Demographics

Main articles: Demographics of Canada and List of cities in Canada

Canada population density map (2014)[324]

The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an
increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure.[325] It is estimated that Canada's
population surpassed 40,000,000 in 2023.[326] The main drivers of population growth
are immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth.[327] Canada has one of the
highest per-capita immigration rates in the world,[328] driven mainly by economic
policy and also family reunification.[329][330] A record 405,000 immigrants were admitted
to Canada in 2021.[331] Canada leads the world in refugee resettlement; it resettled
more than 28,000 in 2018.[332] New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas in
the country, such as Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.[333]
Canada's population density, at 4.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (11/sq mi), is
among the lowest in the world.[325] Canada spans latitudinally from the 83rd parallel
north to the 41st parallel north and approximately 95 percent of the population is
found south of the 55th parallel north.[334] About 80 percent of the population lives
within 150 kilometres (93 mi) of the border with the contiguous United States.
[335]
Canada is highly urbanized, with over 80 percent of the population living urban
centres.[336] The most densely populated part of the country, accounting for nearly 50
percent, is the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor in Southern Quebec and Southern
Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.[337][334]
The majority of Canadians (81.1 percent) live in family households, 12.1 percent
report living alone, and those living with other relatives or unrelated persons reported
at 6.8 percent.[338] Fifty-one percent of households are couples with or without
children, 8.7 percent are single-parent households, 2.9 percent are multigenerational
households, and 29.3 percent are single-person households.[338]