PRACTICE PROBLEMS - POWER PLANT WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY

1. A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting diesel engine is rated

at 150 kW at 260 rpm. Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.26 kg/kW-
hr with a heating value of 43,912kJ/kg. Calculate the brake thermal
efficiency.
a) 31.5%
b) 41.5%
c) 21.5%
d) 35.5%

2. A 500 kW diesel has a heat rate of 12,000 kJ/kW-hr. The compression

ratio is 16:1, cut-off ratio of 2.3. Assume k= 1.32. Calculate the
engine efficiency based on the output of 500 Kw.
a) 57.75%
b) 67.78%
c) 47.77%
d) 37.67%

3. A 900 bhp Diesel engine uses fuel oil of 28o API gravity, fuel
consumption is 0.70 lb/bhp-hr. Cost of fuel is P26.5 per liter. For
continuous operation, determine the minimum volume of cubical day
tank in cm3 if ambient temperature is 42 degrees Celsius.
a) 7,872,000
b) 6,287,000
c) 7,278,682
d) 6,902,631

4. Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the constant pressure

cycle at 1 bar 21 oC and compressed to 5.7 bar. The temperature at
the end of heat supply is 680 oC. Taking expansion and compression
to be adiabatic where Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg-K,
calculate the heat energy supplied per kg at constant pressure.
a) 453.72 kJ/kg
b) 437.52 kJ/kg
c) 472.34 kJ/kg
d) 469.25 kJ/kg

5. Air enters the combustion chamber of a gas turbine unit at 550 kPa,
227 oC and 43 m/s. The products of combustion leave the combustor
at 517 kPa, 1007 oC and 140 m/s. Liquid fuel enters with a heating
value of 43,000 kJ/kg. The combustor efficiency is 95%. What is the
air-fuel ratio?
a) 39.68 kga/kgf
b) 47.85 kga/kgf
c) 44.95 kga/kgf
d) 35.39 kga/kgf
6. The net power output of an air-standard Brayton cycle is 200 kW.
Air enters the compressor at 32 oC and leaves the high-temperature
heat exchanger at 800 oC. What is the mass flow rate of air if it
leaves the turbine at 350 oC?
a) 0.685 kg/s
b) 0.586 kg/s
c) 0.865 kg/s
d) 0.568 kg/s

7. A gas turbine power plant operates on a Brayton cycle delivers

20,000 kW to an electric generator. The maximum temperature is 1200
K and the maximum pressure is 380 kPa. Minimum temperature of the
cycle is 20 0C and the minimum pressure of the cycle is 95 kPa.
Other information are as follows: k = 1.4, R = 0.286 kJ/kg-K, Cp =
1 kJ/kg-K. Determine the following:
a. Mass flow rate
b. Compressor brake work if the combined compressor internal and
mechanical efficiency is 80%.
c. Turbine brake work if the combined turbine internal and
mechanical ef-ficiency is 85%.
d. Compressor capacity.

8. A split shaft marine gas turbine has a power turbine rated at 15,000
internal horsepower. Typical operating conditions for the unit are:
compressor inlet 14.5 psia and 60°F; compressor discharge 174 psia
and 716 F. Compressor turbine inlet 171 psia and 1630 F and power
turbine exhaust 14.8 psia and 760 F. The compressor turbine at the
above rating has an 85% isentropic turbine efficiency. For these
rated conditions, calculate the compressor turbine power output in
horsepower.
a) 43,189.1
b) 44,899.9
c) 45,981.3
d) 46,188.3

9. A gas turbine operating in an ideal open cycle is served by a

compressor which receives air at 15 psia, 80°F and delivers it to
the combustion chamber at 60 psia. Three hundred Btu are added at
constant pressure to each pound of air in the combustion chamber.
Using the Air Tables calculate the the turbine work in Btu/lb.
a) 145.7
b) 127.7
c) 156.7
d) 186.7
10. The bore and stroke of a supercharged 6-cylinder 4-stroke cycle
Diesel engine are as follows, 4 1/8 in. and 5.0 in. respectively.
It has a compression ratio of 15. The engine was tested for 1/10 hr.
using a dynamometer at 2500 rpm and 21-inch arm where the scale
registered 180 lb. During the test, 6.305 lb of fuel was used where
air is metered to the cylinder at 2/5 lb/s. Determine the brake heat
rate in Btu/hp-hr if the higher heating value of the fuel used is
19,701.25 Btu/lb.
a) 8285
b) 7435
c) 7885
d) 5,918

11. A 4-stroke, 340 mm x 380 mm, 6 cylinder, 220 rpm diesel engine has
a brake thermal efficiency of 36% when burning 25oAPI fuel oil at
rated load. At this condition, the volumetric efficiency is 78%
based on atmospheric air of 100 kPa and 32oC ambient temperature.
If the air-fuel ratio is set at 35:1, what would be the diesel
engine power output in kW?
a) 155
b) 135
c) 145
d) 165

12. A 4.25 in. x 6 in. (110 mm x 150 mm), six-cylinder four-stroke

diesel engine runs at 1200 rpm while consuming 28 lb of fuel per
hour (0.0035 kg/s). The actual volumetric fraction of carbon dioxide
in the exhaust is 9% (dry basis). At another throttle setting, when
the air-fuel ratio is 15:1, there is 13.7% (dry basis) carbon
dioxide in the exhaust. The atmospheric conditions are 14.7 psia
and 70oF (101.3 kPa and 21oC). The volumetric efficiency at 1200 rpm
is most nearly
a) 59%
b) 72%
c) 65%
d) 80%
13. A gas turbine compressor receives air at 1 atm (h = 50 kJ/kg) and
deliver the compressed air to a combustor for heating. The fuel used
in the combustor has a heating value of 43,000 kJ/kg. The hot air
received by the turbine is 900 kJ/kg. How much kg of air per kg of
fuel is needed to achieve this output? Both the compressor and the
combustor has an efficiency of 85%. Ideal work of compression is
300 kJ/kg.
a) 73.53 kgair/kgfuel
b) 67.72 kgair/kgfuel
c) 58.81 kgair/kgfuel
d) 91.11 kgair/kgfuel
14. A newly commissioned gas turbine power plant operating on the
Brayton cycle delivers 20 Megawatt to a standby electric generator.
Determine the volume flow rate and the mass flow rate of air if the
cycle minimum and maximum pressures are 1.01 bar and 5.07 bar
respectively, and the temperatures are 293 K and 1273 K.
a) 66.57 kg/s; 55.44 m3/s
b) 70.25 kg/s; 60.93 m3/s
c) 58.84 kg/s; 67.23 m3/s
d) 78.39 kg/s; 66.75 m3/s

15. A Diesel engine with an output of 150 hp has a mechanical efficiency

of 85%. Fuel used is a 24 oAPI rating fuel consumed at a rate 3.297
m3/hr. Determine the indicated specific fuel consumption of the
engine.
a) 35.27 kg/kw-hr
b) 22.79 kg/kW-hr
c) 41.22 kg/kW-hr
d) 50.08 kg/kW-hr

16. A four-cylinder engine on a one-hour steady load dynamometer test

was found to use 80 lb of fuel, with a standard oAPI rating of 27.
The torque registered on the dynamometer is 30,000 kg-cm at 550 rpm.
The engine tested is a 2-stroke, 8.5” x 10.5” Diesel engine with
compression ratio of 12. Determine the brake thermal efficiency and
the brake MEP.
a) 25.66%; 392.12 kPa
b) 37.45%; 472.42 kPa
c) 30.00%; 401.11 kPa
d) 28.17%; 375.00 kPa

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