UNIT VI

GLOBAL MIGRATION
 UNLOCKING  Key Terms
DIFFICULTIES
 •Migration- the movement of people from
one another from one place to another with
the intent to settle.
 •Immigrants- a person who comes to live
permanently in a foreign country.
 •Refugees- are people who have fled war,
violence, conflict or persecution and have
crossed an international border to find safety
in another country.
 INTRODUCTION
Migration, the movement of people, has occurred as
long as mankind existed. It is linked with global
issues including economic growth, poverty and
human rights. Migration can have many social and
economic benefits but also present challenges.
Population migration is an important issue for
planners locally and nationally.
 INTRODUCTION
Locally, changes in the size and composition of
populations and relative movement between areas impact
on the need for services including housing, social work,
health, education, employment and training. This unit
will discuss the different aspects of global migration and
factors of migrating.
 CATEGORIES OF
MIGRATION
CIRCULAR IRREGULA
MIGRATIO R
N MIGRATIO
N
FORCED
MIGRATIO
N
CIRCULAR MIGRATION
the often but not necessarily voluntary movement of
migrants between countries. Circular migrants include
workers who are brought in to satisfy a host country’s labor
demands. Labor migration such as this tends to be regulated
by governments.

FORCE MIGRATION
Is not voluntary but rather necessary for survival.
Those in this category include refugee victims of
displacement, natural disaster, warfare and
famine.
IRREGULAR MIGRATION
is a process by which migrants enter a
host country illegally, that is, without
the proper documentation or without
following the regulated channels.
Lecture: Migration

Geographers study from where people migrate, to

where they migrate and why they migrate.
Migration- the movement of people from one place
to another with the intent settle.
Emigration- is the process by which people leave a
country to settle in another country.
Lecture: Migration

Immigration- is the movement of a people into a

country to settle.

Net Migration- the difference between the number

of the immigrants and the number of the emigrants.
Lecture: Migration

•If the number of immigrants is higher, net

migration is POSITIVE or known as NET
IN-MIGRATION

•If the number of emigrants is higher, net

migration is NEGATIVE or known as
NET OUT-MIGRATION
REASONS FOR MIGRATING
PUSH FACTOR- induces people to move out of
their current location

PULL FACTOR- induces people to move into a

new location
 3 MAJOR KINDS OF PUSH AND PULL FACTORS
1.

ECONOMI
C

2.
CULTURA
L
3.
ENVIRONMENTAL
 ECONOMIC PUSH AND PULL
FACTORS
 •Most common reason for migrating
 •Move to places tat seen to have
opportunity and out of places that have
very little
 •US and Canada historically have had
many immigrants come for opportunity
 •Relative attractiveness of a region can
shift with economic change
 CULTURAL PUSH AND PULL
FACTORS
 •Forced international migration is a cultural
push factor
ex : slavery and political instability
 •Ethnic segregation and wars cause people to
migrate
 Refugees- people who have been forced to
migrate from their homes and cannot return for
fear of prosecution due to their race, religion,
nationality, or political opinion. (Refugees have
no home unless another country agrees to take
them in)
 2 largest refugee group are: Palestinians and
Afghans
ENVIRONMENTAL PUSH AND PULL
FACTORS

 •Pushed out of hazardous regions-pulled

into attractive ones
 •Attractive areas would include: mountains,
beach, and warm climates
 •Too little or too much water is a major
push factor
-Drought and floodplains.
-An area subject to flooding during a
specific number of years
Internal Migration

 Permanent movement within the same

country
 Adheres to the idea of distance decay
 The farther a place is located the less
likely people will migrate there.
 Explains why there are more internal
migrants than international migrants
 Easier because there is less culture
shock
2 TYPES OF INTERNAL MIGRATION

Interregional migration
- movement from one region of a
country to another.
Intraregional migration
-movement within one region
-Intraregional is usually within
urban areas
International Migration

 Permanent movement from one country to another

2 types
 Voluntary migration- migrant has chosen to move
for economic improvement.
 Forced migration- migrant has been compelled to
move by cultural factors.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
 Historically,MIGRANTS
males were more likely than females
to migrant internationally
 Because men worked more than women and left
to find job opportunities  
 Most long distance migrants are young adults
seeking work –not children or elderly
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
 40% of US MIGRANTS
immigrants are between 25 and 39
(that demographic is only 23% of entire us pop.)
 Only 5% of immigrants are over 65
 16% are under 15 – this number is on the rise
UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRATION
 immigration to another country without
proper legal documents
 AKA unauthorized immigrants

TEMPORARY MIGRATION FOR

WORK
 guest workers from poor countries who obtain jobs in
Europe and The Middle East
 take low status and low-skilled jobs that lokal residents
won't take
 helps the native country too
 lower unemployment and large % of pays gets infused in
lokal economy  as money gets sent home to families
CULTURAL PROBLEMS FACED
WHILE LIVING IN OTHER
COUNTRIES
 Citizens of host countries are not always
accepting of new comers' because of cultural
differences
 Immigrants are often used as scapegoats by local
politicians to explain local economic problems.