University of Tripoli

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

ME313 Fluid Mechanics II

FORMULA SHEET, TABLES AND CHARTS

INSTRUCTOR:

Eng. - Malik Farag Gema Elmzughi

Table #1
Properties of Water (SI Units)

Table #2
Properties of Air (SI Units)

Table #3
Specific Gravities of Selected Engineering Materials
Table #4
Specific Gravities of Selected Engineering Materials (continued)

Table #5
Physical Properties of Common Liquids at 20C0
Fig. #1 Dynamic (absolute) viscosity of common fluids as a function of temperature. (Data from References [1, 6, and 10].)
 Fig. #2 Kinematic viscosity of common fluids (at atmospheric pressure) as a function of temperature. (Data from References
[1, 6, and 10].)
Table #6
Roughness for Pipes of Common Engineering Materials
Table #7
Representative Dimensionless Equivalent Lengths (Le/D) for Valves and Fittings

Table #9
Minor Loss Coefficients for Pipe Entrances

Fig. #3Loss coefficients for flow through sudden area changes. (Data from Streeter [1].)
Table #10
Loss Coefficients (K) for Gradual Contractions: Round and Rectangular Ducts
Fig. #4 Friction factor for fully developed flow in circular pipes. (Data from Moody [8], used by permission
Table 11 The problem was first solved by Blasius in 1908 using a power series expansion
approach

Table 12
Figure 5 Variation of drag coefficient with aspect ratio for a flat plate of finite width normal
to the flow with Reh . 1000 [16].

Table 13 : Drag Coefficient Data for Selected Objects (Re * 103)a

Fig. 6 Drag coefficient for a smooth circular cylinder as a function of Reynolds number [3].

Fig. 7 Drag coefficient of a smooth sphere as a function of Reynolds number [3].

Fig. 8 Lift and drag coefficients versus angle of attack for two airfoil sections of 15 percent
thickness ratio at Rec 5 9 3 106. (Data from Abbott and von Doenhoff [21].)
Fig. 9 Lift-drag polars for two airfoil sections of 15 percent thickness ratio. (Data from
Abbott and von Doenhoff [21].)

Fig. 10 Effect of flaps on aerodynamic characteristics of NACA 23012 airfoil section. (Data
from Abbott and von Doenhoff [21].)
Fig. 11 Flow pattern, lift, and drag coefficients for a smooth spinning sphere in uniform flow.
(Data from [19].)

Fig. 12 Lift and drag of a rotating cylinder as a function of relative rotational speed; Magnus
force. (Data from [35].)
Figure 13 The drag coefficients for most geometries (but not all) remain essentially constant
at Reynolds numbers above about 104

FIGURE 14 Drag coefficients CD at low velocities (Re ≤ 1 where Re = VD/𝝑 and A = 𝝅D2/4).

Table 14 Drag coefficients CD of various two-dimensional bodies for Re > 104 based on the
frontal area A = bD, where b is the length in direction normal to the page (for use in the drag
force relation FD = CDA𝝆V 2/2 where V is the upstream velocity)
Table 15 Representative drag coefficients CD for various three-dimensional bodies for Re >
104 based on the frontal area (for use in the drag force relation FD = CDA𝝆V 2/2 where V is
the upstream velocity)
FIGURE 14 Average drag coefficient for crossflow over a smooth circular cylinder and a
smooth sphere
Useful Equation 1
Useful Equations 2