1.

who are the stakeholders of an organization like Patuakhali science and Technology
University? Mention different stakeholders’ expectations from PSTU authority.
Stakeholders are individuals or groups that have an interest or influence in an organization’s
activities, goals, or outcomes. They can be internal or external to the organization.
Some of the stakeholders of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) are:
1. Students: They are the primary beneficiaries of the university’s academic programs and
services. They expect to receive quality education, research opportunities, career
guidance, and campus facilities from PSTU.
2. Faculty and staff: They are the key contributors to the university’s teaching, research,
and administrative functions. They expect to have a conducive work environment, fair
compensation, professional development, and academic freedom from PSTU.
3. Government: It is the main funder and regulator of the university. It expects PSTU to
comply with the relevant laws, policies, and standards, and to contribute to the national
development goals, especially in the fields of agriculture, science, and technology.
4. Donors and partners: They are the external sources of financial and technical support
for the university. They expect PSTU to use their resources efficiently and effectively,
and to demonstrate accountability and transparency in their operations.
5. Alumni and employers: They are the former students and potential recruiters of the
university’s graduates. They expect PSTU to maintain a good reputation, foster a strong
alumni network, and produce competent and skilled graduates.
6. Local community and society: They are the surrounding and wider population that
benefit from the university’s social and environmental impacts. They expect PSTU to
engage in community service, outreach, and innovation, and to address the local and
global challenges.

2. Develop a stakeholder mapping matrix for the opsonin pharmaceuticals limited

according to the Mendelow. Set action plan that the opsonin pharmaceutical limited
authority has to take for managing its stakeholder.
A stakeholder mapping matrix is a tool that helps to identify and analyze the stakeholders
of an organization based on their level of power and interest. The Mendelow framework
is a popular method for performing stakeholder mapping, which classifies stakeholders
 into four categories: A) minimum effort, B) keep informed, C) keep satisfied, and D) key
players.

Based on the information from the web search results, a possible stakeholder mapping matrix
for Opsonin Pharmaceuticals Limited (OPL) is:

Low High
Power/Interest Interest Interest

D)
C) Customers,
Government, Employees,
Donors and Management,
High Power partners Shareholders

A) Local B) Suppliers,
community, Distributors,
Media, Researchers,
Low Power Competitors Regulators

The action plan that the OPL authority has to take for managing its stakeholders are:

 For category A stakeholders, the OPL authority should use minimum effort to
communicate with them, as they have low interest and power. They can be influenced by
providing information and education about the benefits of OPL’s products and services.

 For category B stakeholders, the OPL authority should keep them informed about the
organization’s plans and activities, as they have high interest but low power. They can be
consulted and involved in decision-making processes to gain their support and feedback.

 For category C stakeholders, the OPL authority should keep them satisfied and avoid any
conflicts or dissatisfaction, as they have high power but low interest. They can be
persuaded and negotiated with to ensure their compliance and cooperation.
 For category D stakeholders, the OPL authority should engage and collaborate with them
closely, as they have high power and interest. They can be empowered and motivated to
participate and contribute to the organization’s goals and vision.

3. Develop a stakeholder mapping matrix for the Patuakhali Science and Technology
university according to the Mendelow. set action plan that the PSTU authority has
to take for managing its stakeholder.

A stakeholder mapping matrix for the Patuakhali Science and Technology University
(PSTU) according to the Mendelow framework is:

Low High
Power/Interest Interest Interest

D) Students,
C) Faculty and
Government, staff, Alumni
Donors and and
High Power partners employers

B)
Suppliers,
A) Local
Researchers,
community,
Regulators
Media,
Low Power Competitors

The action plan that the PSTU authority has to take for managing its stakeholders are:

 For category A stakeholders, the PSTU authority should use minimum effort to
communicate with them, as they have low interest and power. They can be influenced by
providing information and education about the benefits of PSTU’s academic programs
and services.
 For category B stakeholders, the PSTU authority should keep them informed about the
university’s plans and activities, as they have high interest but low power. They can be
consulted and involved in decision-making processes to gain their support and feedback.

 For category C stakeholders, the PSTU authority should keep them satisfied and avoid
any conflicts or dissatisfaction, as they have high power but low interest. They can be
persuaded and negotiated with to ensure their compliance and cooperation.

 For category D stakeholders, the PSTU authority should engage and collaborate with
them closely, as they have high power and interest. They can be empowered and
motivated to participate and contribute to the university’s goals and vision.

5. Suggest ways in which ethical issues would influence the firm’s financial policies
in relation to the followings: shareholders, suppliers, customer, investment
appraisal, charity and battery.

Ethical issues can have a significant impact on the financial policies of a firm, as they
affect the relationships and responsibilities of the firm with its various stakeholders. Here
are some possible ways in which ethical issues would influence the firm’s financial
policies in relation to the following:

 Shareholders: Shareholders are the owners of the firm and have the right to receive
dividends and vote on important decisions. Ethical issues that may affect the financial
policies regarding shareholders include:

o How to balance the interests of shareholders with those of other stakeholders,

such as employees, customers, and society.

o How to disclose relevant and accurate information to shareholders, such as

financial statements, risks, and opportunities.

o How to prevent insider trading, which is the use of material non-public

information to gain an unfair advantage in the market.

 Suppliers: Suppliers are the providers of goods and services that the firm needs to
operate. Ethical issues that may affect the financial policies regarding suppliers include:
 o How to select suppliers based on fair and transparent criteria, such as quality,
price, and environmental and social standards12.

o How to pay suppliers on time and in accordance with the agreed terms and
conditions12.

o How to avoid conflicts of interest, bribery, or corruption in the procurement

process12.

 Customers: Customers are the buyers of the firm’s products and services. Ethical issues
that may affect the financial policies regarding customers include:

o How to ensure that the products and services are safe, reliable, and meet the
expectations and needs of the customers12.

o How to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the customers’ personal and
financial data12.

o How to handle customer complaints, refunds, and warranties in a fair and timely
manner12.

 Investment appraisal: Investment appraisal is the process of evaluating the profitability

and feasibility of a project or an asset. Ethical issues that may affect the financial policies
regarding investment appraisal include:

o How to incorporate the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors into
the investment analysis, such as the carbon footprint, human rights, and ethical
conduct of the project or the asset1 .

o How to avoid biases, errors, or manipulation in the estimation of the costs,

benefits, and risks of the project or the asset1 .

o How to ensure that the investment decision is aligned with the firm’s mission,
vision, and values1 .

 Charity: Charity is the act of giving money or goods to a cause or a person in need.
Ethical issues that may affect the financial policies regarding charity include:
 o How to determine the amount and frequency of charitable donations, based on the
firm’s financial performance, social responsibility, and stakeholder expectations1 .

o How to select the recipients of charitable donations, based on their legitimacy,

impact, and alignment with the firm’s goals1 .

o How to report and disclose the charitable donations, in terms of the sources, uses,
and outcomes of the funds1 .

 Battery: Battery is a device that stores and provides electrical energy. Ethical issues that
may affect the financial policies regarding battery include:

o How to ensure that the battery is produced, used, and disposed of in an

environmentally friendly and socially responsible way, such as reducing the
emissions, waste, and toxicity of the battery.

o How to comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards that govern the
battery industry, such as the safety, quality, and performance of the battery1 .

o How to innovate and invest in the development of more efficient, sustainable, and
affordable battery technologies.

8.For each of the following group of stakeholders in a company, suggest a potential

conflict of interest and give an example of the resulting costs from each of the
conflict: 1. employees vs shareholders.2. shareholders vs finance providers,3.
government vs shareholders.
A potential conflict of interest and an example of the resulting costs from each of the
conflict are:
Employees vs shareholders: Employees may want higher wages and benefits, while
shareholders may want lower costs and higher profits. This can result in lower employee
morale, productivity, and retention, as well as lower shareholder satisfaction and
investment.
Shareholders vs finance providers: Shareholders may want higher dividends and riskier
projects, while finance providers may want lower dividends and safer projects. This can
result in higher cost of capital, lower credit rating, and reduced access to funding.
Government vs shareholders: Government may want higher taxes and stricter
regulations, while shareholders may want lower taxes and more flexibility. This can result
in lower profitability, competitiveness, and innovation.