JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

B) f ¢ (x) fails to exist for 3 distinct real values

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL of x
SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER C) f ¢ (x) changes its sign twice as x varies from
(–¥ ,¥ )
tan n x
1. Let f (x) = 2n
, n Î N, where D) function attains its extreme values at
r x1 & x2 , such that x1, x2 > 0
 tan x
5. Coffee is draining from a conical filter, height
r 0
and diameter both 15 cms into a cylinderical
  coffee pot diameter 15 cm. The rate at which
x Î 0, 
 2 coffee drains from the filter into the pot is
A) f (x) is bounded and it takes both of it's 100 cu cm /min. The rate in cms/min at which
bounds and the range of f (x) contains exactly the level in the pot is rising at the instant
one integral point. when the coffee in the pot is 10 cm, is
B) f (x) is bounded and it takes both of it's 9 25 5 16
bounds and the range of f (x) contains more A) B) C) D)
16 9 3 9
than one integral point.
C) f (x) is bounded but minimum and maximum 6. Let f (x) and g (x) be two differentiable
does not exists. function in R and f (2) = 8, g (2) = 0, f (4)
D) f (x) is not bounded as the upper bound = 10 and g (4) = 8 then
does not exist. A) g ' (x) > 4 f ' (x) " x Î (2, 4)
B) 3g ' (x) = 4 f ' (x) for at least one
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2. Two curves C1 : y = x2 – 3 and C2 : y = kx2

x Î (2, 4)
, k R intersect each other at two different
C) g (x) > f (x) " x Î (2, 4)
points. The tangent drawn to C2 at one of D) g ' (x) = 4 f ' (x) for at least one x Î (2, 4)
the points of intersection A  (a,y1) , 7. A horse runs along a circle with a speed of
(a > 0) meets C1 again at B(1,y2) y1  y 2  . 20 km/hr . A lantern is at the centre of the
The value of ‘a’ is circle . A fence is along the tangent to the
A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 1 circle at the point at which the horse starts
3. A rectangle with one side lying along the . The speed with which the shadow of the
x-axis is to be inscribed in the closed region horse move along the fence at the moment
of the xy plane bounded by the lines y = 0, when it covers 1/8 of the circle in km/hr
y = 3x, and y = 30 – 2x. The largest area of is
such a rectangle is A) 20 B)40 C) 30 D) 60
8. Give the correct order of initials T or F for
135 135
A) B) 45 C) D) 90 following statements. Use T if statement
8 2 is true and F if it is false.
4. Which of the following statement is true Statement-1: If f : R ® R and c Î R is
for the function such that f is increasing in (c – d, c) and f is
decreasing in (c, c + d) then f has a local
x x 1 maximum at c. Where d is a sufficiently

 small positive quantity.
3
f (x )  x 0 x 1 Statement-2 : Let f : (a, b) ® R, c Î (a, b).
 Then f can not have both a local maximum
 3
 x  4x x  0 and a point of inflection at x = c.
3 Statement-3 : The function f (x) = x2 | x | is
twice differentiable at x = 0.
A) It is monotonic increasing  x  R Statement-4 : Let f : [c – 1, c + 1] ® [a, b]
24 Narayana Junior Colleges
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III
be bijective map such that f is
differentiable at c then f –1 is also x2  x  2
< 0, then 'a' must lie in the
differentiable at f (c). x 2  5x  6
A) FFTF B) TTFT C) FTTF D) TTTF interval
9. Let f : [–1, 2] ® R be differentiable such
that 0 £ f ' (t) £ 1 for t Î [–1, 0] and 
A) 3 3, 3 3 
–1£f'(t)£0 t Î [0, 2]. Then
B) 2 3,  3 3 
A) – 2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 1
B) 1 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 2
C) 2 3, 3 3 
C) – 3 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 0
D) – 2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 0
D) 3 3,  2 3   2 3, 3 3 
2
t  3x  x 14. The radius of a right circular cylinder
10. If the function f (x) = , where
x4 increases at a constant rate. Its altitude is
't' is a parameter has a minimum and a a linear function of the radius and increases
maximum then the range of values of 't' is three times as fast as radius. When the
A) (0, 4) B) (0, ¥) C) (– ¥, 4) D) (4, ¥) radius is 1cm the altitude is 6 cm. When
x
 t 2  the radius is 6cm, the volume is increasing
11. The function S(x) =   sin  dt has two
 at the rate of 1Cu cm/sec. When the radius
 2 
0 is 36cm, the volume is increasing at a rate
critical points in the interval [1, 2.4]. One of n cu. cm/sec. The value of 'n' is equal to
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of the critical points is a local minimum and A) 12 B) 22 C) 30 D) 33

the other is a local maximum. The local 15. Consider f (x) = | 1 – x | 1 £ x £ 2
minimum occurs at x = 
 and g (x) = f (x) + b sin x, 1 < x < 2
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 D) 2
2 then which of the following is correct?
12. Read the following mathematical A) Rolles theorem is applicable to both f, g
statements carefully: 3
I. Adifferentiable function ' f ' with and b =
2
maximum at x = c Þ f ''(c) < 0. B) LMVT is not applicable to f and Rolles
II. Antiderivative of a periodic function is 1
also a periodic function. theorem if applicable to g with b =
2
III. If f has a period T then for any a Î R.
C) LMVT is applicable to f and Rolles theorem
T T
is applicable to g with b = 1
 f (x ) dx =  f ( x  a ) dx D) Rolles theorem is not applicable to both f,
0 0
g for any real b.
IV. If f (x) has a maxima at x = c , then
16. Given that f (x) is continuously
'f ' is increasing in (c – h, c) and decreasing
differentiable on a £ x £ b where a < b, f
in (c, c + h) as h ® 0 for h > 0.
(a) < 0 and f (b) > 0, which of the following
Now indicate the correct alternative.
are always true?
A) exactly one statement is correct.
(i) f (x) is bounded on a £ x £ b.
B) exactly two statements are correct.
(ii) The equation f (x) = 0 has at least one
C) exactly three statements are correct.
solution in a < x < b.
D) All the four statements are correct.
(iii) The maximum and minimum values of
13. If the point of minima of the function,
f (x) on a £ x £ b occur at points where f '
f(x) = 1 + a2x – x3 satisfy the inequality
(c) = 0.

Narayana Junior Colleges 25

 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
p(-1) = 10, p(1) = -6 and p(x) has maxima at
(iv) There is at least one point c with a < c x= -1 and p¢(x) has minima at x = 1. Find the
< b where f ' (c) > 0. distance between the local maxima and local
(v) There is at least one point d with a < d minima of the curve. (2005-4M)
< b where f ' (c) < 0.
24. For a twice differentiable function f(x), g(x)
A) only (ii) and (iv) are true
2
B) all but (iii) are true is define d as g(x) = f   x   f   x  f(x) on
C) all but (v) are true
[a, e]. If for a < b < c < d < e, f(a) = 0,
D) only (i), (ii) and (iv) are true
17. Suppose that f is a polynomial of degree 3 f(b) = 2, f(c) = -1, f(d) = 2, f(e) = 0 then find
and that f ''(x) ¹ 0 at any of the stationary the minimum number of zeros of g(x).
point. Then (2006-6M)
A) f has exactly one stationary point. 25. Let a  b  4 where a  2 and g  x  be
B) f must have no stationary point.
C) f must have exactly 2 stationary points. dg  x 
D) f has either 0 or 2 stationary points. differentiable function. if  0 for
dx
SUBJECTIVE TYPE
all x. The find whether
18. A window of fixed perimeter P
(including the base of the arch) is in the a b
form of a rectangle surrounded by a  g  x  dx   g  x  dx increases or
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semicircle. The semicircular portion is 0 0

fitted with coloured glass while the decreases as  b  a  increases.
rectangular part is fitted with clear glass.
transmits three times as much light per 26. Let A  p 2 ,  p  , B  q 2 , q  , C  r 2 ,  r  be the
square meter as the coloured glass does. vertices of the triangle ABC. A parallelo-
What is the ratio for the sides of the gram AFDE is drawn with D, E and F on
rectangle so that the window transmits the the line segments BC, CA and AB respec-
maximum light? (1991-4M) tively. Using calculus show that the maxi-
19. Determine the points of maxima and minima mum area of such a parallelogram is
1 1
of the function f(x) =
8
ln x – bx + x2, x > 0,  p  q  q  r  p  r  .
4
where b ³ 0 is a constant. 27. A point P is given on the circumference of
20. Let –1 £ p £ 1. Show that the equation
a circle of radius r. Chords QR are parallel
4x3 – 3x – p = 0 has a unique root in the
interval [1/2, 1] and identify it. (2001-5M) to the tangent at P. Determine the maxi-
21. Using Rolle’s theorem, prove that there is mum possible area of the traingle PQR.
at least one root in (451/100, 46) of the 28. Suppose f(x) is a function satisfying the
following conditions
polynomial
P(x) = 51x101 – 2323 (x)100 – 45x + 1035. a. f  0   2, f 1  1
(2004-2M)
5
22. 2
If |f(x1) – f(x2)|  (x1 – x2) , for all x1, x2 ÎR. b. f has a minimum value at x 
2
Find the equation of tangent to the curve
c. for all x,
y = f(x) at the point (1, 2). (2005-2M)
23. If p(x) be a polynomial of degree 3 satisfying
26 Narayana Junior Colleges
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

volume 36 2cm3 . Find the dimensions of

2 ax 2 ax  1 2 ax  b  1
pyramid having least surface area.
f  x  b b 1 1
36. If t be a real number satisfying
2  ax  b  2 ax  2b  1 2 ax  b
2t 3  9t 2  30  a  0 value of param
where a, b are some constants. Determine
the constants a, b and the function f(x). 1
eter a for which x   1 gives six real
x
29. Circle x 2  y 2  1 cut X-axis at P &Q .
and distinct values.
Another circle with centre at Q &
variable radius intersects the first circle 37. Function ax3  bx 2  cx  d hs its
at R above X- axis & line segement PQ non-zero local minimum & maximum
at S. Find maximum area of QSR. values at 2,2 . If ' a ' is root of
30. When travelling xkm / hr , a truck burns
x 2  x  6  0 find a, b, c, d .
1  900  38. Two roads OA, OB intersect at 600 a
diesel at the rate of   x  liter
300  x  car driver approaches O from A,
per km. If the diesel oil costs 40 paise AO  800m at uniform speed at 20m/s
per litre and driver is paid Rs.1.5 simultaneously a runner starts running
perhour, find the steady speed that will from O towards B at uniform speed 5m/s.
minimise the total cost of the trip of 500
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Find time when car and runner are

km. closest.
31. A swimmer S is in the sea at a distance d 39. Jane is 2 miles of shore in a boat and
km from the closest point A. The house wishes to reach a costal village 6mi down
of the swimmer is on the shore at a a straight line shoreline from the point
distance of L km from A. He can swim at nearest the boat. she can row 2mph and
a speed of u km/hr and walk at v km/hr. can walk 5mph, where should she land
At what point on the shore he should land her boat to reach the village in least
so he reaches houses in shortest time. amount of time.
32. Tangent to curve y  x  x3 at P meets 40. Minimum value of
curve again at Q. Locus at point of f  x  x  2  2 x  2  x
trisection. (other than point on y-axis) SUPLEMENTARY MATERAL
33. 2
Consider curve 5 x  8 xy  5 y  4 2 KEY
locate points on curve whose distance SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER
from origin is maxima & minima 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) C 5) D
6) D 7) B 8) A 9) A 10) C
34. Find polynomial function f  x  of 11) C 12) A 13) B 14) D 15) C
degree 6 which satisfy 16) D 17) D
SUBJECTIVE TYPE
1/ x
 f  x  18. 6+  :6
lim 1  3   e2
x 0  x  1
& has local maxima at x  1 & local min
19. min at x =
4

b  b2  1 ,
at x  0 and 2. 1
20. cos( cos1 p)
35. Among all regular square pyramids of 3

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 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

22. y - 2 = 0 23. 4 65 24. 6

 2  (a 2  3) 1 a2
= Þ 2ka = 1  a
1 1 2 5 1 a 1 a
27)
4

3 3 r2  28) f  x 
4
x  x2
4 2ka = 1 + a .....(2)

4 a2  3
Substituting k = from (1) in (2) we
29) sq. units a2
3 3
HINTS 2a (a 2  3)
get 1  a Þ 2a2 – 6 = a + a2
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL a2
SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER Þ a2 – a – 6 = 0 Þ a = +3 , a = – 2
(rejected)
1. Let tan x = t 3.
n
t
Þ f (x) = =
1  t  ....  t 4  ....  t 2n

1
 n 1   n 1 1   1
 t  n    t  n 1   .......   t    1
 t   t   t A = (x2 – x1)y
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y = 3x1 and y = 30 – 2x2

1
£  30  y y 
2n  1 A (y) =   y
[Equality holds at x = p/4 ]  2 3
6A(y) = (90 – 3y – 2y)y = 90y – 5y2
 1 
also f (0) = 0 Þ range of f (x) is 0,  6A' (y) = 90 – 10y = 0 Þ y=9 ;
 2n 1 A''(y) = – 10 < 0
2.
21
x1 = 3 ; x2 =
2
 21  15 ·9 135
Amax=   3  9 = = Þ (C)
 2  2 2
4.

Point A(a, y1) lies on C1 and C2

hence y1 = a2 – 3 and y2 = ka2
Þ a2 – 3 = ka2 ....(1)
dy
now y = kx2 Þ  2kx
dx
dy  y 2  y1
\ dx  ( a , y1 ) = 2ka = 1  a function is inc. in (–¥ , –2)  (0 , ¥)
function is dec. in (–2,0)
( But y2 = 1 – 3 = – 2 )
x = –2 ® local maxima
x = 0 ® local minima
28 Narayana Junior Colleges
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

Derivable  x R – {0,1} –

f ' (0 )  0 , f ' (0  )   4


 8.
 f ' (1 ) 1 / 2 , f ' (1 )  3

Continuous  x R . S-1 : f must be continuous Þ false

5. S-2 : x = c is local max. & inflection point
Þ false

S-4 : Consider f (x) = x3 at x = 0

f–1(x) = x1/3 , not differentiable at x = 0
9. 0 £ f ' (t) £ 1 t Î [–1, 0]
For cylindrical pot V = pr2h
0
dV  2 dh
= p r
dr 
 h · 2r 
Þ0£  f ' ( t) dt £1 ;
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1
dt  dt dt 
0 £ f (0) – f (–1) £ 1 ....(1)
dr now, –1 £ f ' (t) £ 0 t Î [0, 2]
(r = constant, = 0)
dt 2
dh –2 £  f ' (t ) dt £ 0
hence, 100 = pr2 0
dt
–2 £ f (2) – f (0) £ 0 ....(2)
225 dh 15
100 = p · · (r = cm) (1) + (2)
4 dt 2 –2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 1
dh 400 16 Alternatively : use LMVT once in [– 1, 0] and
= = cm/min then in [0, 2]
dt 225 9
6. Consider h (x) = g (x) – 4 f (x), in [2, 4] t  3x  x 2
also h (2) = g (2) – 4 f (2) = – 32; h (4) = – 32 10. f (x) = ;
x4
Þ h ' (x) = 0 for atleast one x Î (2, 4) using
Rolle's theorem ( x  4)(3  2 x )  ( t  3x  x 2 )
7. f ' (x) =
( x  4) 2
for maximum or minimum, f ' (x) = 0
– 2x2 + 11x – 12 – t – 3x + x2 = 0
– x2 + 8x – (12 + t) = 0
for one M and m,
D>0
64 – 4(12 + t) > 0
tan q = x/r Þ x = r tan q
16 – 12 – t > 0 Þ 4 > t or t<4
Þ dx/dt = r sec2 q (dq/dt) = r w sec2q = v sec2q
where q = p/8, dx/dt = v sec2(p/4) =
2 v = 40 km/hr ; q = 45º
Narayana Junior Colleges 29
 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
x  x 2 
This has a maxima at x = 0 however this
 t 2 

11. S(x) =  sin   sin   does not satisfy conditions stated in the problem
2  dt ;S ' (x) =  2  =0
0     Þ False
x 2 a a
= np Þ x2 = 2n 13. f ¢ (x) = 0 Þ x = or –
2 3 3
(1 £ x2 £ 5.76 as is given) f ¢¢ (x) = –6x
hence n = 1 or 2 a
Case I if a > 0 Þ x = – is minima
 x 2  3
x= or x = 2 ; S''(x) = cos  
2  2  . px a
  Case II if a < 0 Þ x = is minima
3
S''( 2 ) < 0 and S''(2) > 0 a a
Þ minima at x = 2 put x = and then x = – in the given
3 3
12. I. consider the function f (x) = - x4 , inequality to get the result
f ¢ (x) = - 4 x3 & f ¢¢ (x) = - 12 x2. 14.
Here f (x) has a maxima at x = 0 but
f ¢¢ (0) = 0 Þ False.
II. f (x) = cos x + 1 is periodic with period 2p
but  (cos x  1) dx = sin x + x is not periodic.
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T
III.  f ( x  a ) dx , let x + a = y ;
0
dr
a T 0 T a T  c and h = ar + b ;
dt
 f ( y) dy =  f ( y) dy +  f ( y) dy +  f ( y) dy dh dr
a a 0 T
also =3 (given)
a T dt dt
consider  f ( y) dy ; y=T+v dr
a 3
dr
T \ Þ a=3
dt dt
a a
hence h = 3r + b
 f (v  T) dv =  f (v) dv . when r = 1 ; h = 6 Þ 6=3+b
0 0
Þ b=3
T T \ h = 3 (r + 1)
Hence  f ( x ) dx =  f ( x  a ) dx Þ True. V = p r h = 3p r2(r +1) = 3p (r3 + r2)
2
0 0
dV dr
IV. = 3p (3r2 + 2r)
dt dt
dV
where r = 6 ; = 1 cc/sec
dt
dr dr
\ 1 = 3p (108 + 12) Þ 360 p =1
dt dt
 x if x0 dV
 again when r = 36 , =n
f (x) =  1 if x0 dt
 x if x0

30 Narayana Junior Colleges

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

dr there must be either 0 or 2 critical point.

n = 3p ((3.36)2 + 2.36 ) 18. light transmission rate (per square metre) of the
dt
coloured glass be L and Q be the total amount
1 of transmitted light.
n = 3p . 36 (110) . 360  Then, Q = 2ab (3L) + 1/2  b2 (L)
Q = L/2 {  b2 + 12ab}
n = 33 Þ (D) Q = L/2 {  b2 + 6b (K - 4b -  b)}
15. f (x) = x – 1, 1 £ x £ 2 Q = L/2 {6Kb - 24b2 - 5  b2}
 dQ L
g (x) = x – 1 + b sin x, 1 £ x £ 2  {6K - 48b-10  b} = 0
2 db 2
f (1) = 0 ; f (2) = 1 Þ Rolle's theorem is not
6K
applicable to ' f ' but LMVT is applicable to f.  b= ... (ii)
( x – 1 is continuous and differentiable in 48  10
[1, 2] and (1, 2) respectively) d 2Q L
Now g (1) = b ; g (2) = 1 and and  {-48+10  } La
db 2 2
 Thus, Q is maximum and from (i) and (ii),
Function x – 1, sin x are both continuous in (48 + 10  ) b = 6K and K = 2a + 4b +  b
2
[1, 2] and (1, 2)  (48 + 10  ) b = 6 {2a + 4b +  b}
\ For Rolle's theorem to be applicable to g. 2b 6
Thus, the ratio = 
We must have b = 1 a 6
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16. (i) This statement is true, every continuous 19. f(x) is a differentiable function for x > 0.
function is bounded on a closed interval Therefore, for maximum or minima
(ii) True again, by Intermediate Value Theorem f (x)  0 must satisfy..
(iii) Not true, because maximum and / or
minimum values could also occur at a or b, 1
We have f(x) = ln x  bx  x 2 , x  0
without the derivatives being 0. 8
(iv) True. By the Mean Value Theorem there
1 1
exist a point between a and b where the  f (x)  .  b  2x for f (x)  0
8 x
f ( b)  f (a ) 2
derivative is exactly , a clearly (4x - b) = (b - 1) (b + 1), {b  0 (given)}
ba
Case I: 0  b < 1, (1) has no solution.
positive value.
Since R.H.S. is negative in this domain and
(v) Not always true, for example the function
L.H.S. is positive
might be strictly increasing guarenteeing the
derivative to be always positive. 1
Case II: b = 1,  x = is the only solution.
Thus the true statements are (i), (ii) and (iv) 4
and the correct answer is (D) when b = 1
17. The derivative of a degree 3 polynomial is a
2
quadratic. This must have either 0, 1 or 2 roots. 1 2 1 1  2 1
f (x)  1 2x   x2  x     x  
If this has precisely one root, then this must be 8x x 2 16  x  4 
repeated.
f (x) has no change of sign in left and right of
Hence we have f ' (x) = m(x – a)2, where a is
repeated root and m Î R. So our original x = 1/4.
function f has a critical point at x = a. Case III. b > 1, then
Also f ''(x) = 2m(x–a), in which case 1 2
f (x) =  b  2x = (x   ) (x  )
f ''(a) = 0. But we are told that the 2nd 8x x
derivative is non zero at critical point. Hence
Narayana Junior Colleges 31
 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

1 p(x) = 0 for some c Î (451/100, 46)

where    and  
4
 
b  b 2  1 and Hence the given expression has a solution in
the given interval.
1

4
 
b  b 2  1 . From sign scheme it is 22. As |f(x1) - f(x2)|  (x1 - x2)2  x1 , x2  R
 |f(x1) - f(x2)|  |x1 - x2|2 {as x2 = |x|2}
 0 for 0  x  
 f (x1 )  f (x 2 )
f (x)   0 for   x 
clear that   |x1 - x2|
  0 for x  x1  x 2

By the first derivative test, f(x) has a maximum Taking limit x1  x2, we get
at x =  and f(x) has a minimum at x = 
f (x1 )  f (x 2 )
20. Given that -1  p  1 lim  lim | x1  x 2 |
x1  x 2 x2  x2 x1  x 2
Consider f(x) = 4x3 - 3x - p
1 3  | f (x1 ) |  0 x1  R
Now, f(1/2) =  - p = -1 - p  0,
2 2  | f (x) |  0, which shows | f (x) |  0
(as p  -1)
{as modulus is non negative or | f (x) |  0}
also f(1) = 4 - 3 - p = 1 - p  0, (as p  1)
 f(x) has atleast one real root between  f (x)  0 or f(x) is constant function
[1/2, 1]  Equation of tangent at (1, 2) is
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Also, f  (x) = 12x2 - 3 > 0, on [1/2, 1] y2

 f (x) or y - 2 = 0 (as f (x)  0 )
1  x 1
 f (x) increasing on  2 ,1
   y - 2 = 0 is required equation of tangent.
 f has only one real root between [1/2, 1]  x2 
To find a root, we observe f(x) contains 23. p¢¢(x) = k(x – 1) Þ p¢(x) =   x   k,
k
4x3 - 3x which is multiple angle formula for  2 
cos 3  we put x = cos  3k
3
 4cos  - 3cos  - p = 0  p¢(–1) = 0 Þ k1 =
2
1 1
 p = cos3  or  = cos (p)  x2 3
3 Þ p¢(x) = k  2  x  2 
 
1 1 
 Root is cos  3 cos (p)   x 3 x 2 3x 
 
Now p(x) = k   k
21. Consider the function g(x) =  6 2 2 
x102 2323x101 45 2 Now by using p(–1) = 10, p(1) = –6
  x  1035x We get k = 6, k1 = 5
2 101 2
Now P(x) = x3 – 3x2 – 9x + 5
Now g(x) is a polynomial function
p¢(x) = 3(x2 – 2x – 3) = 0 Þ x = –1, 3 and
it is continuous and differentiable in the given
p² (3) > 0 and p¢¢ (– 1) < 0
interval , also g(46) = g(451/100)
Þ (–1, 10) (3, –22) are the points of y
Rolle’s theorem is applicable here.
maxima and minima & distance between them
By Rolle’s theorem g¢ (c) = 0 for some cÎ
(451/100 , 46) or = 1040  4 65

32 Narayana Junior Colleges

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

d d (  a 
24. Let, g(x) = [f(x) . f (x)] 0
dx d b  a 
to get the zero of g(x) we take function
h(x) = f(x). f (x)    a   as b  a increases
between any two roots of h(x) there lies at 26.
least one root of h (x)  0
 g(x) = 0  h(x) = 0  f(x) = 0 or
f (x)  0
If f(x) = 0 has 4 minimum solutions.
f (x)  0 has 3 minimum solutions.
h(x) = 0 has 7 minimum solutions.
 h (x) = g(x) = 0 has 6 minimum solutions.
25. given a  b  4
b  a  4  a  a  4  2a from similar s FBD and ABC,
a b cx y b
 or y     c  x 
 g  x  dx   g  x  dx  c b c
0 0
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 Z  Area of AFDE =
a 4 a
b sin A
 g  x  dx   g  x  dx xy sin A 
c
 cx  x 2  (1)
0 0 0<x<c
a 4a dZ b sin A c
 c  2x  0  x 
Let f  x    g  x  dx   g  x  dx dx c 2
0 0
 d 2Z  2
f ' x   g  a   g  4  a   2   b sin A  0
 dx  x c / 2 c
dg  x   Z has maxima as the only extrema, so the
Since  0 g  x  is  function greatest area of parallelogram AFDE.
dx
a  b  4 and a  2 , a  4  a b c2 1
   sin A  ABC
c 4 2
d (  a 
g a  g 4  a , 0
da p2 p 1
1 1
  q2 q 1
d (  a  d  b  a  2 2 2
 0 r r 1
d b  a  da
R2  R2  R1 , R3  R3  R1
d (  a 
 2  0
d b  a 

Narayana Junior Colleges 33

 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

p2 
1
p 1  cos    0     / 2 
3
 q2  p2 q p 0
4 2
r  p2 r  p 0  d2A 3 3
when   , 2
  ve 
3 d 2
1
=  q  p  q  r  p  r  
4  A is max. when   , the only critical
3
27.
point. Thus, max. (greatest) area
1     2  1
 A  r2 2sin    sin    3 3 r2
2   3  3  4
 
28. Applying R3  R3  R1  2 R2

2ax 2ax  a 2ax  b  1

f  x  b b 1 1
we get
0 0 1

2ax 2ax 1 2ax 1

Let O be the centre r the radius of the circle.   C2 C2 C1
Let QR be the chord parallel to the tangent at b b 1 b 1
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the point p on the circle.

 f   x   2ax  b
Let QPR   , QOD  ROD   ;
Area of PQR Integrating, we get f  x   ax 2  bx  c
where c is an arbitary constant.
1
 A  QRPD  QD  OP  OD  since f has a maximum at x=5/2
2
f   5 / 2   0  5a  b  0 (1)
 r sin   r  r cos  
Also f  0   2  c  2
1
 r 2  2sin   sin 2  , 0     / 2
2 and f 1  1  a  b  c  1
dA  a  b  1 (2)
  r 2  cos   cos 2  , solving (1) and (2) for a,b we get,
d
1 5
d2A a ,b
and    r 2  sin   2sin 2  4 4
d 2
1 2 5
dA
0 thus, f  x   x  x  2.
For max. or min. of A, 4 4
d
29.
 cos 2  cos   0
 2 cos 2   cos   1  0
  2 cos   1 cos   1  0
1
 cos   or cos   1
2

34 Narayana Junior Colleges

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

4
 Amax 
3 3
R
30.
dD 1  900  500
   x  500  0.4  1.5 
dx 300  x  x
P S T Q

5  900  750
  1   0.4  0
3  x2  x2
2  900  750
 3   2  1  2
 x  x
x 2  y 2  1 ......(1) , Q 1,0 
2 2
Let radius O is variable circle be r . 
3

x  900  750 
 x  12  y 2  r 2 .......(2)  2 x 2  1800  2250
Subsitute (2) from (1)
 2 x 2  4050  x 2  2025
1 r2  x  45 kmph
2x 1  1 r2 , x  OT
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2 31.
2 S
 r
RT  OR  OT 2 2  1  1  
 2 u
d
 l x 
1
area of QSR is A  QS .RT ,  
2 A P B
1
A2 
4
 QS 2 RT 2  l

2
sp  d 2  x 2
1  r 
A2  r 2  r 2   Lx
4  4 
 t1  a 2  x 2 t2 
v
1 2
A2 
16

r 4r 4  r 6  T
d 2  x2 L  x

u v
2
d  A 1 2
dr

16

16r 3  6r 5  0 , r  2
3  dT

x

1
dx u d 2  x 2 v
  1
d 2 A2 16
dt 2 16
 48r 2  30r 4     0
3
dT
dx
 0, v 2 x 2  u 2 d 2  u 2 x 2

Narayana Junior Colleges 35

 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

ud 5r 2  4r 2 sin 2  4
x
v2  u 2 4
r2 
5  4sin 
32. y  x  x3 y '  1  3x2
2 4
equation of tangent p  x1, y1  2
rmax 4 rmin 
9

y  y1  1  3 x12   x  x1  rmax  2 rmin 
2
3
meet curve again at  x2 , y2 
clearly r is max for sin 2  1    / 4
  
x2  x33  x1  x13  1  3 x12   x2  x1  min for   3 / 4

 x2  x1  1   x22  x1x2  x12       2 3 2 3 
 2cos , 2sin and  cos ,  sin
4 4   3 4 3 4 
 x2  x1  1  3 x12 
 2 2
x22  x1x2  2 x12 0
  2,  2 
   , 
 3 3 
max min
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2
 x1  9 x12 x1 3 x1
 x2  2   4 , x2  2   2 34.
f  x   a0 x6  a1x5  a2 x 4  a3 x3  a4 x 2
x1  x2 (not possible)  x2  2 x1
 a5 x  a6
 3
Q is 2 x1, 2 x1  8 x1  f  x
 a0 x3  a1x 2  a2 x  a3
L1  ,   point of trisection of PQ x 3

2 x1  2 x1 a a a
  0 hence L1 lies on y-axis  4  52  63
3 x x x
L2  h, k  is other point 1/ x
 f  x 
lim 1  3   e2
x  4 x1 y  4 x1  16 x13 x 0  x 
h 1   x1 , k  1
3 3
1  f  x 
lim log 1 
x  x3  4 x1  16 x13 e x 0
x  x3   e2
k 1 1   x1  5 x13
3
1  f  x 
y  x  5 x3 lim log 1  3   2
x 0 x  x 
33. Let p   r cos , r sin  
a a a
1  a0 x 3  a1 x 2  a 2 x  a3  4  52  63
x x x 2
lim log
5r 2 cos 2   8r 2 sin 2  cos   5r 2 sin 2   4 x 0 x

36 Narayana Junior Colleges

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

Lt is  at a3  a4  a5  a0  0 2
4  108 2
f  x   a0 x 6  a1x5  a2 x 4 s x  4 x2  2 
 x 

lim
 
log 1  a0 x3  a1x 2  a2 x   2 8 108 
2
4
x 0 x s  x  x 
x2
44
f  x   a0 x 6  a1x 5  2 2
4 8 108 
Let f  x   x 
f '  x   6a0 x5  5a1x 4  8 x3 x2
f '  0   0 , f '  2   0 , f '    0 2
3 16 108 
f ' x   4 x  0
f '  0   0  a0 , a1 have any real value x 3

f '  2   0  6  32a0  5  6a0  8  8  0 at x  6 which is point of minima

12a0  5a0  4  0 Hence x  6cm y  3 2

f ' 1  0 6a0  5a1  8  0 l  9  36  45  l  3 5

36. Any root t0 to this equation gives two real &
 6a0  4  0 a0  2 , a1  12
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3 5
distinct value of x if t0  2 .
2 12
 f  x   x 6  x5  2 x 4 Thus, we need to find conditions in t we
3 5
have 3 real and distinct roots.
35. Let Length of the side of base be x cm and
y be the perpendicular height of the pyramid f  t   2t 3  9t 2  30  a
slant height be l .
f '  t   6t 2  18t  0  t  0,3
1
Volume   (base area)  height f  t   0 has 3 real & distinct root if
3

1 108 2 f  0  . f  3  0
v  x 2 y  36 2 (given) , y
3 x2  30  a  54  81  30  a   0
1  30  a  3  a   0
Surface area   (perimeter of base) 
2 a   3,30 
1
slant height     4n  l none of roots should lie in  2, 2
2
f  2   0 f  2  0
x2
From ERG, l   y2  16  36  30  a   0 16  36  30  a   0
4
a  22  0 a  10  0
2 a  22 a  10
x
s  2x  y 2  x4  4 x2 y 2 a  22
4

Narayana Junior Colleges 37

 JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

but a   3,30  5  800  40t   1050t  36000

 no solution
 240 
37. Since minimum occurs before maximum f '  t   1050 t 
a0  7 
Since a is a root of x 2  x  6  0  240 
f '  t   0 f '  t   1050 t  0
x  2  7 
g  x   ax3  bx 2  cx  d 240
t f ''  t   tx
3 2 7
g  x   2 x  bx  cx  d
240
g  x   6 x 2  2bx  c f has min at t  sec
7
 6  x  2  x  2  39.
x s2
b0 c  24 
since maximum & minimum values are non 
2 s1

zero g  2  & g  2  are  ve O

g  x   2 x3  24 x  d s s
T  t1  t2  1  2
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2 5
g  2   0  16  48  d  0 d  32
2
g  2   0  16  48  d  0 d  32 s1  , s2  6  2 tan 
cos
a  2 , b  0 , c  24 , d  32
38. 1 6  2 tan 
T  
cos 5
Q
50 2
60 0 T '  sec tan   sec2   0
5
O 80 0  20t
p A
 sec  tan   2 / 5sec 
After t sec
So AP  20t OQ  5t sin  2

OP  800  20t cos 5cos
In OPQ
21
2 2 2 sin   2 / 5,cos 
PQ  OP  OQ  20 POQ cos60 5
2 2
  800  20t   25t 2  2  800  20t  5t  1/ 2   2 tan   2   4
21 21
2
  800  20t   25t 2  5  800t  20t 
 k 4
21 miles
2 2
f  t   PQ   800  20t   25t  5 800t  20 t 2
 2
 40. Case - I :- x  2
f  t   2  800  20t  20   50t
f  x     x  2  2  x  2  x

38 Narayana Junior Colleges

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III

 x  2  2x  4  x  x  6  x
   x  6   x  2 x  6
Case - II :- 2  x  0
f  x    x  2  2  x  2  x
 3x  2  x  4 x  2
Case - III :- 0  x  2
f  x   x  2  2  x  2  x
 3x  2  x

  3 x  2   x, a  x  2 / 3

 2
 3 x  2   x, x2
 3

2 x  2, 0  x  2 / 3

f  x   2
4 x  2, x2
Narayana Junior Colleges

3
Case - IV :- f  x   x  2  2  x  2   x

 x  6  x

  x  6   x, 2  x  6


 x  6   x, x  6

6 2 x6

2 x  6 x6

Narayana Junior Colleges 39