STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

CE Review
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS Situation 4: A truss is loaded as shown in the figure. The area of
members AC and BC are 800 mm2 and 1,000 mm2,
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following
respectively. Use E = 200,000 MPa for all members.
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. B
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Axial Stress 3m

Situation 1: The pin jointed assembly (bracings not shown for

simplification) supports a billboard 3 m high  4 m wide on
C
each end. The total weight of the billboard is 30 kN. A 4m

A
90 kN

1.50 m 10. Determine the horizontal displacement of C.

a. 3.75 mm c. 3.50 mm
B b. 3.25 mm d. 3.00 mm
60 q
11. Determine the vertical displacement of C.
a. 5.15 mm c. 3.00 mm
1.50 m
b. 10.25 mm d. 3.75 mm
12. Determine the displacement of C.
C a. 11.88 mm c. 10.68 mm
b. 11.26 mm d. 10.94 mm
Wind pressure, q = 1.70 kPa
Situation 5: Four cables are used to lift a precast concrete slab with
Wind pressure coefficient, c = 1.00
dimensions 3 m  3 m  76 mm thick. The cables are
1. Determine the horizontal reaction at A? attached to a hook above the centerpoint of the slab. The
a. 9.1 kN c. 4.6 kN area of each cable is 79 mm2. Concrete unit weight is 24
b. 7.9 kN d. 15.8 kN kN/m3.
2. How much is the normal stress in strut BC, with cross sectional
E
dimensions of 6 mm  76 mm?
a. 45.8 MPa c. 22.9 MPa
b. 34.6 MPa d. 91.5 MPa 2m D
C
3. If the strut AB were replaced by a 16 mm diameter cable, determine
the normal stress in the cable?
3m
a. 78.5 MPa c. 90.6 MPa A
b. 45.3 MPa d. 156.9 MPa 3m B
Situation 2: Two wires are supporting a weight W as shown in the 13. What is the tensile force in each of the cables?
figure. The stresses in wire AB and AC are not to exceed a. 6.0 kN c. 5.1 kN
100 MPa and 150 MPa, respectively. The cross-sectional b. 8.2 kN d. 4.1 kN
areas of the two wires are 400 mm2 for AB and 200 mm2 14. Determine the normal stress in each of the cables.
for AC.
a. 65 MPa c. 104 MPa
b. 52 MPa d. 76 MPa
B C
15. If the cables elongate by 1 mm, what is the vertical displacement of
the precast slab?
30 45 a. 1.0 mm c. 1.94 mm
b. 1.46 mm d. 1.25 mm
A
Situation 6: Refer to the figure below.

W D
d 3m
4. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum tensile force A C
that the wire AB can support? B
a. 50 kN c. 30 kN 2m 1.20 m
b. 40 kN d. 20 kN
5. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum tensile force W
that the wire AC can support?
a. 50 kN c. 30 kN
The rigid bar AB is hinged at A and supported by a steel
b. 40 kN d. 20 kN
plate hanger, designated as d. The hanger is fixed at C
6. Which of the following most nearly gives the largest weight W that and bolted at D with two (2) plates.
can be supported by the wires?
Given:
a. 50.19 kN c. 33.46 kN
b. 45.68 kN d. 41.21 kN Width of plate hanger = 40 mm
Thickness of plate hanger = 10 mm
Axial Strain
Bolt diameter = 20 mm
• Statically Determinate Members Allowable bolt shear stress = 68 MPa
Allowable bolt bearing stress = 240 MPa
Situation 3: A composite bar is rigidly attached to the wall at A as
shown. Axial loads are applied at the positions indicated. 16. What is the allowable tensile stress in the hanger based on bolt
capacity in double shear at D?
Bronze Steel a. 94.2 MPa c. 106.8 MPa
E = 83 GPa E = 200 GPa b. 53.4 MPa d. 188.5 MPa
 100 mm  80 mm
17. If the maximum tensile stress in the hanger is 138 MPa, find the
1,200 kN 900 kN allowable load, W.
B C
A a. 34.5 kN c. 47.1 kN
3m 2.50 m
b. 23.6 kN d. 27.1 kN
18. If the load W = 60 kN, find the vertical displacement at B.
7. Which of the following most nearly gives the axial stress in member a. 3.6 mm c. 5.8 mm
AB? b. 11.5 mm d. 1.8 mm
a. 114.59 MPa c. 179.05 MPa
b. 59.68 MPa d. 38.20 MPa Situation 7: A steel bar carries an ore bucket of weight W hanging at its
lower end.
8. Which of the following most nearly gives the deformation in member
BC? Given:
a. 1.43 mm c. 2.16 mm Bar diameter = 12 mm
b. 2.24 mm d. 1.38 mm Length = 18 m
9. Which of the following most nearly gives the displacement of joint Steel modulus of elasticity, Es = 200 GPa
C? Neglect the weight of the bar.
a. 0.97 mm c. 0.79 mm
b. 0.86 mm d. 0.68 mm 19. Calculate the weight W that can be safely carried so as not to
exceed the allowable steel tensile stress of 138 MPa.
a. 12.4 kN c. 7.8 kN
b. 15.6 kN d. 24.8 kN

1 Dindo F. Esplana
 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CE Review
20. Calculate the weight W that can be safely applied so as not to Shearing Stress and Strain
exceed the allowable elongation of 10 mm.
• Shear Stress
a. 4.8 kN c. 12.6 kN
b. 9.4 kN d. 21.8 kN Situation 11: A rectangular bar, 25 mm  50 mm in cross section is
21. Calculate the total strain if the applied load W = 20 kN. subjected to a tensile force, P = 80 kN. Plane A-A makes
a. 0.00088 c. 0.00067 an angle, a = 30, with the x-axis.
b. 0.00044 d. 0.00056
P
Situation 8: The antenna tower shown is attached to its foundation by a
ball-and-socket joint. It is supported in its upright position
by four high strength steel wires, namely, AB, AC, AD, and
AE.
y
A
a x
F A
8m

A
12 m

E
m P
12
12 m 12 m x 31. What is the tensile stress on plane A-A?
D m B a. 30 MPa c. 48 MPa
12
b. 55 MPa d. 64 MPa
C
z 32. Find the shear stress on plane A-A.
a. 48.0 MPa c. 64.0 MPa
Given: b. 32.1 MPa d. 27.7 MPa
Height of the tower, h = 20 m 33. At what angle of plane A-A is the shear stress maximum?
Diameter of the tower, d = 150 mm a. 45 c. 30
Diameter of steel wires = 6.5 mm b. 60 d. 75
Steel modulus of elasticity = 200 GPa
Situation 12: Refer to the figure below.
22. Find the stress in wire AD if a pulling force, F = 5 kN acts along the
x-axis at the tip of the tower. 1.20 m 1.20 m
a. 178 MPa c. 355 MPa
b. 250 MPa d. 89 MPa D
A C
23. Due to the pulling force F at the tip of the tower, the resulting stress
in wire AD is 220 MPa. What would be the elongation of wire AD?
1.20 m
a. 13.2 mm c. 30.1 mm
b. 18.7 mm d. 0 mm
24. How far would the tip of the tower move from its original position if 2.40 kN
wire AD elongates by 22 mm due to the pulling force F? B
a. 25.9 mm c. 13.2 mm
b. 9.3 mm d. 36.7 mm
Situation 9: A rigid bar, AB, is hinged at A and is supported by a 36 typical
mm diameter steel rod CD at C to carry a load, W = 80 kN connection
at its end B. The steel rod is hinged at D. Given:

D
BC = 75 mm wide  10 mm thick strut
L=2m
AD = 100 mm wide  10 mm thick rigid bar
d = 36 mm The figure also shows the typical connection at all joints.
E = 200 GPa
A C 34. What is the minimum required bolt diameter at C if the allowable
B bolt shear stress is 68 MPa?
1.80 m 1.20 m a. 18 mm c. 16 mm
b. 10 mm d. 12 mm
35. Determine the stress in strut BC.
80 kN a. 4.8 MPa c. 6.4 MPa
b. 3.2 MPa d. 9.0 MPa
25. What is the displacement of the loaded end B of the bar? 36. Calculate the bolt stress at B if its diameter is 20 mm.
a. 1.31 mm c. 2.84 mm a. 61.1 MPa c. 45.8 MPa
b. 3.27 mm d. 2.18 mm b. 21.6 MPa d. 15.3 MPa
26. Determine the tensile stress induced in rod CD by the 80 kN load. Situation 13: A square post is made up of two parts glued at points a, b,
a. 119.02 MPa c. 130.99 MPa c, and d. Plane abcd is inclined at an angle of  = 30 from
b. 126.88 MPa d. 146.25 MPa the vertical axis. Axial load P = 36 kN.
27. If the allowable stress in rod CD is 124 MPa, what weight W can be P = 36 kN
safely applied?
a. 96.84 kN c. 87.90 kN
b. 68.38 kN d. 75.73 kN
Situation 10: A steel cable is used to lift a load, W.
b
Given:
W (total load including weight of cable) = 175 kN a

Properties of the steel cable:  = 30 c

Diameter = 30 mm
Length = 12 m d
Modulus of elasticity = 200 GPa
w
28. Find the elongation of the cable as it lifts the load, W. w
a. 12 mm c. 20 mm
b. 15 mm d. 18 mm Allowable stresses in the glued joint
Compressive stress = 5.2 MPa
29. What is the resulting strain in the cable as it lifts the load W?
Shear stress = 3.5 MPa
a. 0.00300 mm/mm c. 0.00207 mm/mm
b. 0.00085 mm/mm d. 0.00124 mm/mm 37. What is the minimum width w required to prevent failure in
compression?
30. Due to a very heavy load, the steel cable breaks. The recorded
a. 102 mm c. 84 mm
diameter at failure is 27.5 mm. Calculate the ductility of the material.
b. 51 mm d. 42 mm
a. 18 % c. 16 %
b. 24 % d. 20 % 38. Determine w based on the allowable shear stress.
a. 67 mm c. 55 mm
b. 78 mm d. 95 mm
39. At what angle  will the maximum shear stress occur?
a. 0 c. 45
b. 30 d. 90

2 Dindo F. Esplana
 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CE Review
Bearing Stress 47. Calculate the tensile stress in the body of the bolt.
a. 83.3 MPa c. 44.4 MPa
40. Refer to the figure below.
b. 70.5 MPa d. 99.5 MPa
P 48. Find the tensile stress at the root of the threads.
a. 70.5 MPa c. 44.4 MPa
b. 83.3 MPa d. 99.5 MPa
49. Solve for the compressive stress at the head as the bolt bears on
the surface to resist the tensile load.
a. 70.5 MPa c. 28.6 MPa
b. 22.2 MPa d. 40.3 MPa
Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
50. What is the maximum longitudinal stress in a steel tank 3 m in
diameter, 12 mm thick and filled with water to a depth of 6 m?
a. 14.7 MPa c. 3.7 MPa
P b. 6.0 MPa d. 7.3 MPa
Given: 51. A steel tank, 12 mm thick and 3 m in diameter, is filled with water 6
m high. What is the maximum circumferential stress in the tank?
P = 60 kN
a. 3.70 MPa c. 14.70 MPa
Allowable shearing stress = 82 MPa
b. 6.0 MPa d. 7.30 MPa
Allowable bearing stress = 138 MPa
Thickness of the yoke = 12 mm Situation 17: A pressure vessel, 320 mm in diameter, is to be fabricated
from steel plates. The vessel is to carry an internal
What is the minimum bolt diameter required?
pressure of 4 MPa.
a. 16 mm c. 20 mm
b. 22 mm d. 18 mm 52. Find the required thickness of the plate if the vessel is to be
cylindrical. The allowable steel stress is 120 MPa.
Situation 14: A shown in the figure, hoisting beam ABC is clamped at B
a. 10 mm c. 3 mm
and is anchored by 2 bolts at A.
b. 6 mm d. 8 mm
1m 2.50 m 53. What is the required plate thickness if the vessel is to be spherical?
A Allowable steel stress is 120 MPa.
C a. 10 mm c. 6 mm
2 bolts B b. 3 mm d. 8 mm
54. The vessel to be fabricated is cylindrical using 12 mm thick steel
P plating. What is the maximum internal pressure that the vessel can
carry if the allowable steel stress is 60 MPa?
Given: a. 9.0 MPa c. 4.5 MPa
b. 7.5 MPa d. 6 MPa
P = 9 kN
Bolt diameter at A = 22 mm Torsion
Contact area at B = 200 mm  150 mm
• Statically Determinate Members
Allowable bolt stress = 69 MPa
55. A cantilever hollow circular bar is 1.50 m long, 5 mm thick and with
41. What is the maximum tensile stress in each of the bolts at A?
outside diameter of 75 mm. It is subjected to a torque of 3 kN-m at
a. 29.6 MPa c. 59.0 MPa
its free end. What is the resulting angle of twist of the bar? Use a
b. 41.4 MPa d. 23.7 MPa
shear modulus of elasticity of 78,000 MPa.
42. What is the bearing stress at B? a. 1.2 c. 4.9
a. 1.45 MPa c. 1.05 MPa b. 2.4 d. 3.7
b. 0.75 MPa d. 0.30 MPa
Situation 18: A solid steel post is subjected to pure torsion.
43. Determine the maximum load, P, that the assembly can lift based
on the allowable bolt capacity at A. Given:
a. 31.5 kN c. 10.5 kN Post diameter = 75 mm
b. 21.0 kN d. 26.0 kN Length = 2.5 m
Situation 15: A square hollow steel strut of thickness 10 mm is pin Shear modulus of elasticity = 78 GPa
connected to two connector plates of thickness, 12 mm. 56. What is the torsional rigidity of the post?
The connector plates are welded to the base plate of a. 105 kN-m2 c. 242 kN-m2
thickness, 12 mm. The base plate is fastened to the b. 65 kN-m2 d. 15 kN-m2
concrete base by 4 – 16 mm diameter anchor bolts. The
diameter of the pin is 16 mm. 57. Find the torsional stiffness of the post.
a. 76.8 c. 26.0
48 kN b. 40.2 d. 96.8
58. Determine the maximum shear stress in the post if it is subjected to
steel strut a torque of 540 N-m.
a. 2.9 MPa c. 10.5 MPa
30 b. 6.5 MPa d. 0.9 MPa
Situation 19: A solid steel shaft 60 mm in diameter is subjected to
torques as shown in the figure. The modulus of rigidity of
base the steel G = 83 GPa.
plate
connector 1,200 N-m 1,000 N-m 800 N-m
anchor plate
bolt
A B C D
44. Calculate the bearing stress between the strut and the pin. 2m 1.50 m 3m
a. 300 MPa c. 240 MPa
b. 150 MPa d. 130 MPa
59. Which of the following most nearly gives the reaction at the rigid
45. What is the shear stress in the pin? support?
a. 238 MPa c. 300 MPa a. 1,200 N-m c. 900 N-m
b. 150 MPa d. 119 MPa b. 1,000 N-m d. 1,500 N-m
46. Determine the shear stress in the anchor bolts. 60. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum torsional
a. 60 MPa c. 52 MPa stress in the shaft?
b. 100 MPa d. 30 MPa a. 35.37 MPa c. 23.58 MPa
Situation 16: Refer to the figure below. b. 28.29 MPa d. 21.22 MPa
61. Which of the following most nearly gives the angle of twist at the
free end?
30 mm a. 1.79 c. 2.08
b. 2.22 d. 1.90
38 mm
bolt diameter
60 mm
32 mm
thread
diameter

80 kN

3 Dindo F. Esplana
 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CE Review
Beams 70. Determine the axial force at D.
a. 1.40 kN c. 0.84 kN
• Loadings
b. 0.60 kN d. 1.12 kN
Situation 20: The floor framing plan of a storage warehouse consists of
Situation 23: The figure shows a semicircular arch subjected to equal
steel beams and girders supporting the following:
but oppositely directed forces at A and at B.
100 mm thick concrete slab
2.4 kPa superimposed dead load D
6.0 kPa warehouse live load
A B C D
0.80 m

2.80 kN A C B 2.80 kN

2m
8m

71. Find the shear force at D.

a. 2.80 kN c. 2.34 kN
b. 1.68 kN d. 1.12 kN

E F G H
72. What is the axial force at D?
a. 3.36 kN c. 6.68 kN
2.50 m 2.50 m 2.50 m b. 5.60 kN d. 2.24 kN
73. Determine the moment acting at D.
Given: a. 2.24 kN-m c. 5.60 kN-m
3 b. 3.36 kN-m d. 6.68 kN-m
Concrete unit weight = 24 kN/m
Beams AE, BF, CG, DH = W310 mm  86 kg/m Situation 24: Rod ABC carries a load, W and is firmly attached to the
Girders AD, EH = W310 mm  97 kg/m cantilever beam OB. The weight of beam OB = 0.24 kN/m.
62. Calculate the total uniformly distributed service dead load on beam y
BF.
a. 11.2 kN/m c. 25.6 kN/m 1.50 m
C
b. 12.8 kN/m d. 5.6 kN/m
63. Calculate the total uniformly distributed service live load acting on B
beam BF. x
O
a. 12 kN/m c. 15 kN/m
b. 18 kN/m d. 6 kN/m z 0m
A 0.4
64. Calculate the total concentrated load at the support at A.
a. 111.4 kN c. 172.3 kN
b. 162.1 kN d. 121.7 kN 1.20 kN

Situation 21: Structural steel beams and columns frame the flooring of a 74. What is the maximum shear at the fixed end O?
building as shown. The beams are designed to support the a. 1.8 kN c. 1.56 kN
following loads: b. 0.36 kN d. 1.20 kN
100 mm thick concrete slab 75. What is the bending moment at the fixed end O?
2.4 kPa superimposed dead load a. 0.27 kN-m c. 2.07 kN-m
6.0 kPa live load b. 0.48 kN-m d. 1.80 kN-m

A B C D 76. What is the torsional moment at the fixed end O?

a. 0.48 kN-m c. 0.27 kN-m
b. 1.80 kN-m d. 2.07 kN-m
• Shear and Moment Diagrams
Situation 25: CD and DE of the gable frame shown are subjected to
8m

vertical loads only along their lengths. Given: DL = 5.00

kN/m and LL = 3.50 kN/m.
D

3m
E F G H C E

2.50 m 2.50 m 2.50 m

6m
Given:
A B
BF and CG – W310 mm  86 kg/m
AD, EH, AE, and DH – W310 mm  97 kg/m 4m 4m
Concrete unit weight = 24 kN/m3
65. What is the total uniformly distributed service dead load on beam 77. Solve for the axial force at AC.
CG? a. 42.5 kN c. 67.5 kN
a. 26.0 kN/m c. 10.0 kN/m b. 85.0 kN d. 34.0 kN
b. 6.0 kN/m d. 13.0 kN/m 78. Determine the maximum shear at CD.
66. What is the uniformly distributed service live load acting on beam a. 34.0 kN c. 25.5 kN
CG? b. 68.0 kN d. 42.5 kN
a. 12 kN/m c. 18 kN/m 79. What is the maximum moment at CDE?
b. 15 kN/m d. 6 kN/m a. 106 kN-m c. 170 kN-m
67. What is the total concentrated service load at the support at H? b. 68 kN-m d. 85 kN-m
a. 142 kN c. 173 kN Situation 26: Refer to the figure below.
b. 160 kN d. 111 kN
112 kN/m 112 kN/m
Shear and Moment in Beams
• Shear and Moment
Situation 22: The figure shows a semicircular arch subjected to equal
but oppositely directed forces at A and at B. q
1m 1.50 m 2m 1.50 m 1m

D
80. Determine the maximum shear.
a. 48 kN c. 96 kN
b. 168 kN d. 112 kN
0.80 m
81. Determine the maximum moment.
a. 112 kN-m c. 84 kN-m
1.40 kN A C B 1.40 kN b. 42 kN-m d. 24 kN-m
2m 82. Determine the distance from the left end where the flexural stress is
0.
68. Find the shear force at D. a. 4.50 m c. 2.50 m
a. 0.84 kN c. 0.60 kN b. 3.50 m d. 1.75 m
b. 1.12 kN d. 1.40 kN
69. What is the moment acting at D?
a. 0.84 kN-m c. 1.40 kN-m
b. 1.12 kN-m d. 0.60 kN-m

4 Dindo F. Esplana
 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CE Review
Situation 27: A beam is loaded as shown in the figure. D
15 kN/m
3m
C E

x1 x2 x1
6m
10 m
A B
83. What is the moment at midspan if x1 = 2 m? 4m 4m
a. 37.50 kN-m c. 187.50 kN-m
b. 75.00 kN-m d. 0 kN-m
96. Determine the maximum shear at CD.
84. Find the distance x1 if the moment at midspan is zero?
a. 42.5 kN c. 25.5 kN
a. 3.00 m c. 2.50 m
b. 68.0 kN d. 34.0 kN
b. 1.50 m d. 5.00 m
97. What is the maximum moment at CDE?
85. Determine the distance x2 so that the maximum moment in the
a. 106 kN-m c. 68 kN-m
beam is the least possible value.
b. 85 kN-m d. 170 kN-m
a. 3.35 m c. 1.20 m
b. 2.07 m d. 5.86 m Situation 32: Refer to the figure below.
Situation 28: A barge shown diagrammatically, supports the loads 1
and 2 for every one meter strip along the longitudinal 36 kN/m
direction.
A
 1 = 145 kN/m 2 = 290 kN/m B

6m
3m 6m 3m
L
C D

86. Find the total length, L, so that the upward pressure is uniform and 8m
that the barge remains horizontal.
a. 21 m c. 24 m 98. Which of the following gives the axial load on column AC?
b. 15 m d. 18 m a. 144 kN c. 108 kN
87. If the upward pressure is 72 kN/m, what is the shear at 3 m from the b. 180 kN d. 288 kN
left end? 99. At what distance from A, does the maximum positive moment
a. 219 kN c. 435 kN occur?
b. 1,305 kN d. 652 kN a. 3m c. 2.5 m
88. If the upward pressure is 87 kN/m, at what distance from the left b. 1.7 m d. 4m
end will the shear in the barge be equal to 0? 100. Find the maximum shear in beam AB.
a. 8.2 m c. 5.0 m a. 180 kN c. 288 kN
b. 9.0 m d. 10.7 m b. 108 kN d. 144 kN
Situation 29: Beam ABC supports the roof over the entrance way of a Moving Loads
warehouse. The beam is simply supported on column BD
and on the wall at C. Total roof load,  = 6 kN/m. Situation 33: A 25 m long girder of a bridge is simply supported at the
right end and at a = 3 m from the left end.

Given: Highway Live Load
W1 = 19.6 kN
A W2 = 78.4 kN
B C Distance on center of wheels, c = 4.3 m
101. What is the maximum span positive moment?
a. 539 kN-m c. 484 kN-m
7.50 m
b. 431 kN-m d. 498 kN-m
102. Determine the maximum shear.
D a. 111.4 kN c. 107.5 kN
b. 98.0 kN d. 94.6 kN
2m 8m
103. What is the maximum negative moment?
a. 209 kN-m c. 172 kN-m
89. What is the total load on column BD at B? b. 235 kN-m d. 294 kN-m
a. 37.5 kN c. 48.0 kN Shearing Stress in Beams
b. 30.0 kN d. 24.0 kN
• Shear Stress in Beams
90. Determine the maximum shear in the beam ABC.
a. 48.0 kN c. 25.5 kN Situation 34: To retain the backfill, treated timber piles braced by
b. 22.5 kN d. 37.5 kN horizontal struts are anchored to bedrock at 3 m spacing.
The piles are considered hinged at the base. Unit weight of
91. Determine the maximum positive moment in the beam ABC. water = 9.8 kN/m3. Allowable bending stress of the strut, Fb
a. 48.0 kN-m c. 42.2 kN-m = 14.7 MPa; allowable shear stress of the strut, Fv = 1.48
b. 12.0 kN-m d. 31.6 kN-m MPa.
Situation 30: A beam is loaded as shown in the figure.
15 kN/m timber piles
soil
 = 17.30 kN/m
3
3.30 m
x1 x2 x1 k a = 1/3

10 m

92. Find the moment at midspan if x1 = 2 m. strut 2.70 m

2.10 m anchor rod
a. 0 kN-m c. 187.50 kN-m
b. 75.0 kN-m d. 37.5 kN-m A
93. Determine x1 if the midspan moment is zero.
a. 1.5 m c. 3.0 m
b. 2.5 m d. 5.0 m
104. If the horizontal struts are hinged at the anchor rod locations,
94. Determine x2 so that the maximum moment in the beam is the least determine the maximum design moment of the strut.
possible value. a. 134 kN-m c. 64 kN-m
a. 3.35 m c. 5.86 m b. 91 kN-m d. 81 kN-m
b. 1.20 m d. 2.07 m
105. If the depth of the strut is 300 mm, determine the safe width
Situation 31: CD and DE of the gable frame shown are subjected to required in bending.
vertical loads only along their lengths. Given: DL = 5.00 a. 300 mm c. 330 mm
kN/m and LL = 3.50 kN/m. b. 430 mm d. 355 mm
95. Solve for the axial force at AC. 106. If the depth of the strut is 300 mm, determine the safe width of the
a. 34.0 kN c. 67.5 kN strut in shear.
b. 85.0 kN d. 42.5 kN a. 290 mm c. 365 mm
b. 604 mm d. 410 mm

5 Dindo F. Esplana
 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CE Review
Combined Stresses Situation 38: The figure shows an element in pure shear and the
corresponding Mohr’s circle. Points A and B represent the
• Combined Axial and Bending Stresses
stresses on the x face and on the y face, respectively.
107. A hollow pole weighing 150 N/m, is 3 m high, 6 mm thick and with
an outside diameter of 300 mm. The pole is fixed at the base and is  (MPa)
subjected to a compressive force of 3 kN acting at an eccentricity of A
100 mm from its centroid and a lateral force of 0.45 kN applied at
the top. Calculate the maximum tensile stress at the base of the y
pole.
a. 1.2 MPa c. 3.5 MPa x  (MPa)
b. 4.8 MPa d. 0.6 MPa
Situation 35: The forces acting per meter length of the dam and the
dimensions are as follows:
B

40 40

W 117. What is the value of the normal axial stress x?

b
a. 80 MPa c. 0 MPa
F2 b. 120 MPa d. 40 MPa
F1
a
c A  B 118. How much is the maximum in-plane shear stress ?
a. 40 MPa c. 120 MPa
d b. 80 MPa d. 0 MPa
119. At what angle from the x-axis does the maximum in-plane shear
W = 650 kN a = 1.80 m
F1 = 275 kN b = 2.10 m stress occur?
F2 = 165 kN c = 1.20 m a. 45 c. 90
 = 60 d = 5.40 m b. 180 d. 0

108. What is the net sliding force acting on the dam? Situation 39: The figure shows the stresses in an element and the
a. 132 kN c. 209 kN corresponding Mohr’s circle. Points A and B represent the
b. 192 kN d. 110 kN stresses on the X face and on the Y face of the element,
respectively.
109. The coefficient of friction at the base of the dam is 0.30. Find the
friction force which resists sliding of the dam.  (MPa)
a. 290 kN c. 365 kN y
b. 220 kN d. 183 kN
A
110. Determine the maximum bearing pressure at the base of the dam.
a. 202 kPa c. 162 kPa y
40
b. 109 kPa d. 280 kPa
x x  (MPa)
Situation 36: The concrete wall shown retains water to its maximum
40
height H.
0.50 m B

30 15 60

3m 120. How much is the larger principal stress?

a. 90 MPa c. 45 MPa
b. 60 MPa d. 75 MPa
121. What is the value of normal axial stress y?
a. 45 MPa c. 30 MPa
Assume full fixity at the base of the wall. Concrete unit b. 15 MPa d. 60 MPa
weight = 23 kN/m3. 122. Find the maximum in-plane shear stress.
111. Find the maximum compressive stress at the base of the wall if the a. 80 MPa c. 190 MPa
water level reaches the top of the wall. b. 60 MPa d. 40 MPa
a. 1,059 kPa c. 1,128 kPa
b. 990 kPa d. 690 kPa
112. If the maximum compressive stress at the base of the wall is not to
exceed 380 kPa, what is the allowable depth of water?
a. 1.0 m c. 2.5 m
b. 1.5 m d. 2.0 m
113. If the allowable tensile stress at the base of the wall is zero, what is
the maximum height of water which the wall can retain?
a. 2.2 m c. 2.6 m
b. 1.2 m d. 1.8 m
• Mohr’s Circle and Its Application on Combined Stresses
Situation 37: The figure shows an element in biaxial stress and the
corresponding Mohr’s circle. Points A and B represent the
stresses on the x face and on the y face of the element,
respectively.
 (MPa)
y

x x  (MPa)
B A

30 MPa 50 MPa

114. What is the value of the normal axial stress x?

a. 55 MPa c. 25 MPa
b. 30 MPa d. 80 MPa
115. Find the value of the normal axial stress y?
a. 55 MPa c. 80 MPa
b. 25 MPa d. 30 MPa
116. Determine the maximum shear stress.
a. 55 MPa c. 30 MPa
b. 80 MPa d. 25 MPa

6 Dindo F. Esplana