MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF LAW

PUBLIC & COMPARATIVE LAW

LL. B III, SEMESTER TWO, 2023

L 3210 CRIMINAL PROCEDURE READING LIST

PERSONNEL: Engoru*/Tamale
_____________________________________________________________________
Criminal Procedure is essentially a practical subject concerned with technical rules
set out in statutes and case law. Grasping these rules therefore, is critical for a
successful legal career in criminal practice. The course is intended to equip students
with knowledge on general principles and practicable application of the law on
criminal procedure in the lower/subordinate courts, superior courts of record, as
well as, the appellate courts. The course will also enable students to acquire a
broad and critical approach to Criminal procedural rules and regulations and how this
is linked to constitutional law. The overall outcome of the course is to equip
students with practical knowledge on procedural aspects of criminal adjectival
process to enable them make better academic and /or effectively participate in
criminal proceedings as state prosecutors, judicial officers or defence attorneys as
well as researchers and, legislators/or policy makers. Better understanding of the
subject requires cross referencing with other course modules: fundamental
principles of criminal law, evidence, and constitutional law. We shall also explore
and contextualize emerging challenges to administration of [Criminal] Justice arising
from cross border organized and net-worked crimes such as terrorism, cybercrime,
computer misuse, a clash of culture and legal systems eg ‘mato put’ among the Luo
speaking people.

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Core Materials
A. Legislation
The Children Act cap 59.
The Constitution of Uganda 1995
The Court of Appeal Rules, Directions, 1996
The Criminal Procedure Code Act Cap 116.
The Domestic Violence Act, 2010
The Evidence Act cap 6
The Extradition Act cap 117.
The Habitual Criminals (Preventive Detention) Act Cap.118
The Judicature Act cap 13
The Justice of the Peace Act Cap.15
The Magistrate Court Act cap 16.
The Magistrates Courts (Magisterial Areas) Instrument, 2007
The Magistrates’ Courts (Amendment) Act 2007
The Penal Code (Amendment) Act, 2007
The Penal Code Act cap 120
The Police Act cap 303
The Prevention and Prohibition of Torture Act, Act 3 of 2012
The Prisons Act Cap. 304
The Probation Act Cap. 122
The Transfer of Convicted Offenders Act, Act 2 of 2012
The Trial on Indictments Act cap 23.

B. Text Books and Journal Articles

1. Andrews Sanders & Richard Young (1994) Criminal Justice
2. Ayume, Francis J: Criminal Procedure and Law in Uganda, Longman, 1980
3. Brown, Donglas: Criminal Procedure in Uganda and Kenya, 2nd Ed., London, Sweet
& Maxwell, 1970
4. Butler and Garsie: Krehbold’s Criminal Pleadings, Evidence and Practice, London,
Sweet & Maxwell

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5. Cecil Twiner: Kenny’s Outline of Criminal Law, (1469) CUP.
6. David Barnard (1988), The Criminal Court in Action, 3rd Ed.
7. Devin, P. Criminal Prosecution in England
8. Hampton C: Criminal Procedure and Evidence (1973) London, Sweet. & Maxwell.
9. Jackson, R.M: Enforcing the Law London, Regime Books, 1967
10. Kamari Mixine Clarke (2009) ‘FICTION OF JUSTICE’ The International Criminal
Court and the Challenge to Legal Pluralism in Sub-Saharan Africa (CUP).
11. Marcus Stone: Cross Examination in criminal trials, (1995) 2nd Ed.
12. Nigel Walker and Nicola Padfield: Sentencing Theory, Law and Practice, (1996) 2nd
Ed.
13. Odoki, B, J.: Sentencing in Uganda (L.D.C), Kampala, 1979
14. Odoki, B.J: Cases on Criminal Procedure Vol.II L.D.C Publication: A Handbook for
Magistrates, Kampala, 1972
15. Odoki, B.J: A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda, Kampala, L.D.C, Publishers,
1975
16. Richard stone: Entry, Search and Seizure: A guide to civil and criminal powers of
entry, 3rd Edition 1997
17. Roger Arguile: Criminal Procedure, London, Butterworths
18. Slatery, B.O: A Handbook for Magistrates, Kampala, 1972
19. Ssekandi, F.W.: Specimen Charges for Common Offences in Uganda, Kampala,
L.D.C Publishers, 1975
20. Ssekandi, F.M: The Art of Advocacy, Kampala, L.D.C., 1972
21. Thomas, D.A Principles of Sentencing, London, Heinemann 1970

I. Jurisdiction (N TAMALE)
1. Ayume: Chapter 3, pg.15-16.
2. Richard Card and Jones: Criminal Law 13th Edition Ch.4, pg.45.
3. The Constitution 1995 - Articles 129-139.
4. The Judicature Act Cap 13.
5. The Trial on Indictments Act cap 23, Sections 1 & 3.
6. The Penal Code Act Cap 120 S.4 and 5

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7. Magistrates’ Courts Act: Sections 1, 2, 3, 31-41, 142, 144, 157, 161 & 166.
8. Odoki; pg.1-9

Cases
1. U vs James Bitambe (1983) HCB 17
2. Uganda vs Mustapha Atama, (1975) HCB 254.
3. Kirparam & Sons vs Khushal Chand (1932-35) 5 ULR 71.
4. Lee Kahigwa & A.K., Rasid vs Uganda [1964] EA 451.
5. Uganda vs Yusuf Assi (1973) HCB 98.
6. Rufus Riddlesbrager vs Brian Robson [1959] EA 84.
7. Kabenge & 2 Others vs Uganda (1971) ULR 20.
8. R vs Hashin SO Mohamed Mfaume (1968) HCB 272.
9. Desai vs Warsama (1967) EA 351.
10. Oscoff vs Benabo (1967) 2 All ER 48.
11. Anisimic Ltd vs Foreign Compensation Commission (1967) 2 All ER. 986.
12. Ug. vs Katamu Alayo (1977)HCB 219.
13. Regina vs Pinfold (1988) 2 W.L.R 635.
14. Ug vs Santina Rakias [1980] HCB 98.
15. Ug. vs Stabi Juman [1983] HCB 14.
16. Ug vs Kankinho James and Bateta Annet Alias H.C.C/S. Case Bo. 1/1966
(unreported).
17. Ug. vs Ongone Taresela (1992-1993) HCB 75
18. Ug. vs Christopher Kiwanuka (1979) HCB 210
19. Ug. vs Aucor S/O Abuya & 2 Others (1977) HCB 218
20. Karim Bagenda & ORS v Uganda [1994] V KALR 43
21. Uganda v Wadri and 31 ors High Court Criminal Revision 2 of 2018 on criminal
jurisdiction of Magistrates Courts

II. Extradition (An aspect of Jurisdiction)

1. Magistrates Courts Act (Section 123 and 125)
2. TIA: Section 54

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3. The Extradition Act (Cap.117)
4. Francis Ayume: Ch. 3 pp.21-28.

Cases
1. Re Castioni (1891) 1 QB 149
2. R vs Meunier (1894) 2 QB 415
3. R vs Governor of Brixton, ex Parte Gardener [1968] All ER 636
4. Re Extradition Act 1970, ex Parte Treasury Solicitor General (1961) 1 WLR
5. Cheng vs Governor of Pentoville Prison (1973) 2 WLR 746
6. Re an application by the Attorney General of Tanganyika [1958] E.A 482.

III. Summonses, Warrants and Arrests

1. Ayume Chapter 4.
2. B.J. Odoki: A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda 2nd Edn., pg. 37-44.
3. GW Kanyeihamba: The Law and the Citizens in Uganda, University of EA Social
Sciences Council Conference Proceedings Kampala (available in the MISR
Library).
4. MCA: Section 44 - 53 Summons
5. TIA: Section 5, 21-36 Warrants and Arrests
6. TIA: Section 15
7. CPC: Section 5-19
8. Uganda Constitution 1995: Art.23 & 24.

Cases
1. M’bui vs Dyer (1967)EA 315
2. Stephen Obiro vs R [1962] EA 61
3. Davey vs Shawcroft (1948)1 All ER 227
4. Mwangi s/o Njerege vs R (1954) 21 EACA 377
5. Christie vs Leachinsky [1947] AC 573; [1946] KB 124
6. Karum s/o Njerege vs R (1954)21 EACA 377
7. Beard & Another vs Republic [1970] EA 448

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8. Wheatley vs Lodge (1971) 1 All ER 173
9. Joseph Byarugaba vs Uganda [1973] ULR 4
10. Gustus Nsubuga vs Attorney General (1973). 1 ULR 74
11. In the matter of an Application for habeas corpus Nairobi H/C Criminal
application No.53/1987 October 1987 Nairobi Law Monthly.
12. Edward Lule Nsimbe vs Ug. (1982) HCB 77.
13. U vs D Kamalawo and 4 others (1983) HCB 23.
14. R vs Kapadia Madur (1967) HCB 103 (TZ)
15. Nvule vs A.G (1978) H.C.B 31.
16. U vs Jamil Kisegerwa & Another (1978) HCB 137
17. Stephen Oporocha v Uganda [1991] HCB 9
18. Uganda v Kizza [1983] HCB 12
19. F. Sentamu v U.C.B. & Another [1983] HCB 59
20. Uganda v Kisegerwa and Another [1978] HCB 137
21. Byansi & Another v Busoga District Local Administration [1975] HCB 286
22. Re: E.S. Lumu & 4 Others, Misc. Criminal Appeal Nos. 31-35 of 1996
23. J. Nkozebwa v R, Criminal Appeal No. 215 of 1954
24. R.K. Kasule v Makerere University Kampala 1975 HCB 375

IV. Searches and Search Warrants

1. Odoki B.J: A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda Ch.10, pp.45-48.
2. The Constitution 1995, Art.27
3. Ayume: Chapter 5
4. MCA: Sections 69-74
5. CPC: Sections 16-21
6. Police Act cap 303 sections 24,25, 26,27 & 28.

Cases
1. Elias vs Pasmore (1934) 2 KB 164

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2. Mohanlal Trivedi vs R [1967] E.A 355
3. Kityo vs Uganda [1967] EA 23
4. Onyango vs Uganda [1967]EA 386
5. Tenywa vs Uganda [1967] EA 102
6. Dritoo vs West Nile District Administration [1968] EA 428
7. Uganda vs Twaha Muyangu [1975] HCB 329
8. Uganda vs Alfred Cox-Odoki [1973] HCB 191
9. Uganda Nuwa Geregere, Crim. Rev. No.14/74 (unreported)
10. Uganda vs Asman Saidio and Another Crim. Rev. No. 100/76
11. Koech vs Republic [1968] EA 109
12. Simon Musoke vs Uganda [1958] EA 715
13. Tumuhairwe vs Uganda [1967] E.A 328
14. Ug. vs Musisi [1977] HCB 298
15. Kiwanuka and Anor. vs Uganda [1977] HCB 1
16. Ug. vs G. Siranuye [1977] HCB 214
17. Ug. D. Mukasa [1978] HCB 318
18. Ndege vs Ug. [1979] HCB 162 (CA)
19. U vs E. Kakooza [1984] HCB 1
20. John Okello v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 198 of 1965
21. Uganda v Zakaria Kera [1975] 107
22. Christopher Lubaale v Uganda [1995] VI KALR 36
23. Foundation for Human Rights Initiative v AG Constitutional Petition No. 20 of
2006 (repealed Section 25 (2)) of the Police Act
24. Uganda v Tibiwa HCCS 90 of 2013 (process of conducting a search)

V. Bail
1. The Constitution, Art. 23(6)
2. Ayume: Chapter 6.
3. Odoki B.J: A Guide to Criminal Procedure Ch.4, pp.69-75.
4. Bryan Gibson. (The Law, Best Practice and the Debate)
5. MCA Sections 75-84 .

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6. Trial on Indictments Act cap 23 S.14 & 15.
7. Halsbury’s Laws of England. Fourth Edition, vol.11(2)

CASES
1. Uganda vs. Wilberforce Nadiope M.B. 153/69
2. U vs. Lawrence Luzinda [1986] HCB 33
3. S. Ruparelia vs. Ug (1992-93) HCB 52
4. In the Application of Bail for Balaki Kiirya Misc. Criminal Appeal 65/1984.
5. DPP V Col(RTD) Dr. Kiiza Besigye, Constitutional Reference No.20 of 2005
6. Foundation for Human Rights Initiative v AG Constitutional Appeal 3 of 2009
[2018]

The current position regarding Bail

6. Col. (RTD) Dr. Kiiza Besigye v Uganda H.C. Criminal Misc. Application No.
37 of 2004 -Interim bail
7. Havind Patel v Uganda S.C.C.A. NO 1 of 2003 -Considerations for bail pending
appeal
8. Christopher Lubale v Uganda [1995] IV KALR 48 –Bail pending appeal
c/s 217(1) MCA-Chronic sickness with AIDS- Whether ground
sufficient for application for bail pending appeal
9. Capt. Wilberforce Serunkuma v Uganda [1995] 1 KALR 32 -Whether AIDS
falls under exceptional circumstances of grave illness under s.(14)(A) TIA
justifying grant of bail
10. Leonard Muyingo v Uganda [1995] II KALR 32 -Whether application for
bail in a higher court stays proceedings in the lower court
11. Uganda v Quarish Ggolooba [1998] II KALR 27 –Whether accused on bail may
not travel outside jurisdiction without leave of court.
12. Charles Onyango Obbo & Andrew Mwenda v Uganda [1997] V KALR 25 -
Whether bail of UgShs. 2m/= for a person accused of publishing false
news c/s 24 PCA is excessive-Whether magistrate failed to exercise

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 his discretion judiciously
13. Mutyaba Semu v Uganda H.C. Criminal Misc. Application No. 99/92 -
Whether 60 years of age was advanced age for purposes of granting bail to
the applicant.
14. Dr. Aggrey Kiyingi v Uganda H.C. Misc. Criminal Application No.41 of 2005
15. Florence Byabazaire v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 284 of 2006
16. Christopher John Boehlke v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 332 of
2006
17. Denis Obua Otima v Uganda H.C. Criminal Application No. 18 of 2005
18. Mpuuma K. Leonard v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 325 of 2006
19. David Chandi Jamwa v Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Application No. 20
of 2011
20. Nakiwuge Racheal Muleke v Uganda SC Criminal Reference 12 of 2020

F CHARGES AND INDICTMENTS

Ayume Chapter 7
Odoki, B.J. Ch.11 pp.48-58
Kenny’s Outline Paras 735-755 (588-610) and paras 735-755 (588-610).
MCA: Sections 42(2), 85-88, 132
TIA: Sections 22-27, 50-51, and 58

CASES

1. R vs. Tambukiriza s/o Kiyonga [1958] EA 212

2. Ug vs. Samwiri Baligeya [1977] HCB 223

3. Judagi and Others vs. West Nile District Administration [1963] EA 406

4. R vs. Wandera (1948) 15 MCA 105

5. Ug vs. Lakol [1986] HCB 27

6. Abubakali Amin and Another vs. Uganda (1973) 1 ULR 1

7. R vs. Male [1963] EA 471

8. Ug vs. Mafabi & Another [1976] HCB 172

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9. Matu vs. R [1951] EACA 311

10. Uganda vs Kakiki Matovu and Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 311

11. Balinda vs. Ug. (1992-93) HCB 41

12. Kayondo vs. Uganda (1992-93) HCB 41
13. Uganda vs. Ndondo & 2 Others [1985] HCB 3
14. Kimeze Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 9
15. Uganda v Paulo Muwanga (1988-90) HCB 72
16. Uganda v William Ibwokital [1980] HCB 3
17. Stephen Kisuwa & Another v Uganda [1980] HCB 95
18. Uganda v Bambeijo & Another [1981] HCB 4
19. Uganda v Katabazi [1978] HCB 67
20. Uganda v B. Mpaya [1975] HCB 245
21. Mohammed Kayiwa v Uganda [1975] HCB 67
22. Uganda v S. Byaruhanga [1975] HCB 258
23. Uganda v Ocilaje s/o Eragu [1977] HCB 9
24. Honesio Avone v Uganda , Criminal Appeal No. 88 of 1967

Joinder of Charges
M.C.A: Sections 85-87
TIA: Sections 23-24
Ayume: pp.70-75
Cases
1. Alikaeli vs R (1954) 21 EACA 371
2. Yakobo Uma and Another vs. R [1965] EA 542
3. Laban Koti vs. R [1962] EA 439 (K)
4. Sulemani Makerere vs. R (1973) 1 TLR (R) 205
5. R vs Holley and Others (1969) 1969 Crim. Rev. pg.137
6. R vs Petr J. Scarmange 47 Cr. App r.2132
7. Uganda vs. Katabazi [1978] HCB 67
8. Uganda vs. Luabye [1986] AC 31

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9. R vs. Decree Clayton Wright 35 Cr. App.22
10. Joseph s/o Odare vs. R (1954) 21 EACA 311
11. Delip Sigh vs. R [1971] HCB 364.
12. Yolamu Okecho & Another vs. U [1977] HCB 270
13. Uganda vs. Muwonge (1988-90) HCB 72
14. Kato vs. R [1971] HCB 36
15. Nathan vs. R [1965] EA 77
16. Uganda vs. Emmanuel Yigga [1984] HCB 25
17. Bahai vs. R (1971) 200 (TZ)
18. Yowanda Buliza vs. Ug. [1965] EA 439 (CA)
19. Jerinih s/o Swangi vs. R (1951) 18 EACA
20. R vs. Smith (1958) 1 All ER 457 (1958) INLR 312 or 42 Crim. Appl. R.35
21. Kimeze & Onother vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 9
22. Ug. vs. Bitambe [1983] HCB 17
23. Uganda vs. Kadi Matovu & Another [1983] HCB
24. Pin vs. Uganda (1992-93) HCB 32
25. Uganda v Amisi [1970] EA 291
26. Yorokamu Okecho & Isaya Okumu v Uganda [1977] HCB 270
27. Yowana Sebuzukira v Uganda [1965] EA 684

Defective Charges, Duplicity etc

MCA: Section 42
TIA: Section 25,50 and 58
Odoki BJ: pg.55-56
Ayume: pg. 76-80

CASES
1. Uganda vs. H Tanuel [1964] EA 297
2. Uganda vs. Matovu [1983] HCB 27
3. Sosipeter Opale vs. R [1962] EA 661
4. G. Kimaze and Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 9

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5. Koti vs. R [1962] EA 437
6. Avone vs. Uganda [1969] EA 129
7. Uganda vs. James Bitambe [1983] HCB 17

8. Mwambelefu vs. R (1962) (supra)

9. Uganda vs. Robert & Another (1969) EA 622

10. Opale vs. R (1962) EA 661

11. Uganda vs. Keneri Opidi (1965) EA 614

12. Uganda vs. Dickens Elatu and Another Crim. Rev. No. 71/72(unreported)

13. Uganda vs. Tumuhairwe (supra)

14. Abdul Rasul G. Sabur vs. R [1958]EA 126

15. Uganda vs. Tumbukire (supra)

16. Harbans Singh vs. R [1958] EA 199

17. Japhat George Agaitu vs. R [1964] EA 69

18. R vs. Njidige Bin Aapwana and Another (1939) 6 EACA 118

19. U vs. Bwambale & Another [1979] HCB 252

20. Blasius vs. R [1973] EA 511

21. Saidi vs. R [1969] EA 280

22. Ludwike vs. R [1967] EA 763

23. Ug. vs. Okello [1985] HCB 2

24. U vs. Zikolane (1989-90) HCB 13

25. Mukunda vs. R [1967] EA 25

26. Shah vs. R [1960] EA 562

27. Subur vs. R [1958] EA 126

28. Sinjana s/o Ntebi and another vs. R [1969] EA 247 (TZ)

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29. Kambi Shoov Sad vs. R [1971] HCB 230

30. Ug vs. Ssebaale [1986] HCB 36

Ug vs. Bitambe [1983] HCB 17

Njuguna v R [2003] 1 EA 206(CAK) –Whether stating in a charge a lesser amount than

that actually stolen rendered the charge defective or mere irregularity

AMENDMENTS OF CHARGES

MCA: Section 132

TIA: Section 50

Ayume: pg.81 - 83

Odoki: pg.58

CASES
1. Mbithi Kisoi vs. R (1955) 22 EACA 484

2. Maine s/o Kamunye vs. R (1954) 21 EACA 252 (K)

3. Yusuf Maumba vs. R [1966] EA 167

4. Mutu s/o Gishimu vs. R (1951) 18 EACA 311 (K)

5. Saucier vs. R [1962] EA 30 (S)

6. R vs Pople (1951) 1 KB 53

7. Maulidi Abdullah Chengo vs. Republic [1964] EA 122 (T)

8. M. Odikira vs. Orim, App.No.132/1977.

9. William Sebugenyi vs. R (1959) EA 411

10. Uganda v Isaka Irumba & 4 Others [1978] HCB 229

11. Musoke v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 108

12. Hunter v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 366

13. R v Nyamitare (1956-57) 8 ULR 292

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14. Dr. John Mudusu v Uganda CA Criminal Appeal 67 of 1999

G TRIAL PROCEDURE: (IN MAGISTRATES, HIGH COURT) AND APPEALS;

REVISIONS; RE-TRIALS: I ENGORU1. MAGISTRATE COURTS

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Ayume: Ch.8

Odoki B.J: Ch.92-100

MCA Sections 114-118, 119-160.

CASES

1. R vs. d/o Snag and others (1987) 14 EACA 134

2. Wanje Kanyoro Kamau vs. R [1965] EA 501 (CA)

3. R vs. Sitapakwe s/o Kilembo (1945) 19 EACA 47

4. Lubega and others vs. R (1967) EACA 240

5. Uganda vs. Barza and another Criminal appeals Nos. 36-87/73

6. Uganda vs. Lule Crim. Case 456/68

7. Uganda vs. Lwanga and others crim. S. case No.179/71

8. Kanyankole vs. Uganda Crim.Applic. 18/72(CA)

9. R. v Hans 20 Cr. App. EA 144

10. Mwangi and Ors. vs. R [1974] EA 499

11. Batala vs E [1974] EA 402

12. Sulemani Oyo vs. Uganda Crim. Appl No.150/71(EACA) (unreported)

15. Eustace v Republic

16. Criminal Revision No. 47 of 1980 [1981} HCB 6

17. Uganda v Akai & Others [1979] HCB 8

18. Musa & Others v R [1970] EA 42

19. Uganda v G. Ndungo [1978] HCB 226

20. R v Suke d/o Samwe & Others (1947) 14 EACA 134

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PLEAS

1. R vs. Inns 60 Crim. Appeal R. 231

2. Adan vs. R [1975] EA 445

3. U vs. Mwebese (1978) HCB 872

4. R vs. Moses Muwonge and 2 others Crim Rev. 145/1977

5. U vs. Wasswa & Others (1969) KALR 94

6. U vs. Lwanga [1984] HCB 20

7. U vs Motooroki [1979] HCB 253 see also statute 1/1982 and S.1
120/1982.

8. R vs Thomas [1950] KB 26

9. Haji Sedi Senyaga vs Uganda [1975] EA 186

10. Ug vs Muwonge & Others [1978] HCB 23

11. Ug vs Tukei [1979] HCB 127

12. Ug vs Lakot [1986] HCB 27

13. Ug vs Kilama (1992-93) HCB 50

14. U vs Bwambale & Another [1979] HCB 252

15. U vs Fred Rutoroki [1979] HCB 253

16. U vs Haji Zedi Semugoya, Crim. Rev. No.235 of 1973.

17. Uganda v Milenge & Another [1970] EA 269

18. George Kanalusasi v Uganda (1988-90) HCB 9

21. Uganda v Charles Olet & Another [1991] HCB 13

22. Samwiri Mugabi v Uganda [1987] HCB 14

23. Luusi Mibuulo v Uganda [1985] HCB 5

24. Uganda v Paulo Lwanga [1984] HCB 20

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25. Uganda v Matovu [1973] HCB 195

26. J. Bizangande v Uganda [1976] HCB 9

CHANGE OF PLEA AND THE FUNCTUS OFFICIO RULE

Ayume ch.9, pg.111-116.

CASES

1. Mugola s/o Pudha vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 171

2. U vs Christopher Mukiibi Crim. Appl. 511/72 (unreported)

3. Kulundi Gatithi vs. R [1973] EA 540

4. Lapi and 2 Others vs. Uganda MB 88/65

5. Okello vs. R [1969] EA 378

6. Yusuf Mbumba vs. R [1966] EA 383

7. R vs. Guest (1964) 3 All ER 385

8. S (an infant) v Manchester City Recorder & Others (1969) 3 All ER 1230

9. U vs. Serio Elic Crim. Rev. 90/77

10. U vs. Ndondo & 2 Others [1985] HCB 3

11. George Yigga vs. U [1974]HCB 162

12. Joseph Mugola vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 171

13. Ug. vs. Muwonge & Others [1978]HCB 23

14. Ug vs. Tukei [1979] HCB 127

15. Ug vs. Bakamwise [1986] HCB 15

16. Uganda v Okwang Michael (1992-93) HCB 62

2. TRIAL IN THE HIGH COURT

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TIA: Sections 50-98

1. Ug vs. Yanosam Lule Crim. Ses. Case 456/68

2. Ug vs. Musa Lwanga and 4 others Crim. Sc. No. 179 of 1971 (unreported)

3. Ug vs. Aleper Ogola s/o Sagala Crim. Sc. No.501/71(unreported)

4. John Kanyankore vs. Uganda EACA Crim App. No. 18/72 (unreported)

5. U vs. Wasajja [1975] HCB 76

6. R v Dinu d/o Sombi & 2 Others (1953) 20 EACA 166

7. Vithlani v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 155

8. Mafabi s/o Mafabi v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 59

H ASSESSORS

Ayume Ch.11

Odoki B.J: pp.126-128

Secondary Reading
1. Excerpts from part III of Jearey’s article 3 UAL 82

2. Sir John Gray - Opinion of Assessors in criminal Trials in East Africa as to

Native Custom - (1985)2 JAL

3. A.W Allot- The Judicial Asertainment of Customary Law in British

Africa - 20 ELR 294.

4. Odero, F.W.J. The role and Status of Assessors in East African Judicial
Systems; Journal of Denning Law Society DSM (12) December

5. Mugamba P, J, (2010) ‘Presentation to Uganda Law Society on Criminal

Justice System in Uganda. A view from the Bench.

6. Mubiru S (2010) Role of the Defence Attorney in Criminal Trials in Uganda’, A

paper presented to Uganda Law Society CLE Training.

CASES
1. Ndirangu s/o Odingo vs. R (1954) 2 EA 878

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2. Washington s/o Maingi VR (1954) 21 EACA 392.

3. R. vs. Mutwiwa s/o Maingi (1935) 2 EACA 66

4. R vs. Kiswaga s/o Luguma (1948) 15 EACA 50

5. R vs. Guzambizi Wesonga (1948) 15 EACA 65

6. R vs. Edimbe s/o Nyandawale (1947) 14 EACA 85

7. Godfrey Tinkamalirwa & Another v Uganda (1988-90) HCB 5

8. King Emperor vs. Tirumali Reddi 24 Madras 529

9. Mahlikilili Dhalamini vs. The King [1942] AC 553

10. Khiza vs. Ug. [1983] HCB 12

11. Kusain Lukoda vs. Ug. [1983] HCB 6

12. Kasule vs. Ug (1992-93) HCB 38

13. Komakech vs. Ug. (1992-93) HCB 21

14. Ocoke vs. Ug (1992-93) HCB 12

15. Kanalusasi vs. Ug (1988-90) HCB 9

16. Kassim Musa Obura vs. Ug. [1983]HCB 3

17. Birikadde vs. Ug. [1986] HCB 6

18. Bihinganwa vs. Ug. (1986) HCB 2

19. Kinyori s/o Karuditi v R (1956) 23 EALR 480

22. Abdu Komakech v Uganda (1992-93) HCB 21

23. Mohammed Byamugisha v Uganda [1987] HCB 4

24. G. Bihinganwa v Uganda [1986] HCB 1

25. R v W. Y. Wilken [1965] HCB 286

26. John Kuka v Uganda, Supreme Court Criminal Appeal No. 1 of 1992

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27. Sula Kasiiria v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 20 of 1993 Summing up to the
assessors said to be prejudicial to the appellant’s case

28. Sam Ekolu alias Obote v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 15 of 1994 Omission by the
learned trial judge to sum up the law to the assessors – Whether the whole trial
rendered a nullity- Irregular recording of the assessor’s combined opinion

29. Kenge v R [1999] 1 EA 145 (CAK) Absence of assessor- whether court has the
power to expel a sitting assessor or bar his participation due to absence.

30. Bwenge v Uganda [1999] 1 EA 25 (CAU) Effect of the assessor’s absence

on trial- whether an assessor who absents herself from part of the trial can
resume her role at a later date.

31. Fred Sebahashi v Uganda [1994] V KALR 127 Reasons for departing from
advice of the assessors- Whether the trial court erred in not giving reasons
for the departure from the advice of the assessors.

32. Uganda v Hon. Eng. Abraham James Byandala & 7 Ors ACD No. 001 of 2015
(unreported: Gidudu; J)

I JUDGEMENTS AND COMPETENT VERDICTS

Ayume - chapter 13

Odoki - chapters 25, pg.32-135

MCA SS. 135-136; 144-155

TIA SS 82-86; 90

Kenny pars 731; 732; 735

CASES

1. Amiraliv Ismail vs. R (1952) 1 TLR (R) 370

2. Daudi Wade vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 138

3. R vs. Ali Abdulla Shirazi and another (1956) 23 EACA 550

4. R vs. Kangara s/o Karanjo (1934) 1 EACA 74

5. Akadit s/o Lengobe and another vs. R (1951) 18 EACA 193

6. Desiderio Kawunya vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 281

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7. Samwiri Senyange vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 277

8. Mugema vs Republic [1967] EA 606

9. Bwire vs. Uganda [1966] EA 539

10. Misango vs. Republic [1969] EA 539

11. R vs. Sena [1971] HCB 208

12. John vs. R [1971] HCB 380

13. Isliam Nkate vs. R [1961] HCB 216

14. Alex Opolot vs Uganda Crim. Appealence 56/72 (CA)

15. Ug vs. Emmanuel Yanga (supra)

16. Ug vs. Benctor Adrabe [1984] HCB 20

17. Ug vs. Okitoyi (1978) HCB 3

18. Uvs. Zikolere and 2 others (1986) HCB 21.

19. Jean Charles Confiance v R [1960] EA 567

20. George Kanalusasi v Uganda (1988-90) HCB 9

21. Uganda v L. Oyang & Another [1980] HCB 4

22. Uganda v Ochola & 2 Others [1981] HCB 8

23. Uganda v Pampilio Edebu [1979] HCB 209

24. Uganda v Yusufu Kasanda & 3 Others [1978] HCB 223

27. Raphael Kiiza & Anor V Uganda (1995) III KALR 59 Whether failure to date
judgement fatal

28. Karim Bagenda & Ors V Uganda (1994) V KALR 43 Whether a judge may
reserve reasons for her judgment.

MINOR AND COGNATE OFFENCES

Ayume: Ch.13 pg.151

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S. 142 MCA

CASES

1. Robert Ndeche and Another vs. R (1954) 18 EACA 171

2. R vs. Mayanja (1936-51) 6 ULR 11

3. Ali Masabaeru Mpauda vs. R [1963] EA 294

4. Breaka s/o Afiya vs. R [1963] EA 363

5. Fune vs. Ug [1967] EA 632

6. Mpanda vs. R [1963] EA 294

7. Seleeho and another vs. R (1951) 18 EACA 171

8. R vs. Kagere s/o Langabe & Another (1951) 18 EACA 193

9. Amirali Imail vs. R (1958) ITLR (R) 370

10. Wade vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 138

11. Kawooya vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 280

12. Uganda v Patrick Batulibubi [1977] HCB 291

13. Kasto Budebo v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 22 of 1993 Murder- Both

prosecution and defence versions appeared equally logical- On the facts,
case reduced to a less cognate offence.

14. Adam Owonda V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 8 of 1994 Accused acquitted of

aggravated robbery and sentenced to simple robbery.

15. Mawanda V Uganda ( 2000) 2 EA 444 (SCU) Appellant convicted of and

sentenced for aggravated robbery- On appeal appellant advocate conceding to
simple robbery- whether such concession an unequivocal admission of guilt.

16. Henry Kayondo V Uganda (1995) III KALR 118 Alternative charges s.
86(b)(I)/- Whether an alternative charge must be minor and cognate

17. Avutia V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 115 Whether criminal trespass was minor
and cognate to theft.

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18. Teopista Tusingwire & Anor V Uganda (1996) VI KALR 75 Whether doing
an act intended to cause grievous harm was minor and cognate to attempted
murder.

19. Wini Geyonga Rusheyegera V Uganda (1992) IV KALR Whether the accused
can be convicted of a minor and cognate offence where the prosecution fails to
prove all the ingredients of the offence charged.

J SENTENCING

Odoki Ch.26

Ayume - Chapter 14

MCA Sections 162,164,165,172,173,175,186 and 192.

TIA Sections 96,98,99,102, 103,105,116,121,122

Judges’ Role in sentencing EACA 31

Various aspects of imprisonment system 2 EALJ 18

Law in one party State by Gorge (2) Prisons in Africa; Africa concord 1987 No.155 27th
May. What is wrong with Prisons: Special Report Sundary Stuward May, 27th, 1990
pg.15.
Bamugemereire J (2012) Sentencing A paper presented to Third Year Students of the
Bachelor of Laws Program (LL. B) at Makerere University.

CASES

1. Ug vs. Ali Naman Kakooba & Anor. [1976] HCB 262

2. Ug. vs. Kawesa [1979] HCB 171

3. Ug. vs. Okwang (1992-1993) HCB 62

4. Ug vs. Tukei [1974] HCB 127

5. Ug vs. Kiyimei [1986] HCB 26

6. Ug vs. Akaku (1992-93) HCB 49

7. Ug vs. Faibi Alum H.C.C Session Case No.14/96

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8. Ug vs. Omara (1992-93) HCB 77

9. Waswero and 2 others vs. Ug (1988-90) HCB 25

10. Ug vs. Katusabe (1988-90) HCB 59

11. Mohammed Yasin Sekayolo vs. Ug (1992) V KALR 107

12. Ug vs. Kankiriho James & Bateta Annet

13 Amos Binuge & Others v Uganda (1992-93) HCB 29

14 Uganda v Godfrey Kilama (1992-93) HCB 50

15 Uganda v RA 67828 CPL Lenox Omara (1992-93) HCB 77

16 Uganda v J. Kawesa & Another [1984] HCB 13

17 Uganda v Beneto Adrabo [1984] HCB 28

18 Criminal Revision No. 47 of 1980 [1981] HCB 6

19 Uganda v Bambeijo & Another [1981] HCB 4 (Manyindo, J Per Curiam)

20 Uganda v Ochola & 2 Others [1981] HCB 8

21. Uganda v Solomon Adoba & Another [1974] HCB 229

22. Amratlal v Uganda [1970] EA 401

23. Mahuku v Uganda [1970] HCB 495

24. Uganda v Fred Oyuku, Criminal Revision No. 16 of 1992

25. Uganda v Kamahanga, Criminal Revisional Order No. 2

26. Mukombe Moses V R S.C.C.A No. 12 OF 1995 Prayer for enhancement

of sentence- Whether that is possible in view that no cross appeal lies before court

27. Sula Kasiira V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 20 of 1993 Whether sentence

manifestly harsh and excessive

29. Bimbi Peter V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 33 of 1994 Sentence harsh but justified
in circumstances.

30. Adam Owonda V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 8 of 1994 Simple robbery- Given

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 8.5 yrs custodial sentence, 6 strokes of the cane and unspecified period of police
supervision- whether sentence manifestly excessive- whether compensation
necessary whereupon all stolen property were recovered by the police and
returned to the complainant.

31. Mutundi Richard V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 17 of 2004
Appeal against sentence

32. Uganda V Nabakoza Jackline & 9Ors H.C .Crim Rev. No. 8/2004
Custodial and maximum sentence

33. Barasa Samuel V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal appeal No.

294/2004 Sentence

34. Nyekikyire Moses V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No.

87/2003 Sentence

35. Wabuluku Johnson V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No.

158/2003 Sentence

36. Kemboi V R (2001) 1 EA 83 (CAK) Reduction of sentence- Whether court

can reconsider sentence of accused found guilty of some offence other than that
charged

37. Mawanda V Uganda (2000) 2 EA 444 (SCU) Appellant convicted of and

sentenced for lesser offence – whether conviction and sentence sustainable

38. Kizito V Uganda (2000) 2 EA 424 (SCU) Principles to consider in

sentencing- Account to be taken of time spent in lawful custody in
imposing term of imprisonment-Whether failure to repent could be treated
as aggravating factor in sentencing

39. Nfutimukiza V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 220(CAU) Severity of sentence- Exercise

of court discretion in determining sentence-Factors to be considered before
interfering with trial court discretion- Whether sentence was manifestly
excessive

40. Sande Martin V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 278 of 2008
[Sentence]

41. Abot Richard V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 190/2004
[Sentence].

42. Agabo Job V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 230/2003
Mitigating factors in sentence.

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43. Yunus Wanaba V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No.
156/2001 [Sentence]

44. Uganda V Kennedy Ovuru (1995) V KALR 11 Defilement 6yrs for first
offender –Whether excessive

45. Uganda V Kankiruho James & Anor (1996) 1 KALR 70 Theft of cattle c/s
255PC- Whether sentence of 18 month proper when no reasons are given for
the sentence

46. Eza Sebufu V Uganda (1995) V KALR 40 Embezzlement – Whether

sentence of 12 month illegal

47. Livingstone Kakooza V Uganda (1994) V KALR 54 –Principles of law in

sentencing – Whether lack of remorse after conviction was a proper
principle to take into account while sentencing. –Whether sentence of
20yrs imprisonment was life imprisonment.- Whether a life sentence was
excessive for a first offender convicted of manslaughter.

48. Somali Bamutiire & 2 Ors V Uganda(1994) VI KALR 164 –Period of

remand- Whether this includes period of detention in military and or police
custody in reckoning the period of sentence of imprisonment to be given.

49. Ziwa Mohammed V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 217 of 2003.
–Period spent on remand

50. Nyasio Bumali V Uganda Court of Appeal criminal Appeal No. 197 of 2003-
Sentence

51. Luggya Lawrence V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 325 of 2003-
Appeal against sentence
52. Guloba Muzamiru V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 6/2004 –Sentence should be
ascertainable and final
53. Sebule V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 22/2004 –Taking into account the period
which the accused has spent on remand

Factors to be considered in Sentencing

Prisoner’s Antecedents - meaning of:

1. Anyuma s/o Omolo and another vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 218

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2. R vs. John Mselamma [1967] HCB 145

3. Rashid s/o, Abdallah vs. R [1969] HCB 70.

4. Ug. vs. Mutebi Settumba (1986) HCB 13.

5. Nasamairei Nsubuga vs. R (1950) 17 EACA 130

For every count on which conviction is had there must be separate sentence
Omnibus sentences are unlawful;

1. Mohamed Warsama vs. R (1956) 23 EACA 576

2. Uganda v Pampilio Edebu [1979] HCB 209

3. Uganda v Rubarema (1972) II ULR 35

After conviction, the Judge or Magistrate has discretion to accept whatever

information he thinks fit. Such information need not be given unless the accused
challenges its accuracy.

4. Ruto Arap Lillygoi vs. R (1955) 22 EACA 541.

Previous Convictions

Only relevant where they preceded the date or commission of the offence in
question.

Ayume: pp.155-157

1. R vs. Musi s/o Usawale [1962] EA 499

2. Effect of L Sajile Salemu vs. Republic [1964] EA 341

3. Uganda vs. Edward Mutyaba [1971] 1 ULR 45

4. Ali Kiggundu v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 283 of 1973

5. Sebulini Zongoza v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 314 of 1969

Aggravating or Extenuating Circumstances

1. Santok Singh vs. R (1948) 15 EACA 97.

2. Hopley vs. R (1949) 16 EACA 110

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3. Baigunamu vs. Uganda (1972) 2 ULR 1

4. Uganda v Otim s/o Engodu [1980] HCB 2

5. Nkera v Uganda [1984] HCB 3

The Prevalence of the Crime - With which the accused is convicted may be a factor in
assessing the sentence to be imposed so long as it does not result in a convicted man
being made the scape goat of other people who has committed similar crimes but
have not been caught and convicted.

Taking other offences into account:

MCA: Section 133(2)

TIA S. 98(b)

R vs Gulamhussein [1959] EA 743

Preventive Detention

Habitual Criminals (Preventive Detention) Act (cap.118)

MCA: Section 163

Practice Note - Lord Parker CJ - Published in (1962) All E.R 672.

1. Stefano Ochaya vs. Uganda - High Court Cr. App. No.398 of 1964.

2. Francis Othieno vs. Uganda - High Court Cr. App. 236 of 1970/ M.B. 113/70

3. Jovamu vs. Ug.

4. R vs Mclean (1911) 1 KB 332

5. R vs Webb (1953) 1 ALL ER 1156

6. Mahuku v Uganda [1970] HCB 495

7. Ojok v Uganda [1970] EA 575

Imprisonment

1. Uganda v Kunobwa Deo, Criminal Revisional Order No. 6 of 1991

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2. Shabani Mugabi V Uganda (1995) III KALR 87 Theft C/S 252PCA-Whether a
sentence of 12month imprisonment for a person who has pleaded guilty is
excessive.

3. Uganda V Kilama Kennedy (1995) III KALR 82 Stealing from a person C/S 252 &
256(a) PCA-Whether 19 month imprisonment was harsh.

4. Deo Bakyenga V Uganda (1995) III KALR 77 Causing financial loss C/S 258PCA-
Whether sentence of 20 month was illegal

5. Leonard Muyingo V Uganda (1995) II KALR 63 Issuing a bouncing cheques C/S

364(i)(b) PCA-Whether sentence of 6yrs imprisonment was harsh and excessive

6. Uganda V Omach Richard (1995) II KALR 133 Being carried in a dangerous

position C/S 133(1) & 138 Traffic and Road Safety Act- Whether the default of 30
days was lawful

7. Mukasa Deogratius V Uganda (1995) II KALR 52 14yrs imprisonment for

defilement-Whether excessive

8. Leo Byaruhanga V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 7 Defilement C/S 123 PCA- Whether
sentence of 10yrs imprisonment excessive.

9. Gwasa Daniel Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 17 Defilement C/S 123PCA –Whether

sentence of 16yrs imprisonment excessive where the appellant was convicted on
his own plea of guilty.

10. Bwimbi Peter V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 34 Defilement C/S 123PCA-Whether

sentence of 15yrs imprisonment plus 10 strokes of the cane was excessive

11. Mohammed Kasoma V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 37 Defilement C/S 123PCA –

Whether sentence of 9.5yrs excessive

12. Sam Buteera V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 43 Whether sentence of 12yrs

imprisonment plus 12 strokes excessive was rightly passed

13. John Baptist Kibuka V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 162 –Defilement C/S 123 PCA –
Whether sentence of 25yrs imprisonment with 6 strokes of the cane plus police
supervision for 5yrs upon completion of sentence was excessive.

14. Stephen Batumbia V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 49 Attempted theft C/S 370 & 25
PCA-Whether sentence of 12month imprisonment harsh

15. Eriya Ngambeki V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 84-Causing grievous harm C/S 212 PCA-
Obstructing police officer in due execution of his duties C/S 106 PCA – Appellant
65yrs old –Whether 2yrs sentence excessive and harsh.

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16. Moses Ganya V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 65 Procuring a document by false
pretencesC/S 332PCA-Whether a sentence of 12month imprisonment excessively
harsh for an accused of advanced age

Consecutive & Concurrent

Ayume pg.161-162.

1. Godfrey Peter Jeils vs. R [1971] HCB 468

2. Robert s/o Nyangan vs. R [1967] HCB 20

3. Kisherilel Dhamirani Agganwal R [1968] HCB 281

4. R vs Oyunya [1970] EA 78

5. Muinin vs R [1973] HCB 86

6. Shikowaya vs R [1970] HCB 399

7. Uganda v C. Aguti w/o Olipa & Another, Criminal Revision No. 91 of 1991

8. Kagube Mohammed V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 1 Theft of cattle C/S 255 PCA-
Main and alternative counts-Whether the omnibus sentence on both the main
and alternative count illegal

K FINES

MCA: Section 192(2), 199 and 197

Ayume: Ch14 pg. 166-168

TIA: Sections 110 and 128

The English Sentencing System by Rupert Cross

1. R vs. Lewis [1965] Cr. L.R 21

2. Kango vs. R (1947) 22 (2) KLR 49

3. R vs. Ali Suleiman [1961] EA 538

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4. Seth vs R [1962] EA 523

5. R vs Retilale Lakhani [1958] EA 140

7. Uganda v Batulumayo Kawesa [1979] HCB 171

8. Uganda v Rumanyika, Criminal Revision No. 4 of 1993

9. Uganda v Abdu Sendawula, Criminal Revision Order No. 3 of 1993

10. Tom bwete V Uganda (1995) V KALR 1 Uttering a false document C/S330PCA-
Whether the sentence of a fine was illegal because not provided for under the
section

11. Yakubu Nabala V Uganda (1995) II KALR 124 Sentencing to imprisonment and fine
in default- Whether sentence proper –Accessory after the fact C/S 378 PCA-
Whether 6 month excessive

12. Uganda V Obita Christopher (1995) VI KALR 11 –Whether a trial magistrate may
sentence the accused to a fine beyond the one prescribed- Alternative charges-
Whether a convict may be sentenced to either pay a fine or to imprisonment

L ORDERS RELATED TO SENTENCING

Costs

Ayume: Ch.15

MCA: Section 195,198

TIA: Section 125,127

1. Uganda vs. Kezironi Bushaija [1973] ULR 40

2. Uganda vs. Mathorny Celestine Rumanyika, Crim. Rev. No. 676 of 1971.

3. Uganda vs. Bernard Ketarama Katarikawe Crim. App. No. 676 of 1970
(unreported).

4. Municipal Council of Dar-es-Salaam vs. Almeida and others [1975] EA

244; 2 TLR 53.

Compensation

Ayume pp.178 - 183

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MCA: Section 196,197 & 198

TIA: Section 126 & 128

Penal Code: Sections 123, 154, 259 & 273.

1. Uganda vs. Silvano Okanytho, Crim. Rev. 239 of 1975 (unreported)

2. Harning & Others vs. Republic [1972] EA 133

3. Uganda vs. Isaya Wabwire Crim. Rev. No.558 of 1970 (unreported)

4. R vs. Dunn [1965] EA 56

5. Uganda vs John Olwenyi (1971) 2 ULR 39

6. Elia Tabu v Uganda, Criminal Revisional Order No. 13 of 1991

7. John Mayengo V Uganda (1995) V KALR 131 Sentence of 7yrs imprisonment

for 7yrs imprisonment for an offence of grievous harm- whether sentence
excessive-Order of Compensation-indigent appellant- whether order
unreasonable

9. Kasssim Mpanga V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 1 –Blanket order of

compensation- Whether order of compensation illegal because not
specified in respect of which count order made

10. John Mayengo V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 165 Whether sentence to pay
compensation unreasonable because appellant indigent.

11. Sula Kasiira V Uganda (1994) V KALR 115-Compensation robbery U/S 273(3)
PCA-Whether order of compensation properly imposed where trial court
ordered convict to pay money value of stolen items. –Police supervision U/S
123TIA-Whether order properly imposed-Simple robbery C/S272 &273
(1)(b)PCA-10yrs imprisonment whether excessive.

Restitution

Odoki: ch.29 pg.168-169

Ayume: pg. 183-185

MCA: Section 202

TID: Section 131

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Reconciliation

Ayume: pg.185-188

MCA: Section 160

1. R vs. Olworo Benjamin Crim. Rev. No.661 of 1976 (unreported)

2. R vs. Saide Ibrahim [1960] EA 1058

3. Uganda vs. Zadoki Olowo Crim. Rev. No.745 of 1969 (unreported)

4. Ug. vs. Kapere [1978]HCB 10

5. Uganda V Swaibu Mukidadi & Anor (1995) II KALR 135 Demanding money
with menaces C/S 279PCA-Whether offence not amenable to reconciliation U/S 156
MCA

Forfeiture

Ayume: pg.188 -

Odoki: ch.9, pg.173

MCA: Section 202

TIA: Section 131

1. Michola K. Musoke vs Uganda Crim. Rev. No.216 of 1967

2. Shadrack Kibai vs. R (1954) 21 EACA 604

3. Charles Eweku V Uganda S.C.C.A No.13/90-Whether an order of

forfeiture could be validly made where the appellant has been
acquitted of theft

Binding Over Order

MCA: Sections 202 & 203

TIA: Sections 119 & 121

1. Joseph Nsubuga vs. Uganda M.B. 133/67; Misc. Crim. App. No. 147-149 0f 1976

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 (unreported)

Probation

Children Act cap 59

Probation Act (Cap.122)

Ayume: pp.168-204

Odoki: ch.9, pg.173

1. Uganda vs. Debu s/o Albino Andura Crim. Rev. No.275 of 1971
(unreported).

2. Uganda vs. Henry Kayondo [1975] EA 269

3. R. vs. Patrick Matata (1967) HCB 413

4. Amarali Rashidi Raswani vs. R (1967) HCB 205

5. Reventinate Tomimati Magisto vs. R (1968) HCB 154

6. R vs. Hasham [1971] EA 348

7. R V Bukuku (1995-1998) 1 EA 286 What to consider in imposing

sentence on juvenile offenders.

Conditional Discharge

MCA: S.202 and TIA S. 118

1. R vs. Alli s/o Saidi (1967) HCB 364

2. R vs. John Charles Haule (1969) HCB 210

M CRIMINAL APPEALS AND REVISION

Appellate Jurisdiction of Courts in Uganda

Resistance Committee (Judicial Powers) Statute 1988.

MCA Section 204

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The Constitution of 1995, Article 130-145

Trial on Indictment Act S.132

CASES

1. SGT. Kalemera Frank V R S.C.C.A No.18/1994 Sentenced by the general cort

martial –Original appeal to the court of Appeal dismissed-Whether appeal lies
properly before the supreme court –What constitutional provisions are
applicable to the appeal
2. Kassim Mpanga V Uganda S.C.C.A. No. 30/1994-Ground of appeal raised new
issue not convassed in first appeal
3. Shaban Birumbi & Anor V Uganda S.C.C.A No.32/1989-Notice given to review
own court decision.
4. Ndungu V R (2003) 1 EA 197 (CAK) Whether appeal arising from conviction for
capital offences may be summarily rejected-Whether high court has jurisdiction
to reject appeal which raises points of law
5. Omiat V Uganda (2003) 1 EA 226 (SCU) Record of appeal-Omission ofpart of
proceedings-Whether such omission proper or leads to failure of justice
6. Elirema & Anor V R (2003) 1 EA 50 (CAK) Points raised for the first time on
appeal-Whether court can validily deal with points
7. Kerekona V Uganga (2000) 1 EA 105 (SCU) Lower court making a fundamental
mistake in conduct of proceedings-whether fundamental defect precluding
appellate court from deciding on appeal relying on the lower court proceedings
other than to order a retrial or grant an acquttal
8. Semande V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 321 (SCU) Death of appellant- Whether appeal
should be struck out
9. R V Kenya Post AND Telecommunications (1999) 1 EA 250 Record of appeal-
Order extracted with defects- Whether mistakes curable- Whether appeal
incurably incompetent
10. Mkurya V R (1995-1998) 1 EA 194 (CAT) Second appeal- When does it lie-
Whether court can test sufficiency of evidence if etsablished that there was some
evidence to support a finding of fact
11. Kamori Johnson V Uganda (1995) V KALR 57 Fresh evidence on appeal- whether
admissible
12. Shaban Mugabi V Uganda (1995) III KALR 87 Whether where a person pleads
guilty he is precluded from appealing against conviction
13. Uganda V Kilama Kennedy (1995) III KALR 83 Failure to record offence subject of
conviction C/S 133 (3) MCA- Whether this mistake was a subject of revision order
14. Steven Mugume & Fred Mutumba V Uganda (1995) II KALR 8 Appeal on acquttal
and appeal by the appellant on conviction- Procedure to be followed- Whether
both appeals may be consolidated or whether each appeal should stand
separately
15. Yakubu Nabala V uganda (1995) II KALR 124 Plea of guilty- Appeal gainst
conviction s. 216 (3) MCA- Whether appeal tenable

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16. Kassim Mpanga V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 1 Whether second appellate court may
entertain ground of appeal that was not raised in the first appellate court
17. Karim Bagenda & Ors V Uganda (1994) V KALR 43 Whether court has jurisdiction
to entertain appeal when there has been no conviction in the trial court.

RIGHT OF APPEAL

“Appeal is the creation of statute. Even the state has no right of appeal unless such
right is clearly given.”

1. Republic vs. Dunn [1965] EA 567

2. Uganda v Hon. P.K. Semogerere & 2 Others [1985] HCB 4

3. Uganda vs. Inansio Lule. [1975] EA 362: (1973) 1 ULR 8.

4. Uganda v Thomas Baguma, Criminal Revision No. 371 of 1969

5. Francis Mbazira v Uganda, Criminal Revision No.42 of 1992

6. Charles Harry Twagirw V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 27 of 2003 Whether right of

appeal lies against an interlocutory order of a magistrate court

From Magistrates’ Courts - S.204 MCA

1. From Grades II and III to CM’s Court on a matter of law as well as of fact - by ANY
PERSON Convicted. But where convicted on a plea of guilty appeal lies only
against sentence.

2. From CM’s court and that of Grade 1 to the High Court - on a matter of fact as
well as of law - by any person convicted.

3. But i) where convicted on plea of guilty appeal lies only against sentence.

4. Even then no appeal against sentence if the sentence it is one of the month’s
imprisonment or a FINE not exceeding shs.100/-

5. Where an accused has been acquitted.

6. May appeal or section an appeal on the grounds that it is erroneous in law -

S.216 (5) MCA. This means a complainant, however, aggrieved, cannot appeal on
his own.

7. Also NOTE that the DPP has:

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 (i) A right of appeal in a case where costs have been awarded under
section 207 MCA - See subsection (5).

(ii) If aggrieved by an order of compensation made under S.209 MCA

has a right of appeal - See sub-section (4)

8. U vs. AC. Rumanyika Crim. Rev. NC 773/71

From verdict of High Court of Appeal Section 131 of TIA

Where a person is convicted and sentenced to death or convicted and sentenced to
imprisonment for more than 12 months; or convicted and fined more than
shs.2,000/- an appeal lies against convicted on question of law or fact or of mixed
law and fact. But as against sentence an appeal lies only with leave of the Court of
Appeal.

Where a person is convicted and sentenced to 12 months or less; or convicted and

sentenced to a fine exceeding shs.200/- an appeal lies against conviction only with
leave of the Court of Appeal or upon a certificate of the trial that it is a fit case for
appeal.

NOTE: That even if the sentence is a fine not exceeding shs.200 the Court of Appeal
or the trial judge may grant leave or certificate, as the case may be, if, in their own
opinion the case involves a question of law of great importance.

Until recently, the DPP and no right of appeal on acquittal. This means he could not
appeal against the decision of a High Court Judge acquitting an accused. But now by
virtue of an amendment effected by Act No.5 of 1985 under section 133A of the TID,
the DPP may appeal against such finding on the ground that the appeal involves a
point of law of public importance. But this does not deter an order of trial cause.

Appeal in case referred to a Chief Magistrate for sentence S.160 MCA.

Remember that Magistrate Grade I, II and III have power in appropriate case to
commit a person convicted by them to the appropriate Chief Magistrate for
sentencing.

But the MCA, the CPC and TID say nothing about the right of appeal of an accused
whose case has been committed to Chief Magistrate for sentencing.

Appeal against special finding of the High Court

Section 133, 48(1) TIA

A person in whose case a special finding is made has a right of appeal to the Court of
Appeal on a question of law and fact.

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Court of Appeal shall allow the appeal if it thinks that the special finding should be
set aside on the following grounds:

If it is unreasonable or could not be supported having regard to the evidence

or that the decision is wrong on a question it has in fact caused a miscarriage of

justice.

or on any other ground if the court is satisfied that there has been miscarriage of
justice.

NOTICE that special funding means a finding that the accused is not guilty of an
offence by reason of insanity or that he is guilty of murder but with diminished
responsibility subsection (5).

COMMENCEMENT

Appeal to commence by NOTICE in writing signed by the appellant or his advocate

and shall be lodged with the registrar within 14 days of delivery of judgment section
326(1) CPC.

Uganda v M.S. Sebagala [1984] HCB 8

Notice of appeal to state briefly the effect of the judgment or order appealed against
and must contain:

Full and sufficient address at which relevant documents should be served on

appellant or his advocate;

Should state the general grounds of appeal unless appellant first wishes to peruse
judgment before formulating the grounds subsection (2).

Where judgment required first, grounds must be lodged with registrar within 14 days
of service of judgment represented by counsel or appeal is by the DPP include
particulars of the matters of law or of fact decided upon by the lower court.

NOTE - A ground of appeal that the judgment was a nullity against the weight of
evidence is not a good ground of appeal.
See:
1. Alesure v R (1956) AC 49
2. P. Osiya vs. R, High Court Cr. App. No.3 of 1985 (unreported)

Extension of time for appealing:

1. For good cause shown period within which to appeal may be extended -
subsection (6).

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2. Application for extension - to be made to the registrar of the appellate court in
writing supported by as affidavit specifying grounds for the application S.326A (1)
CPC.

3. “Good Cause” :
DPP vs. Haji Zedi Semogoya & Another Misc. Cr. App. No.172 of 1973.
Andrew Gitau Kimani v Uganda (1992-93) HCB 1
P. Nyehangane & Aother v Uganda [1977] HCB

Appeal may be ABANDONED by notice in writing to the registrar before hearing and
on receipt of such notice appeal will be deemed to have been dismissed by the
appellant court - S.328 (A) (3).

DETERMINATION OF APPEAL
Number of Judges
Ayume: ch.16-21
On appeal to the High Court, it will be one or more judges and the CJ directs a
decision by majority. If equally divided appeal stands dismissed - S.335 CPC.

NB - Notice withstanding the amendment in the Criminal procedure Code

(Amendment) Act - No.23/69 criminal appeals are still to be heard by one judge.
On appeal to Court of Appeal - Judicature Act 1996.
Court of appeal shall be duly constituted consists of an uneven number, not being
less than three, of Judges of the Court.” Decision of the court is by the majority
opinion.

Powers of appellate court

Odoki: pg.184 -185 Ayume pg.213.
Mitoto S. Oketch v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 2of 1995
Summary dismissal of appeal - S.329 CPC
From Conviction - S.331 (1) & (2) CPC
From Acquittals - S.331A CPC
Any others - S.331B CPC

Procedure and Principles

Ayume: pg.214

A first appeal is by way of re-hearing Evidence to be subjected to a fresh and

exhausting scrutiny and appellate court to draw its own inference and conclusions -
appellant entitled to this treatment of the evidence.

1. Selle v Associated Motor Boat Co. [1968] EA 123, at pg.126.

2. Abbasi Ssali & Kasendwa V R. S.C.C.A No. 7/98 –Failure by the first appellate
court to subject the adduced evidence at trial to fresh scrutiny and evaluation.

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3. Kifamunte Henry V Uganda S.C.C.A No.10/1997- First appellate court to subject
the whole evidence to fresh scrutiny and evaluation.
4. Onzima Yunus V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 35/1994-Overall evaluation of evidence
allowed conviction to stand
5. Omusa V Republc (2003) 1 EA 202 (CAK) Duty of the appellate court to analyse
and re-evaluate evidence-Failure to subject evidence to fresh scrutiny-Whether
miscarriage of justice occasioned
6. Wavamuno V Uganda (2001) EA 608 (SCU) First appellate court- Duty to review
and appraisal of evidence adduced at trial- Whether court of appeal had
conducted an adequate review of trial court proceedings.
7. Mulewa and Another V Republic (2002) 2 EA 487 (CAK) Disappearance of trial
court and police files prior to hearing of appeal- Application to acquit appellant-
Whether in circumstances acquittal would serve interest of justice.
8. Mukungu V R (2002) 2 EA 482 (CAK) Whether court on second appeal can
entertain matters other than law
9. Mwaniki V R (2001) 1 EA 158 (CAK) Duty of first appellate court-whether
appellate judge sufficiently reviewed evidence adduced at trial
10. Kisembo V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 158 (SCU) Duty of court of appeal on evidence-
Supreme court- Whether supreme court may re-evaluate evidence on appeal
11. Mudasi V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 193 (SCU) Duty of court of appeal in dealing with
evidence on appeal
12. Nyanzi V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 228 (SCU) Duty of the appellate court to evaluate
the evidence
13. Dhalay V R (1995-1998) 1 EA 29 (CAK) Duty of first appellate court- Appellate
court obliged to reconsider evidence and draw its own conclusion thereon.

Note: Trial Court’s findings as to CREDIBILITY based largely on the

demeanor of a witness not to be reversed unless trial court has drawn
a wrong inference from facts.
ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE

Odoki: pg.183

Ayume: pg.215
Appellate Court has power to receive additional evidence which it
considers necessary for determination of the appeal.

NB: the power is discretionary.

Should be exercising to elucidate evidence already given or record.

1. R vs. Yakobo (1954) 12 EACA 20.

2. R vs. Sirasi (1936) 3 EACA 40.

3. Abdalla Nassur v Uganda (1992-93) HCB 4

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 But see generally:
1. Okwonga A v U SCCRA No. 20 of 2020 (Supreme Court)
2. Festo Androa Asenua & Anor. v U SCCRA No. 1 of 1998
3. Bogere Moses v U SCCRA No. 1 of 1997
4. Kifamunte Henry v U SCCRA No. 10 of 1997
5. Mulindwa Samuel v U SCCRA No. 41 of 2000
6. Sharma Kooky & Anor. v U SCCRA No. 44 of 2000
7. Ssegonja Paul v U SCCRA No. 42 of 2000
8. Okwang Peter v U CACRA No. 104 of 1999
9. Twinomugisha Alex & 2 Ors v U CACRA No. 107 of 2001
10. James Kolo v U CACRA No. 8 of 1996
11. Zita Jackson v U SCCRA No. 19 of 1995
12. Sajjabi Siraj v U SCCRA No. 31 of 1989
13. Sawoabiri & Anor. v U SCCRA No. 5 of 1990

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