CHE332

INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

FINAL REPORT
ECOSPHERE : SUSTAINABLE TREE PLANTING FOR ECOSYSTEM
RESTORATION WITH ECOSPHERE

DIPLOMA IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

GROUP
J4CEEH1103B

PREPARED BY:
ALIFF LUQMAN NASUTION BIN ABDUL HAMID
2022814962
DANI FIRDAUS BIN SHAHKUMAR@SHAHAZHAR
2022860184
MOHAMAD HARITH SAFWAN BIN MOHD ZAIHAM
2022613524

PREPARED FOR
SITI HAJAR ANAZIAH BINTI MUHAMMAD
 TABLE OF CONTENT

1. PROBLEM STATEMENT………………………………………………………….3

1.1 Introduction/background of study………………………………………………..3

1.2 Evaluation of Identified Problem………………………………………………...3
1.3 Observation and assessment of the problem related to
environment sustainability……………………………………………………….4

2. PROPOSED PROJECT…………………………………………………………….4

2.1 Generation of Ideas [Brainstorming Process]……………………………………4

2.2 Explanation of the proposed project……………………………………………..4
2.3 Objectives, Mission, and significance of the Proposed Projects…………………

3. FINAL IMPLEMENTATION/ EXECUTION……………………………………6

3.1 Explanation for the Execution of the proposed program………………………..6

3.2 Engagement of Industrial Linkage and community or any collaboration and
sponsorship………………………………………………………………………7
3.3 Engagement with community…………………………………………………....8

4. CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATION…………………………………... 8

4.1 The activity’s feedback before and after the program……………………………9
4.2 Challenges faced and discussion on potential solution …………………………10
4.3 Timeline…………………………………………………………………………10

5. APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………….11

5.1 PHOTOS OF THE EVENT

5.2 REFERENCES

6. INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION REPORT…………………………………………

6.1 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
ALIFF LUQMAN NASUTION BIN ABDUL HAMID (2022814962)…………
6.2 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
DANI FIRDAUS BIN SHAHKUMAR@SHAHAZHAR (2022860184)……...
6.3 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
MOHAMAD HARITH SAFWAN BIN MOHD ZAIHAM (2022613524)……..
 1.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

1.1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The Sustainable Development Goals or commonly known as the SDGs were

adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty,
protect the planet and ensure peace and prosperity to all living beings as part of the 2030
agenda. The SDGs consists of 17 Goals that covers all the sustainable aspects that are not
limited to social, economic, and environmental context. In the context of environmental
engineering, The SDGs provide a framework for sustainable development and
environmental protection that guides to not only create short-term solutions but also
contributes to larger goals of sustainable development. Our group was assigned with the
15th SDG Goal: Life on Land which aims to protect, restore, and promote sustainable use
of terrestrial ecosystems and sustainably manage forests, reverse land degradation and
halt biodiversity lost.
1.2 EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED PROBLEM
Life on land covers all the aspects from the organisms to the biodiversity on
the biosphere. The activity of humankind towards the balance of the ecosystem have
impacted multiple aspects that is not only limited to humankind, but also towards the
biodiversity. One of the factors of such impacts are the mass deforestation for urban
development which includes the development of landfill. This is because, according to
the SunwayiLabs, food waste in Malaysia reached 16.6 tonnes (16,600 Kg) per day
which can filled up the iconic Malaysia Petronas Twin Tower in 3 days. This factor has
significant effects in particularly in relation to economic, social health, safety,
environmental and sustainability and below is the summary of the effects:
BIL IMPACT CIRCUMSTANCES EFFECTS
.
1. ECONOMIC  Food waste brings negative impacts, including increasing
food production costs.
 For every 1kg of food thrown at landfill, it is equivalent
of 2.5 kg of greenhouse gases being emitted which
contributes to climate change and increased the cost in
terms of disaster management and mitigation.
2. SOCIAL  Food Waste leads to food insecurity, with 1 out of 3
foods produced is wated every year, while 811 million
people worldwide suffers from hunger. Reducing food
waste could help feed more people and alleviate hunger.
3. HEALTH AND SAFETY  Improper disposal of food waste can lead to the spread of
harmful virus and diseases as well as leading to water,
air, and soil contamination.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND  Food waste contributes to climate change through the
SUSTAINABILITY emission of greenhouse gases during decomposition
while also wasting valuable resources such as water and
farmland.
 1.3 OBSERVATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Excessive food waste and their significant effect on the environment in Malaysia is
proven by Azreen Hani in her article ‘Malaysia throws away 17,000 tonnes of food daily’
published by The Malaysian Reserve where it highlights the urgent need for Malaysia to
investigate curbing food waste. Next, the issues on food waste could also be seen in the
article titled ‘Food Waste Behaviour and Awareness of Malaysian’ by Chooi Lin Phooi, et
al, where the academic discuss on the negative impacts of food waste, including increasing
food production costs, impact on human health and environmental degradation. Lastly,
when the issue is carefully observed, the issue on food waste all leads down to the
awareness and behaviour of Malaysians where according to the study by Loh Chun T’ing
in her publication ‘Intention to reduce food waste: A study Among Malaysian’ concluded
that Malaysian have a very low awareness on the effect of food waste towards the
environment, suggesting that there are not motivator for them to have a high intention to
reduce food waste.
2.0 PROPOSED PROJECT
2.1 GENERATION OF IDEAS
There are 6 different groups from class 3B where each have presented their project
proposal during the proposal presentation ranging from proposal such as Urban
Agriculture to Reusing Used Paper to Make Recycle Papers. After the project proposal,
the lecturer in charge, Madam Siti Hajar Anaziah have chosen the project proposal with
the highest mark to be the main topic of the exhibition, which is the project titled,
Planting Trees for Ecosystem Restoration using Ecosphere. Later, Madam have
proposed to combine all the ideas from all groups for the SDG Event later in, from there,
the class decided to do a demonstration on How to make recycle paper from used paper
and how to make your own Ecosphere. To make our booth more fun and engaging, we
also have provided variety of games during the event.
2.2 EXPLAINATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT
To overcome two significant impacts to the environment sustainability such as waste
pollution and deforestation , some study is conducted to discover an effective solution to
deal with the issues and invite communities to protect the environment by providing
innovation in reforest activities that make it easier. First and foremost , to enhance the
success rate of reforest , quality fertilizer and soil medium is necessary. To begin with,
food waste can be converted to fertilizer in various ways such as powdering organic
fertilizer , composting methods, and biological agents such as maggots. The organic
fertilizer is not just an increased success rate for plant growth, but it works well treating
the soil and providing required nutrients.
Powdering method for organic fertilizer required three steps : heating , drying, and
grinding. Heating process is a process that heats up the waste to break up the physical
component so it can break easily . This process is necessary for some waste components
such as bone that have hard physical characteristics. Next , Drying process absorbs all
the moisture content inside the waste. Some of the waste might have higher moisture
content thus it required a longer time to process. Moisture content needed to be removed
 to ensure the grinding process reached optimum texture. Grinding process is the crucial
part where it takes the dry waste to the powder form so the fertilizer can blend in easily
with the soil medium.
To increase the success rate of the plant growth , quality soil is considered as a perfect
medium that can help land quality improvement. In this case , coco peat has been chosen
as the one that can fulfil the role. Cocopeat is a usual soil medium that has been used as a
soil medium where it can retain water excellently. cocopeat is used not just as a soil
medium , hence when cocopeat expires in several months cocopeat can be used as a
fertilizer that can enhance soil quality. Cocopeat contains organic nutrient coming from
the coconut itself , thus when cocopeat is about to expire , organic nutrient is released and
acts as fertilizer.
The characteristics of the plant seeds are discussed before they are chosen. Fruit based
plants are chosen due to the huge advantage that can be achieved compared to flower-
based plants. Fruit seed is used as the plant seed where all the components are assembled
with the seed. then the ecosphere is produced to increase reforestation activities
throughout the crisis. Additionally, it is the simplest and conventional way to promote the
reforest concept.

2.3 EXPLANATION ON THE OBJECTIVES, MISSION, AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE

PROPOSED PROJECT

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provides a blueprint to achieve a better

and more sustainable future for all. The primary goal of the 3B proposed project
(Ecosphere) is to increase the awareness of the effects of excessive food waste towards
the environment. that can worsen if no action is taken among the targeted community
which in this case is the UiTM students. Following the sustainable development goals
(SDG) 15 Life on Land , the objective of preserving creatures living on the land and
preventing any environmental destruction need to be highlighted. The objective of this
project is to promote sustainability and environmental stewardship by repurposing food
waste into biodegradable sphere balls that nurture tree growth. The project aims to
empower individuals to act in restoring and preserving the natural world for future
generation and can be supported by other SDGs such as SDG 2 Zero Hunger where the
project also provides food security like fruits. Next , the project is to also avoid
greenhouse gas emissions to the environment that can cause climate change which is
supported by SDG 13 Climate Action as it resulted in many advantages such as
restoration of plants , endangered species and providing food and shelter to humankind.
Our mission for the project is to promote reforestation among communities where it
promotes that reforest activities can be done at home just using waste so that we can put
sustainability to the environment with 2 in 1 alternative.
This project is important for humankind and the environment because it addresses one
of the most pressing issues of all time. Food waste is not only a waste of resources, but
also a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation, water pollution,
and biodiversity loss. By repurposing food waste into biodegradable sphere balls that
nurture tree growth, this project can help reduce the environmental impact of food waste,
while also enhancing the ecosystem services provided by trees, such as carbon
sequestration, oxygen production, soil conservation, and habitat provision. This project
can also raise awareness and inspire action among people to adopt more sustainable
 lifestyles and behaviours, in line with the SDG goals. Therefore, this project can have a
positive and lasting effect on both humankind and the environment.
3.0 FINAL IMPLEMENTATION/EXECUTION
3.1 EXPLANATION FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROPOSED PROGRAM
Given that this project requires all the class members to participate, 21 students of the
class will be divided for three purposes of the project. With the help of the appropriate
SDGs, this project aims to enlighten people about the reforest innovation method and
waste composting method that can run at home. It is divided into three stations, each of
which has a specific set of tasks to complete. For example, one station may feature a
presentation on the project initiative and general knowledge on the challenge that we
faced, another might feature a demonstration of production of the proposed prototype,
and yet another might feature an exhibition of the project knowledge . The participants
will divide into groups to carry out their tasks that have been given to ensure the
objective is acquired among the community.

Several ideas have been generated in response to various proposed solutions, each
with the goal of meeting specific criteria. The chosen method should be affordable for the
community, easily understandable and replicable at home to raise awareness about the
importance of preserving flora and fauna .After careful consideration, the selected
approach involves cocopeat , organic fertilizer and fruit seed is used to be demonstrated
during the program. This method stands out for its simplicity, requiring only a few steps
to be easily grasped by participants. Following a brief demonstration, individuals can
undertake the process independently, with our guidance as mentors. However, during the
presentation a real product is given out to the community to test its effectiveness where a
week later one of the testimonies proves it comes to success .Furthermore, aligning with
Sustainable Development Goal 15 - Life on Land, this method aims to highlight the
benefits of food waste composting. By utilizing food waste to enhance the success rate of
plant growth , cocopeat as nutrient soil medium and health through the addition of
organic matter, participants gain insight into the positive impact of their actions on the
environment.

The students will be grouped for the project's implementation, with each group
assigning members to distinct stations simultaneously. One group will head to station A,
the initial point on the tour, to delve into reforestation theory and initiative.
Simultaneously, another group will visit station B for a prototype demonstration,
providing an opportunity to learn how the prototype works alongside fellow participants.
Each group will rotate three times, ensuring all the students can participate in the project
presentation. We have extended an invitation to the professionals to deliver a statement
outlining the overall structure of the program. The official launch of the program is
scheduled to take place at the program's conclusion. Rewards distributed to the winner
and all participants who took part in the initiative.
3.2 ENGAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL LINKAGE AND COMMUNITY OR ANY
COLLABORATION AND SPONSORSHIP

INDUSTRIAL LINKAGE

1) Engagement with Ranhill SAJ

 During the Iskandar Puteri Rendah Karbon 2023, a member of the class 3B meets with
an exhibitor from Ranhill SAJ, which is a company that provides water services such
as treatment, distribution, and management. The member followed up with an email
and a formal invitation for collaboration but however there was no response from
Ranhill SAJ leading to the failure of joint booth.
2) Engagement with IRDA
 The VIP guest of this program was Madam Daisy Harry from IRDA. She went to each
class’s booth and shared her views. She helped us to enhance our project according to
SDG 6 and how to apply it in real situations.

COLLABORATION

1) Iskandar Malaysia Youth Sustainability Network (IMYSN)

- IMYSN raises awareness and educates the UiTM Pasir Gudang community
about all the SDGs, especially SDG 6, by having a booth that day. IMYSN also
supports the event by using its social media.
2) Chemical Engineering Student Society (ChESS)
- This programme collaborated with Chemical Engineering Student Society
(ChESS) as they provide the venue and help to promote the event through their
social media.
3) Chemical Engineering Part 3 Student
- The chemical engineering students from Part 3 worked together to organize this
event. Each class focused on a different SDG topic, such as SDG 2 (no hunger),
SDG 13 (life on land), and others. The visitors of this program could explore not
only one booth, but also other booths from different classes to learn more about
the SDGs.

SPONSORSHIP
The Academic Affairs Department (HEA) of Uitm Pasir Gudang funded the
program. The amount of money each class gets depends on how many students are in
the class. The classes use this money as their budget to purchase the necessary items
for the program. The following items are what our class used for our project:
Sticker A3 A3 Cocopeat/ Organic Deco
Laminate Print Probiotic Soil Mix Sunflowers

Decoration
Sticker
Port A4 A4 Yellow Candy Permanent Grass
Laminate Print Tape Marker
3.3 ENGAGEMENT WITH COMMUNITY
This project reaches out to the UiTM Pasir Gudang community and welcomes all
students, lecturers, and staffs to join, learn, and share opinions. During this program, the
community can explore each classes booth that showcases different SDGs. For 3B, there are
activities such as quizzes and demonstration that engages with the community to receive
feedback. The aim of this feedback is to assess whether the project and the activity helps
them gain more knowledge about SDG 15 which is Life on Land. For this class, feedback is
obtained through the General Feedback form before and after the program through Google
Form.
This feedback showed that most of the community learned more about the SDGs and
their connection to sustainability and the environment. The main reason for this was the
project prototype, which was the ecosphere and recycled paper demonstration. This prototype
demonstrate how we can use waste as something that is beneficial to the human and the
environment.
4.0 CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1 THE ACTIVITY’S FEEDBACK BEFORE AND AFTER THE PROGRAM
PRE-FORM

POST FORM

Based on the feedback form above, we could see the difference between the level of
knowledge regarding SDG 15 which is Life on Land. The increment went from 46.5% to
61.3% which indicates that the students and the participants successfully answered the
survey.
• For participants and students
As an organizer of the SDG 15 booth, the feedback from participants provides valuable
insights into the effectiveness of our program. The survey conducted before the activity
aimed to assess the baseline knowledge and awareness levels related to Sustainable
Development Goal 15. Initial responses indicated a varied understanding among participants,
with some having limited awareness of the specific challenges associated with life on land.
Post-program survey results demonstrated a significant increase in knowledge, with
participants expressing a deeper understanding of the issues and potential solutions. The
hands-on activities, such as the game, ecosphere demonstration, papermaking, and methane
gas production, received positive feedback, indicating that interactive elements contributed to
a more impactful learning experience. The small vase with seeds as a takeaway was well-
received, with participants expressing enthusiasm about applying sustainable practices in
their homes. The overall sentiment suggests that the SDG 15 booth successfully achieved its
goal of spreading awareness and educating participants on practical ways to contribute to the
cause.
• For lecturer
The lecturer overseeing the SDG 15 booth was genuinely impressed by the overwhelmingly
positive response and impact of our educational initiatives. Engaging with the various
elements of the booth, including the informative displays, interactive game, and practical
demonstrations, they found the experience to be both enlightening and impactful. Witnessing
the increased awareness and understanding of Sustainable Development Goal 15 among my
fellow colleagues was immensely gratifying for the lecturer. they expressed the agreement
and admiration for the team's efforts, stating that the booth was a fantastic initiative. The
creative incorporation of a small vase with seeds as a takeaway resonated well, symbolizing a
commitment to applying sustainable practices. This prompted us to inquire about the
inspiration behind the program, believing it to be highly beneficial and innovative. The
positive reactions from the lecturers underscored the success of the booth in achieving its
educational goals and believe the impact of our collective efforts will contribute significantly
to fostering a culture of sustainability.
4.2 CHALLENGES FACED AND DISCUSSION ON POTENTIAL SOLUTION
During the implementation of the SDG 15 booth project, one of the primary challenges
was fostering active engagement and participation among participants with diverse levels of
familiarity with Sustainable Development Goal 15. Recognizing the need for inclusivity, the
team strategically integrated interactive elements, such as engaging games and hands-on
demonstrations, to cater to varied learning preferences. This approach aimed to create a
dynamic environment, ensuring that all participants could actively contribute to and benefit
from the educational experience, thus addressing the challenge of engagement and diversity.
Measuring the impact of the booth on participants' understanding and commitment to
sustainable practices posed another significant challenge. To tackle this issue, the team
designed a comprehensive pre- and post-program survey questionnaire. Carefully crafted
questions enabled the quantification of knowledge levels and attitudinal shifts before and
after the booth experience. This systematic approach to impact measurement not only
provided valuable quantitative data for assessment but also offered insights for potential
improvements in future iterations of the booth. By addressing the challenge of impact
measurement through a robust survey mechanism, the team aimed to continually enhance the
educational effectiveness of the booth.
Logistical considerations, including resource procurement for the ecosphere
demonstration and ensuring environmentally friendly materials, presented additional
challenges. The team prioritized the use of eco-friendly materials throughout the booth,
aligning with the sustainability goals of the project. By addressing these logistical challenges
through environmentally conscious choices, the team ensured that the execution of the booth
remained in line with the principles of SDG 15, contributing to the overall success of the
project.
Lastly is Time Constraints and Tight budget where this program took place near the end
of the term when there were many deadlines and presentations happening simultaneously.
This made it harder to get ready for the project. But with everyone’s assistance and
teamwork, this program was completed and successful on time . Moreover, the academic
affairs department (HEA) of UiTM Pasir Gudang gave some money to this event, which was
RM84 for our class. But the budget was not enough to finish the project. We overcame this
challenge with the help of our classmates who donated some of their money for the project.

4.3 TIMELINE PROJECT

TASK TASK DISCRIPTION TASK START DATE END DATE
DURATION
1. BRAINSTORM IDEAS 7 15-OCT 21-OCT
2. CHOOSE THE ACCEPTABLE 7 22-OCT 28-OCT
IDEAS
3. PROPOSAL AND PRESENTATION 11 29-OCT 8-NOV
4. MEETING FOR SDG EVENT 7 3-DEC 9-DEC
5. PROPOSE SDG EVENT IDEA TO 7 17-DEC 23-DEC
SUPERVISOR
6. BUYING AND PREPARE ITEM 7 24-DEC 30-DEC
FOR EVENT
7. CREATE PROTOTYPE AND 4 31-DEC 3-JAN
BOOTH DECORATION
8. EVENT DAYS 1 4-JAN 5-JAN
9. FINAL REPORT OF EVENT 20 5-JAN 24-JAN
5.0 APPENDIX
5.1 PHOTOS OF THE EVENT

5.2 REFERENCES
1. Source of Literature Search
2. Links and Citations
1. Subscribe (2024). Available at: https://themalaysianreserve.com/2022/02/15/malaysia-throws-
away-17000-tonnes-of-food-daily/ (Accessed: 24 January 2024).

2. M’sians continue to waste food | The Star (2024). Available at:

https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/06/06/msians-continue-to-waste-food (Accessed: 24
January 2024).

4. Food Waste Behaviour and Awareness of Malaysian (2024). Available at:

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/scientifica/2022/6729248/ (Accessed: 24 January 2024).

5. Food Waste Management in Malaysia: A Brief Introduction (2024). Available at:

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-19-2390-6_26 (Accessed: 24 January 2024).

6. Food Loss and Waste Database | Technical Platform on the Measurement and Reduction of Food
Loss and Waste | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2024). Available at:
https://www.fao.org/platform-food-loss-waste/flw-data/en/ (Accessed: 24 January 2024).

6.0 INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION REPORT

6.1 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
ALIFF LUQMAN NASUTION BIN ABDUL HAMID (2022814962)
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), established by the United Nations in 2015,
are a set of 17 global objectives that form part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development. They represent a universal commitment to eradicating poverty, safeguarding
the planet, and ensuring that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030. Each of the 17
SDGs is interconnected and indivisible, meaning that progress in one area influences
progress in others. The SDGs provide a crucial framework for addressing the world’s most
pressing challenges and ensuring a sustainable future for all. For this project, our class has
chosen to focus on raising awareness about SDG 15, which is Life on Land. SDG 15 is not
just about ensuring everyone has access to safe and clean land, but it also extends to
ensuring the sustainable management of land and ecosystems for all.
 We learned a lot from working on this project, especially about the importance of
sustainability and environmental stewardship where we were impressed by how our group
was able to repurpose food waste into biodegradable sphere balls that nurture tree growth
which is a creative and innovative way to address the problem of deforestation and food
insecurity in Malaysia and beyond.
Some of the challenges that we faced during this project were finding reliable sources of
information, collaborating with my group members remotely, and managing my time
effectively. We overcame these challenges by using online tools, such as Google Scholar,
Microsoft Teams, and Trello, to conduct research, communicate, and organize my tasks.
We also sought feedback from my peers and instructors to improve our work.
Some of the skills that we developed or improved through this project were critical
thinking, problem-solving, teamwork, and presentation skills. We learned how to analyse
complex issues, such as climate change and biodiversity loss, and propose feasible
solutions. We also learned how to work with others who have different perspectives and
backgrounds, and how to present my ideas clearly and persuasively.
Overall, we enjoyed this project, and we are proud of what we achieved. We hope to
apply what we have learned from this project to future endeavours and continue to
contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals.
THE ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY ON IDENTIFIED ISSUES RELATED
TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABILITY:
Engineers have important roles in society in solving food waste and relating it to SDG
15, which is to protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation
and halt biodiversity loss. Engineers are responsible for designing and implementing
innovative solutions that can reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover food waste, such as
biodegradable packaging, composting systems, anaerobic digestion, biofuel production,
and food waste valorisation. Apart from that, engineers are also important in restoring
and preserving the environment as they can develop and apply technologies that can
enhance the efficiency and productivity of agriculture, forestry, and irrigation, such as
precision farming, remote sensing, drones, sensors, big data, and artificial intelligence.
Moreover, engineers are also responsible for assessing and minimizing the environmental
impacts of engineering projects and applications, such as greenhouse gas emissions, land
degradation, water pollution, and biodiversity loss, by using tools such as life cycle
assessment, environmental impact assessment, and carbon footprint. Furthermore,
engineers are also responsible for collaborating and engaging with other stakeholders,
such as governments, industry, academia, and local communities, to promote sustainable
development and environmental stewardship, by providing expertise, resources, and
education. Therefore, it can be said that engineering is one of the keys to achieve a
sustainable and just future for all beings.
6.2 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
DANI FIRDAUS BIN SHAHKUMAR@SHAHAZHAR (2022860184)
In my capacity, what can I say about the SDG 15 booth and the subsequent
Ecosphere project, the reflection on the trajectory from project inception to execution
is enlightening. The initial phase necessitated a keen acknowledgment of the pressing
concern of excessive food waste in Malaysia and a profound understanding of its far-
reaching environmental implications. Drawing insights from a diverse range of
academic sources, the comprehensive research and assessment laid a robust
foundation for crafting a purposeful project in harmony with Sustainable
Development Goal 15 - Life on Land.

The generation of ideas within the class (3B) showcased the diverse creativity and
innovation potential among the students. The selection of the Ecosphere project,
emphasizing reforestation and waste composting, demonstrated a collective
commitment to address environmental challenges. The integration of various
components, such as cocopeat, organic fertilizer, and fruit seeds, highlighted the
project's simplicity and affordability, aligning with the Sustainable Development
Goals of promoting sustainable practices at home.

One notable challenge faced during the project was ensuring active engagement
and participation among diverse participants. The solution, incorporating interactive
elements like games and practical demonstrations, not only addressed this challenge
but also enhanced the overall educational impact. The positive feedback from
participants and their eagerness to embrace sustainable practices at home validate the
success of these strategies.

The integration of the Ecosphere project within the SDG 15 booth not only
educated participants about the environmental impact of food waste but also provided
a tangible solution to address this issue. The chosen approach, repurposing food waste
into biodegradable sphere balls that nurture tree growth, resonated well with the
participants, and contributed to a deeper understanding of environmental concern.

In conclusion, the SDG 15 booth and Ecosphere project successfully achieved their
educational objectives by raising awareness, promoting sustainability, and
empowering individuals to act. The collaborative effort of the class, coupled with
strategic planning and innovative solutions, underscored the potential for impactful
initiatives within the academic community. The success of this project not only
contributes to SDG 15 but also sets a precedent for future endeavours that promote a
more sustainable and environmentally conscious society.
6.3 REFLECTION REPORT PREPARED BY:
MOHAMAD HARITH SAFWAN BIN MOHD ZAIHAM (2022613524)
Based on my observation, the significance of SDG 15 booth offering valuable reflection on
the progress from project initiation to the execution. The project involves a careful
recognition of the critical issues of excessive food waste and deforestation in Malaysia with a
deep understanding of its extensive environment consequence. The research and assessment
establish a strong groundwork for the development of a purposeful project aligned with SDG
15 Life on Land
During the project event, the obvious challenge during the presentation is audience
engagement and their understanding. It is important to fulfil their understanding ensuring the
audience fully aware of the project objective. Thus, more fun activities and cooperating is
done with the audience such as games, demonstration and QnA. The response from the
audience proved their eagerness to apply the sustainable practices at home.
In conclusion, SDG 15 project effectively met their objectives by spread awareness and
advocating sustainability. All the teamwork combines with innovative planning and solution
highlight the impactful initiative within the academic realm. The project has succeeded to
align with the goal of SDG 15 but also established a future planning for sustainable and
environmental awareness in the society