LAWS OF COLLISION

I.Name of members (Group 4)

1. Lê Minh Đức-22BA13078
2. Đinh Ngọc Hải-22BA13118
3. Đào Văn Đức-22BA13074
4. Nguyễn Thành Đức-22BA13081

II.Set up
The experimental set-up is performed as shown in Fig. 1. The starting device serves to
start the cart; three defined and reproducible initial energies can be selected with the
various latch positions. It is recommended that the second position is used for all
measurements. Connect the light barriers with input jacks 1 and 3 on the timer [connect
jacks having the same colours (red and yellow) and the two earth (ground) jacks to each
other]. Select the "Collision experiments" operating mode (2 double arrows printed on
the front panel). In this mode, up to two shading periods are measured and displayed
for each light barrier. When varying the mass ratios, ensure that the additional masses
are added symmetrically in each case. Before initiating the measurements, check the
track's adjustment. The momentum is determined by measuring the velocity of the cart.
For this purpose, the time during which the screen fitted on the cart impinges on the
light barrier is used, in accordance with: (=length of screen, = shading time) v =Δs/ Δt
 III. Results and discussion
1.Elastic collision
m1 m2 Ratio( t1 v1 t1’ v1’ t2’ v2’ P1 Exp_P1’ Cal_P1’ Exp_P2’ Cal_P2’ Cal_P
m1/m2
)
0.6 0.4 1.5 0.209 0.478 0 0 0.181 0.552 0.207 0 0.057 0.221 0.225 0.286
0.6 0.5 1.2 0.207 0.483 0 0 0.198 0.505 0.289 0 0.026 0.253 0.226 0.252
0.6 0.6 1 0.205 0.487 0 0 0.218 0.458 0.292 0 0 0.275 0.292 0.292
0.6 0.8 0.75 0.205 0.487 0 0 0.257 0.389 0.292 0 -0.042 0.311 0.334 0.292
0.6 1 0.6 0.205 0.487 1.239 0.08 0.295 0.338 0.292 0.048 -0.073 0.339 0.365 0.292
0.6 1.2 0.5 0.204 0.490 0.757 0.132 0.335 0.307 0.295 0.079 -0.098 0.369 0.392 0.294

- Based on the formula P'1=mv1’ , P2'=mv2’

If m1 > m2 => P1' >0
m1< m2 => P1' <0
When m2 increases P1' decrease, P2' increases
The calculated values are always bigger than the experiment values
 2. Inelastic collision

m1 m2 Ratio(m1/m2) t1 v1 t1’=t2’ v1’=v2’ P1 Exp_P1’ Cal_P1’ Exp_P2’ Cal_P2’ p1’+p2’

0.6 0.4 1.5 0.26 0.385 0.385 0.259 0.231 0.1554 0.1386 0.1036 0.0924 0.231
0.6 0.5 1.2 0.259 0.386 0.444 0.225 0.2316 0.135 0.126327 0.1125 0.105273 0.2316
0.6 0.6 1 0.285 0.351 0.53 0.188 0.2106 0.1128 0.1053 0.1128 0.1053 0.2106
0.6 0.8 0.75 0.28 0.358 0.58 0.172 0.2148 0.1032 0.092057 0.1376 0.122743 0.2148
0.6 1 0.6 0.29 0.244 0.695 0.143 0.1464 0.0858 0.0549 0.143 0.0915 0.1464
0.6 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.333 0.889 0.112 0.1998 0.0672 0.0666 0.1344 0.1332 0.1998

Base on the formula P1'=m1v1’, P2'=m2v2’ ( m2 increases -> m1/m2 ratio decreases )
If m2 increases, P1' decreases
If m2 increases, P2' increases
→ The calculated values are always bigger than the experiment values

IV. Conclusion
The experiment values are always lower than the actual values due to heat or friction.