideas in this movement are as follows: a belief that intuition, imagination, and emotion are
superior to rationality.

- what concerns the romantic era?

Romanticism represented a new way of thinking, a critical notion, and the creative effort
required to deal with the old methods of approaching experience. The Romantic era might be
seen as a foreshadowing of a time of crisis. Even before 1789, it was thought that the ancien
regime was on the verge of collapsing.

- depict them in the form of japanese painting