Lab2 Hydrostatic force on a plane submerged surface

Objective
1. To find magnitude and position of the water pressure acting on the flat surface
submerge or partial submerge.
2. To compare magnitude and position of the water pressure from the experiment with the
theory.

Materials

1. Hydro static pressure apparatus. Fig1.

Fig.1 Hydro static pressure apparatus

Fig.2 Hydro static pressure apparatus details

Hydrostatic force analysis for experiment

1. Magnitude of force
- Water pressure (P) very with depth of water(h) . = specific weight
….(1)
….(2)

Fig.4 hydrostatic force on the flat surface

Force exerted by water on flat surface with cross section area = A , inclination angle
to water surface.
̅ ̅ ….(3)
̅ = distance from the OX axis to the center of gravity (C.G.) or centroid of area.
specific weight, = ( = water density) N/m3

Conclusion The magnitude of force ,F is equal to the pressure at the center of gravity
multiply with area of the force perpendicular to the flat surface

2. Center of pressure (C.P.)

̅
….(5)
̅ ….(6)
 ̅
̅
̅ ̅
….(7)

f c

W2 a
m2g

m1g W1
b

Fig.6 free body diagram of area before fill water

∑
….(4)

Case 1 : Complete immersion

 f c

W2 a
m2g

𝑦𝑝 𝑦̅
e y d
(m+m1)g F
W1
b

Fig.7 free body diagram of complete immersion

∑
( ) [ ( )] ….(8)

Eq8-Eq4, ( ) ….(9)

( ) ….(10)

̅( ) ….(3) แทนค่าใน (10)

̅( )
( ) …(11)

̅ และ substituting in (11)

( ) ....(12) from the experiment

( )

̅ ̅
* + * + …(13) from theory
( ) ( )

Case 2 : Partial immersion

 f c

W2 a
m2g

e 𝑦𝑝 𝑦̅ d
(m+m1)g F y
W1
b

Fig. 8 free body diagram of partial immersion

∑
( ) [ ( )] ….(14)
(14)-(4), ( ) ….(15)

( ) …..(16)

̅( ) ̅ และ substituting in (16)

( )
 ( ) ….(17) from experiment

̅
̅ ( )( )

….(18) from theory

Compare from laboratory with theory

Method
1. Set up the equipment.
2. Setting the beam to a balance by counter weight

3. Record the length of ( ) in table 1

4. Pour water to the tank and place 400 grams on to the balance pan then drain water until beam
balance again.
5. Read water level ( ) and record in table 2.
6. Reduce mass by 20 grams (380,360,340,….g.) and read water level repeat experiment until water
level is below the upper edge of flat surface.
Data record

Table 1

parameter Value (cm)

Water temperature (0C)

(mg/m3)
 Table 2 results for hydrostatic force on plane submerged surface (complete immersion)

No. m (g) y(cm)

(1) (2)
1 400
2 380
3 360
4 340
5 300
6 280
7 260
8 240
9 220
10 200

Table 3 results for hydrostatic force on plane submerged surface (partial immersion)

No. m (g) y(cm)

(1) (2)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Table 4 calculation (position of the water pressure) on plane submerged surface complete immersion

No. m (g) y(cm) ,cm (Lab.) ,cm (theory) %error

(1) (2) (3) (4) [(4)-(3)]/(4) *100
1 400
2 380
3 360
4 340
5 300
6 280
7 260
8 240
9 220
10 200

Table 4 calculation (position of the water pressure) on plane submerged surface partial immersion

No. m (g) y(cm) ,cm (Lab.) ,cm (theory) %error

(1) (2) (3) (4) [(4)-(3)]/(4) *100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10