UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

MODULE IN SOFTWARE APPLICATION & NETWORK SYSTEM

Course Title: Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships
Credit Units: 2 units
Course Description:

This Course is designed for self-study; this course will help you to understand, the use, and
applying a range of Information Communications Technologies (ICTs)—such as computers and
the Internet, other audio and video equipment, mobile phones, and online resources and tools—as
part of the teaching and learning process. During this course, you will collaborate with your peers
to develop a learning activity that uses digital tools and resource as your guide to become a
centered learning. It provides students with the knowledge and skills in various hardware,
software, and networking. Students will learn about computer troubleshooting, manage computer
networks, and use computer applications used onboard ships

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this module, students are expected to:

Cognitive:

Recognize the modernization of computer works in today’s modern era in our day-to-day activities
by providing effective way to ease all our task, services, processing, communication etc.

Affective:

Discuss the importance role of computer by relying on the computer system due to growing
dependency of computers.

Psychomotor:

Distinguish the various roles of computers work available in todays era and the modernization of
computer technology.
Demonstrates the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of computer on their type and size.

Intended Learning Outcomes:

1. Describe the knowledge on the role of computer in the modern world.

2. Ability to understand the role of computer in our society.
3. Ability to understand the basic concept and characteristics of computer technology.
4. Understand the uses of computers in various sectors, businesses, etc.
ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

LESSON 2. ROLE OF COMPUTER IN TODAY’S WORLD

Learning Activities:

In today’s world, for almost every activity whether personal (for example, operating personal
savings bank account) or business-related (for example, selling any product or services); in some
or the other way, we rely on the computer system. Due to the growing dependency on computers,
every small and big organizations and other business companies have started offering computer-
based service. Furthermore, the advancement of communications, electronic service networks,
and multimedia have opened a new door for corporates by providing an effective way of business
processing, payment transfer, and service delivery. We use computers for all our tasks. Our day-
to-day activities: paying bills, buying groceries, using social media, seeking entertainment,
working from home, communicating with a friend, etc., can all be done using a computer. So, it
is important not only to know how to use a computer, but also to understand the components of a
computer and what they do

There are various works available in today’s modern era. One of the modernized sectors today is
the business industry. Many business owners integrate the use of advanced technology to improve
their communications and services. It enhances their transactions towards a broader audience to
reach more people.
Computers are the competitive assets that a business organization could have. In this world full of
digital devices everywhere, it is an advantage to have computers to accommodate all the data that
you will need. Business infrastructures always see to it that they attend to the fast-changing needs
of the customers.

Role of Computers in our Society

➢ To save time and resources

➢ To reduced development and operating cost
➢ To improve the quality of goods and services

Independency

As computers help in making the business automated, the businesses are becoming more and
more independent. No more, there is the need to put manpower for every work, as with the
help of computer most of the works can be automated. Starting from ticket booking to a luxury
car manufacturing, everything is automated.

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Cost Cutting

Several businesses are based online in recent times; therefore, there is no need to open business
branch in every city, rather having one centralized inventory can make the business easier.
There is no need to employ many manpower.

Marketing

With the use of computer system with Internet facility, it is very simple to make a business
global in a given period of time. Website, email, social media websites, online advertisements,
etc. are the important tools of online marketing.

Huge Transaction Capacity

Several tasks are being done by computer including ticket booking to money transactions; this
increases the transaction capacity.

Huge Storage Capacity

Normally, most of the businesses need to store and maintain huge data and other records;
manually, it is very difficult to maintain, but the use of computer not only increases the storage
capacity, but also facilitates the processing and retrieval of data anytime.

Improvement of Productivity & Efficiency

As most of the tasks in almost every industry has become automated, it has now become much
easier to manufacture a huge bulk of products in very less time. Through computer technology,
services also became faster and easier.

High Accuracy

There is hardly any scope of errors in an automated system; however, if any error occurs, it is
largely a human error.

Ease of Data Sharing

Data sharing has now become very simple just the way it is simple to link one computer system
to another.

Competition

The applicability of computer technology has increased competition; now, the customers can
avail support 24x7.
ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Enhanced the Security System

Computer also helps keep the data of businesses secure. However, this security can face threats
too. For instance, if someone hacks the system or there is a virus attack, it can have the potential
to damage all the data that is secured.

Characteristics of Computer

Every computer has certain common characteristics irrespective of their type and size. The
computer is not just adding machines; they are capable of doing complex activities and operations.
They can be programmed to do complex, tedious and monotonous tasks. Computers are what they
are because of the following characteristics:

➢ It is a Machine
➢ It is an Electronic
➢ It is an Automatic
➢ It can manipulate Data
➢ It has a Memory

Word Length

A digital computer operates in binary digits i.e. 0 and 1. It can understand information only in
terms of 0s and 1s. a binary digit is called a bit. A group of 8 bits is called a byte. The number
of bits can process at a time in parallel is called its word length.

Efficiency

The computer processed data in Nano-second which is beyond of human capacity.

High Speed

A computer works with much higher speed and accuracy compared to humans while
performing mathematical calculations. Computers can process millions (1,000,000) of
instructions per second. The time taken by computers for their operations is microseconds and
nanoseconds.
➢ It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as compared to man who will
spend many months to perform the same task.

Accuracy

The accuracy of computer is very high unless the input is given correctly.
ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

➢ Computers perform calculations with 100% accuracy. Errors may occur due to data
inconsistency or inaccuracy.

Diligence

A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same consistency and
accuracy. It doesn’t feel any fatigue or lack of concentration. Its memory also makes it superior
to that of human beings. It can work continuously for several hour or day without getting bored
and tired.
➢ Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness, and lack of
concentration.
➢ It can work continuously without any error and boredom.
➢ It can perform repeated tasks with the same speed and accuracy.

Versatility

Versatility refers to the capability of a computer to perform different kinds of works with same
accuracy and efficiency. Computer is a versatile device. It can perform different tasks. At one
moment you can use computer for play games and in the next moment you can use computer
for watching videos.
➢ A computer is a very versatile machine.
➢ A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done.
➢ This machine can be used to solve the problems related to various fields.

Reliability

A computer is reliable as it gives consistent result for similar set of data i.e., if we give same
set of input any number of times, we will get the same result.
➢ A computer is a reliable machine.
➢ Modern electronic components have long lives.
➢ Computers are designed to make maintenance easy.

Automation

A computer is an automatic machine, capable of functioning automatically once they are an

appropriate set of instructions and data provided by computer. Once the task is initiated on a
computer it can proceed continuously.
➢ Computer performs all the tasks automatically i.e. it performs tasks without manual
intervention.
➢ Automation is the ability to perform a given task automatically. Once the computer
receives a program i.e., the program is stored in the computer memory, then the
program and instruction can control the program execution without human interaction.

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Storage Capability

It can store vast amount of information in the form of books, graphics, charts, animation, audio,
video etc.
➢ Memory is a very important characteristic of computers.
➢ Computer does not forget information like human being.
➢ They can store the information permanently.
➢ Even after several years’ computer can recall the information without forgetting
anything.

Reduction in Paperwork and Cost

➢ The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction in

paperwork and results in speeding up the process.
➢ As data in electronic files can be retrieved as and when required, the problem of
maintenance of large number of paper files gets reduced.
➢ Though the initial investment for installing a computer is high, it substantially reduces
the cost of each of its transaction.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Computers

Advantages:

➢ The computer can perform a complex operation in a short time.

➢ The computer can process a large volume of data.
➢ Computer can work continuously for a long time.
➢ A single computer can perform multiple task such as watching a movie, playing games,
listening song and others.
➢ The computer does not make mistake.
➢ Computer increases the circular performance of the student.

Disadvantages:

No I.Q.

➢ Computer has no intelligence to perform any task on its own like human being. Every
instruction is given by human being to computer for performing the task.

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Dependency

➢ A computer cannot make its own decisions. It can calculate many equations in a few
seconds and give accurate results, but the sequence of equations, steps, etc. can be only
be programmed by the user and not the computer. The computer cannot work without
instructions from the user. Hence it is totally dependent on its user.

Environment

➢ The operating environment of the computer should be dust free and suitable.

No Feelings

➢ Computers have no feelings or emotions.

➢ It cannot make judgment based on feeling, taste, experience, love and knowledge unlike
humans.

Capabilities of Computer

➢ Computer has the ability to perform mathematical and logical operations.

➢ It can process data at a very fast speed with almost perfect accuracy.
➢ It can store a great amount and variety of operations.
➢ It can handle volumes of repetitive task accurately over long period of time.
➢ It can communicate with its operators and other machines.

Limitations of Computer

➢ It can only carry out those operations that a person has programmed or instructed to
perform.
➢ It can detect, but generally cannot correct a wrong input or instructions.
➢ It is subject to occasional or breakdown or malfunctions.

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Similarities and Difference between Human and Computer

Human
✓ Human being has ears, nose, eyes, etc.
✓ Human can remember things
✓ Human can collect certain information required
✓ Human express their selves by speech,
writing, etc.
✓ Human can watch, hear, learn certain things
and analyze
✓ Our brains where we can store and analyze
Computer
✓ Computers have input devices such as
keyboard, scanner, touch screen, mouse to get
information
✓ Computer also remember information
✓ The computer also retrieve information when
times
✓ Computer express through screen, printouts
which we call as output
✓ With the help of software, computer also can
analyze information and draw conclusions
✓ The computer brain is known as CPU concludes
information is known (central processing unit)
where it analyzes information

Uses and Abuses of Computer

We are living in the age of science and technology. We see many wonderful inventions around us.
Their number is increasing day-by-day. These inventions have made our life easy, comfortable
and interesting. They have changed the ways of our thinking and living. The spread of modern
technology has reduced the distance, turning the world into global village.

Uses of Computer

The computer is one of the most wonderful inventions of the 20 th century. It is an automatic
electronic machine. It works without rest. It saves the time and labor of the man. People use
computer in a wide variety of ways. It is very useful for calculations, solve mathematical problem
without delay. Today the use of computer is very common. It is used in all walks of life, it is used
in banks, industries, trade and commerce, hospitals, hotels, etc.

Abuses of Computer

Almost every technology has a bright and dark side to it. The major disadvantage of the computer
is addiction. The youth is especially addicted to the computer because of the internet. Although
the internet may seem a blessing in disguise, it has a negative effect on the people if used more
than necessary. Children waste their time on computer, playing games or chatting on the internet.
This not only wastes their time but also affects their eyesight. People also misuse internet to watch
pornography and exploit people through chatting.

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

Types of Computer Misuse

Misuse of computers and communications systems comes in several forms:

➢ Hacking

Hacking is where an unauthorized person uses a network, internet or modem connection to

gain access past security passwords or other security to see data stored on another
computer. Hackers sometimes use software hacking tools and often target, for example,
particular sites on the internet.

➢ Data Misuse and Unauthorized Transfer or Copying

Copying and illegal transfer of data is very quick and easy using online computers and
large storage devices such as hard disks, memory sticks and DVDs. Personal data, company
research and written work, such as novels and textbooks, cannot be copied without the
copyright holder's permission.

➢ Copying and Distributing Copyrighted Software, Music and Film

This includes copying music and movies with computer equipment and distributing it on
the internet without the copyright holder's permission. This is a widespread misuse of both
computers and the internet that breaks copyright regulations.
ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world
 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, Philippines

➢ Email and Chat Room Abuses

Internet services such as chat rooms and email have been the subject of many well-
publicized cases of impersonation and deception where people who are online pretend to
have a different identity. Chat rooms have been used to spread rumors about well-known
personalities. A growing area of abuse of the internet is email spam, where millions of
emails are sent to advertise both legal and illegal products and services.

➢ Pornography

A lot of indecent material and pornography is available through the internet and can be
stored in electronic form. There have been several cases of material, which is classified as
illegal, or which shows illegal acts, being found stored on computers followed by
prosecutions for possession of the material.

➢ Identity and Financial Abuses

This topic includes misuse of stolen or fictional credit card numbers to obtain goods or
services on the internet and use of computers in financial frauds. These can range from
complex well thought out deceptions to simple uses such as printing counterfeit money
with color printers.

➢ Viruses

Viruses are relatively simple programs written by people and designed to cause nuisance
or damage to computers or their files.

end///

REFERENCE/S:
➢ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/basics_of_computer_science/basics_of_computer_science
_system.htm
➢ https://kullabs.com/class-11/computer-science-1/introduction-to-computer-1/Concept-
importance-and-characteristics-of-Computer

Prepared by:

IT INSTRUCTORS

ICT 1 | Software Application and Network System used in Seagoing Ships | Role of Computer in today’s world