JAPAN

UNITED KINGDOM
GERMANY
CANADA
SWITZERLAND
PHILIPPINES
 GLOBAL
MIGRATION

C O N T E M P O R A RY W O R L D
AT THE END OF THIS LESSON, YOU
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
• identify the reasons for the migration of people;
• explain why states regulate migration; and
• discuss the effects of global migration on the
economic well-being of states.
DO YOU WANT TO MOVE
TO ANOTHER PLACE?
WHAT IS MIGRATION?

It involves the movement of people from one place to

another with intentions of settling, permanently or
temporarily, at a new location.
TWO TYPES OF MIGRATION:
• INTERNAL MIGRATION, which refers to people
moving from one area to another within one country;
and

• INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, in which

people cross borders of one country to another.
FIVE GROUPS OF INTERNATIONAL
MIGRATION
• Immigrants
• Workers who stay in another country for a fixed period
• Illegal migrants
• Migrants whose families have “petitioned”
• Refugees (also known as asylum-seekers)
 DEMOGRAPHERS ESTIMATE…
281 million people are currently living outside the countries of
their birth

12%

88%

ECONOMIC REASONS REFUGEES

As of year 2020 (United Nations)

TOP THREE REGIONS OF ORIGIN…

1. Latin America (18 percent)

2. Eastern Europe and Central Asia (16 percent)
3. Middle East and North Africa (14 percent)
ON A PER COUNTRY BASIS…

• India -18 million

• Philippines - 12 million
• Mexico and Russian Federation - 11 million
• China - 10 million
• Syria - 8 million
As of year 2020 (United Nations)
FIRST-GENERATION IMMIGRANTS
CONSTITUTE
• 13% population in Western Europe
• 15% population in North America
• 48% population in the GCC countries
 TABLE 1: MIGRATION CONTRIBUTION TO
DESTINATION COUNTRY, IN DOLLARS AND AS
PERCENTAGE OF NATIONAL GDP, 2015
Country Contribution Percentage of GDP

United States $2 trillion 11 %

Germany $ 550 billion 17 %

United Kingdom $ 390 billion 14 %

Australia $ 330 billion 25 %

Canada $ 320 billion 21 %

MIGRANT INFLUX

ASSETS
OR
LIABILITIES
BENEFITS AND
DETRIMENTS FOR
THE SENDING
COUNTRIES
 ($28 billion)
2014
REMITTANCES
education
lifting
out of
health care
poverty

siphoning
qualified
personnel
BRAIN DRAIN removing
dynamic young
workers
THE PROBLEM OF HUMAN
TRAFFICKING
• Third largest criminal activity worldwide
• International Labour Organization (ILO) identified
21 million men, women, and children as victims of
"forced labor,“
• Human trafficking has been very profitable, earning
syndicates, smugglers, and corrupt state officials
CONCLUSION

Global migration entails the globalization of people. And

like the broader globalization process, it is uneven. Some
migrants experience their movement as a liberating process.
A highly educated professional may find moving to another
country financially rewarding. At the other end, a victim of
sex trafficking may view the process of migration as
dislocating and disempowering.