Memory is divided into fixed-sized partitions or variable-sized segments.

When a process requests memory, the operating system searches for a contiguous block of
available memory large enough to hold the entire process.
If a suitable block is found, the process is allocated that block and can start execution.
When a process finishes execution, it releases its allocated memory, making it available for other
processes.
Benefits of Contiguous Memory Allocation:

Simple and efficient: Easier to implement and manage compared to non-contiguous approaches.
Faster access: Memory access is faster as the process resides in a single, continuous block.
External fragmentation is prevented: No unused gaps within allocated memory blocks.