GLOBAL MIGRATION

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify the reasons for the migration of people;
2. explain why states regulate migration; and
3. discuss the effects of global migration on the economic well-being of states.
WHAT IS MIGRATION?

• It refers to the movement from one part of something

to another.
• Human migration refers to the movement of people
from one place to another with the intentions of
settling, permanently or temporarily at a new location
 TYPES OF MIGRATION

Internal migration refers to people moving from one area to

another within one country
International migration refers to people who cross borders of
one country to another.
TYPES OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

1. Immigrants
2. Workers
3. Illegal migrants
4. Migrants
5. Refugees or Asylum-seekers
ABOUT MIGRANTS

• 247 million people – living outside their countries

• 90% - moved for economic reasons, 10% refugees or asylum-
seekers
• Top 3 regions of origins – Latin America (18%), Eastern Europe
and Central Asia (16%), Middle East and North Africa (14%)
ABOUT MIGRANTS

• Per Country – India, Mexico, and China were leading while the
Philippines and Afghan rank 6th
• Top 10 Destinations – West, Middle East, US at the top of the list
• 50% of global migrants moved from developing to the developed zones of
the world; they contribute from 40-80% of their work force
Are migrants assets or liabilities to national
development?
MIGRANT CONTRIBUTION TO DESTINATION
COUNTRY IN 2015
Country Contribution Percentage of GDP

United States $2 trillion 11 percent

Germany $550 billion 17 percent

United Kingdom $390 billion 14 percent

Australia $330 billion 25 percent

Canada $320 billion 21 percent

ANTI-IMMIGRANTS

Anti-immigrants and nationalists argue that government must

control legal immigrants and put a stop of illegal entry of
foreigners
Pres. Donald Trump and UK Prime Minister Theresa May –
reverse existing pro-immigration and refugee-sympathetic
policies
BENEFITS AND DETRIMENTS FOR THE SENDING
COUNTRIES
• 90% generated by migrant workers remains in the host country. However,
migrants sent billions back to their countries
• In 2014, remittance totaled $580 billion. India- $70 billion, China - $62
billion, Philippines - $28 billion, Mexico - $25 billion
• Remittances –change economic and social standing of migrants’ family,
purchasing power of migrants’ family double
BENEFITS AND DETRIMENTS FOR THE SENDING
COUNTRIES

• ADB – remittances help lifting household poverty but not in

rebalancing growth especially in the long run.
• Global migration is siphoning qualified personnel, removing
dynamic workers. This process is known as brain drain
THE PROBLEM OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

• US Federal Bureau of Investigation lists human trafficking third criminal

activity worldwide
• 2012 – 21 million men, women, children are victims of forced labor
• Human trafficking – very profitable earning syndicates, smugglers, and
corrupt officials profits $150 billion a year in 2014
Global migration entails the globalization of
people and like the broader globalization it is
uneven.