(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS DPP - 04 CLASS - 12 TOPIC - SOLVING OF DETERMINANTS USING PROPERTIES Q1_— Without expanding, show that the value of each of the following determinants is zero: 6 (ii) 2 =~ & jt a? be 23° 7 (iv) |; b? ac (ii) 13 17 5 15 20 12 4 a+b 2a+b 3a+6) Loa ay — be (v) 2a+b 3a+b 4a+d (ux) | 8 6 ac da+b Sa+b Ga+b 1 ¢ ce —ab| 49 1 6 zy (vii) 397 4 (viii) |-2 0 2 26 2 3 -: 0 o a2 9? 3? 2 1 43 6 2 3 2 st (ix) |7 35 4 (pp 3 @ 317 2 4? 5? 6? 7) 224 (wi) |a+2e b+2y c+2, a b e (22 42°8)? (27 — | (wii) |(37 +377)? (3 — 3-7)? 1 2 y Pa (47 44-7)? (47-477)? 1 sina cosa cos(a +6) sin?23° — sin?67?__cos180° (wiii) |sins cos cos(3+6)| (wiv) |—sin?67° —sin?23° cos?180° siny cosy cos(y+ 5) cos180° —sin?23°_—sin®67° cos(x+y) —sin(x+y) cos2y VB+V3 VE VE (ev) | sine cose siny (evi) |\Vi5+ V8 5 V0 cose sing —cosy SLvus “asd lsin?A cotA 1 \sin?B cotB 1 lsin?C cot 1 (wvii) |. where A,B,C are the angles of AABC(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS a b+e a Q2 ib c+a & cath = fe b ca © ab etA 2 2 ae | = 2ta & z 2 242A oe Q5 jc ab lb ca iii eo oird i iz Neat se ay y + then prove that A+ A,=0(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS DPP-04 CLASS - 12%" ‘TOPIC - SOLVING OF DETERMINANTS USING PROPERTIES Sol.1 (i) Given, 2g 12 3 4 16 4 3 8 2 7] let, A=/]12 3 5 16 4 3 Now by applying row operation Rs -> Ra ~ Ra, We get BeBe og ah=|i2 3 5 41 - Again apply row operation R2 -> Re - Ri, We get, As, Ro = Rs, therefore the value of the determinant is zero. (ii) Given, Giese Led =| 2 -1 2 10 5 2 6 -3 2 LetA=]2 -1 2 -10 5 2i ‘Taking (-2) common from: in above matrix we get, <3 -3 2 A= |-1 -1 2 5 5 2 As, Cx "2, hence the value of the determinants is zero.DETERMINANTS (MATHEMATICS) Given, ceca W317 5 15 20 121 Pa gai Let,A = |13 17 5 15 20 12 -> Ca Co, we get Now by applying column operation Cs-~ a2 Ff A= [13 17 5] 2 8 @ As, Ri = Rz, So value so determinant is Zero. (iv) Given, 1/a_ a? be| 1/b ac i/e cc? ab 1a a be Ifo bac Let. 1/e cab] Multiply Ri, Rz, and Rs with a,b,c respectively we get, 1 a? abe 1 b? abe 1 ¢* abel Now by taking, abc common from C2 gives, haf 4=f1 boa 1 ft As C1= Cs hence the value of determinant is zero. (v) Given, atb 2a+b 3a +b aat+b 3a +b 4a + bf a+b Satb 6a+d(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS a+b 2a+b 3a+b 2Zat+b 3a+b 4a +d 4at+b Sat+b 6a+b Let,A = Now by applying column operation C3 ~ at+b 2a+b a Za+b 3a+b a 4at+b Sa+b a re Again applying column operation Cs — —-> Ca Ci gives, atb aa 2at+b a al dat+b aa As, C2 = G3, So the values of the determinants is zero, (vi) Given, 1a a] [1 a be A= 1 b b{-]1 b ac 1 te iG 1 ¢ ab Applying Re > Ra ~ Ri and Rs -----> Rs ~ Rs, We get, fcc 2 ea be A= |0 b-a b?-a?/-]0 b-a (a-b)c| jo c-a ct-atl lo c~a @-oDl ‘Taking (b — a)(c- a) common from Re and Rs respectively, lai a 1 @ be A= (b-a)(c—a)]o 1 b+ al—(b—a)(c—a)lo 1 —c lo l c+a 0 1 -b! = [{b—a) (c-a}] [(e +a) -(b +a) (-b +l](MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS = [(b—a) (c—a)] [ct+a+b-a—b—c] = [(b-a) (c—a)] [0] =0 (vii) Given, 49 1 6 39 7 4 as 2 FD 49 1 6 39 7 4] 26 2 3 Let, Now by applying column operation, C1 -----> Ci ~8Cs We get 2 i 4 7 ot 4 22 3 hence, the determinants is zero. (viii) Given, z 0] xy Oo @ -2 0 Multiplying C1, C2 and C2 with z, y and x respectively we get, Oxy yx ——= & = -yz -2zy 0 Now, taking y, x and z. common from Ri, Re and Re gives, tle elo Applying C2-------> C2 C3 gives,(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS 1 i) x Xx (lz 2 2 xy'l-y -y ol Applying C2 - x x “22 -y 0 ‘As, Cs = Ca, therefore determinant is zero. (ix) Given, 1 43 6 7 35 4] 3 17 2 1 43 6 7 35 4] si 17 2 Let.A Appying C2 ----> C2 ~7Cs, We get 1 1 6 77 4 3 3 2 A As, C1 = C2, hence determinant is zero. (s) Given, Now we have to apply the column operation operation C3 ------> C3 ~ C2 and C4 then We get,(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS ec a=: = eae zg? v 5 15 22 7 21 OT ls 9 27] 4? 5° 11 33! 2 5 5 37 7 #9 9 Seta As, Cs = Ca so, the determinant is zero, (xi) Given, a b c Leta = |a+ 2x b+2y c+ 22 x y 2 a b c Leta = |a+ 2x b+ 2y c+ 2z| x y z Now by applying C2 —~--> C2 + Ci and Cs > Cs +C:, We get a b c 2a + 2x 2b + 2y 2c + 22 atx bty ctz A ‘Taking by applying Co -----> C2 #C1 and Ca-----> Ca +Ci, We get a b c a+ 2x 2b + 2y 2c + 22] atx bty ctz Taking 2 command from Rz We get, a b c A=2jat+x b+y ct+z atx b+ty c+ai As, R2 = R3, Hence value of determinant is zero.(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS (xii) Given, (28 42-92 (8-2 a+ 373)2 G*- 37)? (aaa? Gay? (Qs 42)? QOX-2H2 1 Let,A = |(3% + 3-*)? (3*-37*)? 1 (as 4 4-8)? (48 a2 ae a Bee 4 aes a ae Bae ot S28 5 2 OF 4h Sr ae ge 2 a 2 > C1 = Ca, We get By applying, Column operation C1 a 2k + eee 2 al Asie a*+a7*—2 1 4 a+ et 2 1 1 242 1 A 38 43 y 1 +4 at As Cl = C3 hence determinant is zero. (ili) Given, sina cosa cos(a + 8) sinB cosB cos(B + 8) siny cosy cos(y + 8) sina cosa cos(« + 8) sinB cosB cos(B + 8) siny cosy cos(y + 8) Multiplying C: with sin 8,C2 with Cos, We get Leta sinasin& cosacoss cos(a + 8) sinBsin8 cosBcosé cos(B + 8) sinysin& cosycoss cos(y + 8) sin6 cos6 Now, by applying column operation, C2 ----> C2 ~ Ci We get, lsinasiné cosacosé—sinesind cosa + 8)| sinsind cosBcosS—sinBsind cos(f + 8)| sinysind cosycosé—sinysiné cos(y + 8) As Cz = C3 hence determinant is zero. ~ sin6 cosé(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS (xiv) Given, sin? 23° -sin? 67° —sin? 23° cos180° sin? 23° sin? 23° sin?67° cos 180° sin? 67° —sin? 23° cos? 180° cos180° sin?23° sin? 67 Ci + Cz, We get sin? 23° + sin?67° sin?67° cos 180 sin? 67° sin? 23" —sin?23° cos? 18 cos 180° + sin*23° sin?23° sin? 67 Using, Sin (90 - A) = Cos A, sin? A + Cos? A =1 and Cosa 108° sin? 23° + cos? 23° sin?67° cos 180° (sin? 67° + cos?67*) sin? 23° cos? 18( cos 180 Let,a Applying Ci - 4 -(1 = sin? 23°) sin? 23° sin? 67’ 1 sin? 67 1 a=] -1 -sint23" 1 -cos?23° sin?23" cos*23 Taking (-1) Common from C1, We get -1 0 sin?67"— = A= 1 ~sin? 23° 1 lcos?23° sin?23° _cos?23° ‘Therefore, as C (xv) Given, cos(x + y) —sin(x + y) cos2y sinx cosx siny —cosx sinx —cosyl cos(x + y) —sin(x + y) cos2y sinx cosx siny —cosx sinx -cosyl 's determinant is zero, Leta Multiplying R2 with sin y and R3 with Cos y We get, cos(x + y) —sin(x + y) cos2y sinxsiny cosxsiny —sin?y -cosxcosy sinx?cosy —cos?y! siny co: Now, by applying row operation Re > Re +Rs, We get, costx + y) sings + y) cosy = sinxsiny~cosxcosy cosxsiny + sinxcosy sin*y ~ cos*y sinycosy | cosxcosy sinxcosy ~costy _1 [eose ty) ~sin(x + y) cos2y A = ———|cos(x + y) -sin(x + y) cos2y siny cosy i 2, —cosxcosy sinxcosy —cos*y(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS As Ri = Re hence determinant is zero. (xvi) Given, (3+V3 VS V5 VIS + 5 10 3+ 115 VI5 5 v+ v3 v5 VS Vis + V46 5 Vi0| 3+ iis VIB 5 ith v3 and Ca with v23 we get, +v3 vI5 v115| A= |VI5 + V46 5v3_ 230) 3+V115 v45 5v23 v23 + V3 V5(V3) V5(v23) Vis + V46 V5(vI5) V5(V46) 34+ V1i5 V5(3)_-¥5(v115)| Now taking V5 common from C2 and C3 We get, v23 + V3 (v3) (v23) A = v5V5|VviS + V46 (VIS) (v6) 3+vii5 (3) (v115) C24Cs V23 + v3 V23 + V3 (v23) A= S|VI5 + V46 VIS + V46 (V6) 34115 3411S (v115)| As Ci = Cz hence determinant is zero. Leta Multiplying C. Applying C2~ (xvii) Glven, sin? A cota 1 sin? B cotB 1 sin? cotC 1 isin? A cota | Let,A = |sin?B cotB 1 sin? otc 1 Now, > sin’ A (cot B ~ cot C)~ cot A (sin? B sin? C) +1 (sin’B cot C~ cot B sin? C ASA, Band Care angles of a triangle, Av B4C=180"(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS ‘= sin? A.cot B ~ sin? A cot C~ cot A sin? B + cot A sin*C # sin*8 cot C ~ cot B sin? C By using formulae, We get sind sinB _ sinC “a Be 2be Be scosC = ¢ cost 2ac 2ab A=0 Hence proved. Sol.2 Given, b cta b a bt+e “| ic a+b Co+Ch ee Ib ic Now by applying column operation C2 —--> C2 +C1 la b+c+a lb c+atb c att+e Taking (a+b+c) common, at Ib oL cl A=(at+b+o) Again by Applying row operation Rz ~----> Re ~ Riand Rs ~----> Ra - Ri 1 oa b-a 0 b?- ic-a 0 P= a’ a A= (atb+o]}v— ‘Taking (b-c) and (¢- a) common,(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS al a 1 0 b+a 10 cta = (a+b + Q—ay(e-a) =(a+b+c) (b-a) (ca) (b-¢) So, A= (a+b +c) (b~a) (c~a) (b~c) Sol3 Given, 1 a be} 1b ca 1c ab 1 a be| LetA =|1 b ca 1 ¢ abl Now by applying row operation, Rs ----> Rz ~ Ri and Rs ——-> Rs ~ Ri We get, 1 a be 0 b-a ca—be 0 c—-a ab—be a= f a4 be 0 b-a c(a—b) 0 c-a b(a-c) ‘Taking (a-b) and (a-c) common We get, fifa - be 4 = (a—bj(a—c)JO -1 ¢ lo -1 b = (a~b) (ca) (b~c) So, A= (a—b) (b—c) (ca) Sol4 Given, x x xth ox x xt] Into x x(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS SOLS Applying, C:->Ci + Cz + Cs, we have, ax A x sx +A XA 2A= x Bx+ A ox xa Taking, (3x + A) common, we get Hit x 1xth x 1 & x+al =A = Gx +) Applying, R2-Ro — Ri, Rs->Rs — Ri, we get, 1 x Xx =A = (3x+2)/0 A 0 oO A = (3x +A) So, A =? (3x+A) Given, a bc are] bc la boc Leta lc a b bc a Now we have to apply column operation, C:->C: + C2 + Cs, we get, atb+e b ¢ aA=latbtc a D lat+b+e c al Taking, (a+b +c) we get, 1b ¢| sd=(atb+ofi a Ol i ic 4 Now by applying row operation, Rz-Re ~ Ri, Rs->Rs ~ Ra, we get, i b c =A =(at+b+o]0 a—b b-¢ 0 c-b a-dl(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS =(a+b+0) [(a—b) (a-c)- (bc) (c-b)] =(a+b+0) [a*—ac—ab + be +b? +c? be} =(atb+¢) [a +b? + —ac—ab—be] So, A=(a+b+c) (a+b? +c? ac~ ab ~ be] SoL6 Given, xl tx aay 1 w LetA=|1 x 1 11x Now by applying column operation, C1->C: + C2 + Cs, we get, | =a= md) 1 x At aL aA=(2+x 1 x 1 i ai x Again by applying row operation, Ro->Ra~ Ri, Rs->Rs — Ri, we get, ee sA=(2+]0 x-1 0 10 0 = = (2 +x) x- 17 So, 0 = (2#x) (x= 1)? SoL7 Given, xy? x?y 0 x72 zy? 22 ay? On simplification we get,(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS SoL8 Solo = (0 = yz") = xy? (0 x°yz") + x2? (x'y'2- 0) =04 xvi + xy = 2x8" So, A = ax¥y8z3 Given, atx oy z x oaty 2z x yard atx oy 2 Let. x oaty 2 y ata Now by applying row operation we get RR: ~ Ro and Rss ~ Re la -aOF sh=|x aty z lo -a a Again by applying column operation, C:>C2 ~ C: la 0 9 atx+y 2 a al =A 0 =ala(atx+y)+az]+0+0 sat(atxtytz) So, A=a?(a+x+y+2) =4 =afaatxty)+az]+0+0 sat (atxty +z) So,A=a?(a+xty+z) ag 1 Leta =|1 y y2|+ |yz 2x dz 2 oe(MATHEMATICS) DETERMINANTS As [Al = |AI™ 1x i aaah y y+ 1 iz 2 1 If any two rows or columns of the determinant are interchanged, then determinant changes its sign hx ey px x saeh y yf-lt y a hag lh 2 xl 1x xy [lL x yz =A ly yi-jly x 1 2 zt So,A=0 Hence the proof