NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Chemical Engineering

Part 5 Second Semester, 2023/24

Programme: Bachelor of Engineering Chemical Engineering

Course: Environmental Process Engineering IB
Course Code: TCE 5204

TCE 5204 Environmental Process Engineering Tutorial Questions

1.
2. State the analysis equipment that are used for determining the following: Calorific
Value, Ash Content, Ultimate analysis
3. What do you understand by the term hazard?
4. What do you understand by the term risk assessment
5. Explain in detail the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
6. With the aid of a well-labelled diagram, explain the waste hierarchy.
7. Explain major disinfection techniques used in waste water treatment; and hence
discuss the advantages and disadvantages associated with each technique.
8. Define the following terms, Environmental aspect, Environmental impact,
Management system, Non- conformity, Corrective action
9. What is an integrated SHEQ management system and discuss the advantages
and disadvantages of such systems
10. Organizations can implement either home grown or external SHEQ systems.
Which one of these systems will you recommend your organization to implement,
explain your answer.
11. You have been assigned to champion the development and implementation of a
SHEQ system in the School of Metallurgical Engineering. Explain how you would
go about this task. What stages and principles would you consider?
12. Discuss the various stages involved in obtaining SHEQ certification
13. Discuss need, types and process of SHEQ system auditing
14. It is desired to absorb 95% of hydrogen sulphide (H 2S) by a solvent from a
mixture of hydrogen sulphide and nitrogen containing 1.5% of the component in a
counter current tray tower. Total gas input is 30 kmol/hr and the solvent enters
the tower at a rate of 90 kmol/hr. The tower operates at 27ºC and 1 atm. The
equilibrium relation is Y=2.53X. Determine the number of ideal stages necessary
for the separation using graphical method.
15. You are required to choose a suitable solvent for the operation in (a) what factors
would you consider?
16. The exhaust to the atmosphere from an incinerator has a SO 2 concentration of
0.12 mm Hg partial pressure. Calculate the parts per million of SO 2 in the
exhaust.

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17. A plate and frame filter press is to be employed to filter a slurry containing 10%
by mass of solids. If 1 m2 of filter cloth area is required to treat 5 kg/h of solids,
what cloth area, in m2 , is required for a slurry flowrate of 6000 kg/min?
18. Given the following inlet loading and outlet loading of an air pollution particulate
control unit, determine the collection efficiency of the unit. Inlet loading = 2 gr/m 3
Outlet loading = 0.1 gr/m3
19. A cyclone is used to collect participates with an efficiency of 60%. A venturi
scrubber is used as a second control device. If the required overall efficiency is
99.0%, determine the minimum operating efficiency of the venturi scrubber
20. A proposed incineration facility design requires that a packed column and a spray
tower be used in series for the removal of HCl from the flue gas. The spray tower
is to operate at an efficiency of 65% and the packed column at an efficiency of
98%. Calculate the mass flowrate of HCl leaving the spray tower, the mass
flowrate of HCl entering the packed tower, and the overall efficiency of the
removal system if 76.0 kg of HCl enters the system every hour.
21. A proposed incinerator is designed to destroy a hazardous waste at 21000 F and
1 atm. Current regulations dictate that a minimum destruction and removal
efficiency (DRE) of 99.99% must be achieved. The waste flowrate into the unit is
960 lb/h while that flowing out of the unit is measured as 0.08 lb/h. Is the unit in
compliance?
22. A power plant is burning anthracite coal containing 7.1% ash to provide the
necessary energy for steam generation. If 300m3 of total flue gas are produced
for every kilogram of coal burned, what is the maximum effluent particulate
loading in gr/m3? Assume no contribution to the particulates from the waste. The
secondary ambient air quality standard for particulates is 75 ug/m 3 . What dilution
factor and particulate collection efficiency are required to achieve this standard?
23. As a consulting engineer, you have been contracted to modify an existing control
device used in fly ash removal. The federal standards for emissions have been
changed to a total numbers basis. Determine if the unit will meet an effluent
standard of 105.7 particles/ft3. Data for the unit are given below. Average particle
size, dp = 10 um; assume constant Particle specific gravity = 2.3 Inlet loading =
3.0 gr/ft3 Efficiency (mass basis), E = 99%
24. ETS engineers have been requested to determine the minimum distance
downstream from a cement source emitting dust that will be free of cement
deposit. The source is equipped with a cyclone. The cyclone is located 150ft
above ground level. Assume ambient conditions are at 600 F and 1 atm and
neglect meteorological aspects. Additional data are given below. Particle size
range of cement dust = 2.5-50.0 µm Specific gravity of the cement dust= 1.96
Wind speed = 3.0 miles/h
25. Explain why nearly all particle size collection efficiency curves for high-efficiency
control devices take the form shown in below

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26. A plant manufacturing Ivory Soap detergent explodes one windy day. It disperses
100 tons of soap particles (specific gravity = 0.8) into the atmosphere (700 F, p =
0.0752 lb/ft3 ). If the wind is blowing 20miles/h from the west and the particles
range in diameter of 2.1-1000 um, calculate the distances from the plant where
the soap particles will start to deposit and where they will cease to deposit.
Assume the particles are blown vertically 400 ft in the air before they start to
settle. Also, assuming even ground-level distribution through an average 100-ft-
wide path of settling, calculate the average height of the soap particles on the
ground in the settling area. Assume the bulk density of the particles equal to half
of the actual density
27. As a graduate student you have been assigned the task of studying certain
process factors in an operation that employs three cyclones in series to treat
catalyst-laden gas at 25°C and 1 atm. The inlet loading to the cyclone series is
8.24gr/ft3 and the volumetric flowrate is 1,000,000 ft 3/min. The efficiency of the
cyclones are 93, 84, and 73%, respectively. Calculate the following: 1. Daily
mass of catalyst collected (lb/day) 2. Daily mass of catalyst discharged to the
atmosphere 3. Whether or not it would be economical to add an additional
cyclone (efficiency = 52%) costing an additional $300,000 per year (The cost of
the catalyst is $0.75 per pound.) 4. Outlet loading from the proposed fourth
cyclone
28. A cyclone on a cement plant suddenly malfunctions. By the time the plant shuts
down, some dust has accumulated on parked cars and other buildings in the
plant complex. The nearest affected area is 700 ft from the cyclone location, and
the furthest affected area measurable on plant grounds is 2500 ft from the
cyclone. What is the particle size range of the dust that has landed on plant
grounds? On this day, the cyclone was discharging into a 6-mph wind. The
specific gravity of the cement is 1.96. The cyclone is located 175 ft above the
ground. Neglect effects of turbulence.

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29. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is being used to clean fly ash from a gas. The
precipitator contains 30 ducts, with plates 12 ft high and 12 ft long. The spacing
between the plates is 8 in. The gas is evenly distributed through all of the ducts.
The following information can be used: Gas volumetric flowrate = 40,000 ft 3/min.
Particle drift velocity = 0.40 ft/s Use the Deutsch-Anderson equation to calculate
the efficiency of the precipitator. Also, use the modified Deutsch equation with a
range of exponents varying from 0.4 to 0.7 (in increments of 0.05) to calculate
the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator. Deutsch-Anderson equation states
that E=1- e- (wA/q) w representing the effective migration or drift velocity.
30. Describe the filtration process.
31. Discuss the various cleaning methods employed in baghouses.
32. Briefly describe hybrid systems
33. Calculate the overall efficiency of N compartments in a baghouse operated in
parallel, if the volumetric flowrates and inlet concentrations to each compartment
are q1; q2….qN and C1, C2 ,..., cN, respectively, and the corresponding efficiencies
are E1, E2,..., EN. Also, express the result in terms of the q's, the E’s, and the C's.
Calculate the overall efficiency of a baghouse consisting of three compartments
treating 9000 ft3/min of gas with an inlet loading of 4gr/ft 3 . The first and third
compartments operate at a fractional efficiency of 0.995 while the second
compartment operates at a fractional efficiency of 0.990. What is the overall
efficiency of the baghouse if the flow and inlet concentration are evenly
distributed? Also calculate the efficiency if the following flow distribution exists:

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