PLACIDO T.

AMO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

AGRICULTURAL CROPS
PRODUCTION NC II
Learning Activity Sheet
Quarter 3- Week 7-8

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 COLLECT FARM WASTES

A. Background Information for Learners

Good waste management on farms is essential to ensure a healthy,

safe and productive farming enterprise. Farmers have obligations under
legislation to ensure their wastes do not impact on the environment.
The proper management of waste from agricultural operations can
contribute in a significant way to farm operations. Waste management helps
maintain a healthy environment for farm animals and can reduce the need
for commercial fertilizers while providing other nutrients needed for crop
production.
Agricultural waste are waste generated from planting and harvesting
crops, trimming or pruning of plants and wastes or run-off material wastes
from farms or fields. (i.e., manure, oil, silage , fertilizer, pesticides, and
herbicides)
Collection of farm waste is essential to ensure that these wastes will not
affect the health of people and the environment.

B. Learning Competency with code

1. prepare tools and materials for collection of farm waste,
2. collect waste following Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) and waste
collection requirements and plan,
3. collect dangerous and hazardous waste following the HAZMAT protocol.
TLE_AFAACP9-12PFW-IVe-g-11

C. Directions/ Instructions
After going through with this unit, you are expected to:
1. Read and follow each direction carefully.
2. Accomplish each activity for the mastery of competency.
3. Use the Learning Activity Sheets with care.

D. Exercises / Activities
D.1 INTRODUCTION

WHAT’S IN
Activity 1: Agricultural Waste vs Hazardous Waste

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 Give 5 examples of agricultural waste and 5 examples of hazardous waste
found in a farm.
Agricultural Waste Hazardous Waste
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.

WHAT’S NEW
Activity 2- Observe and Tell
Directions: Take a look at the pictures below and answer the following question.

1. Compare picture A from picture B. Describe each picture in 2 sentences.

2. What do you think is the effect of not collecting garbage properly to our
health and the environment?

D.2 DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS IT
ACTIVITY 3. Collecting Farm Waste

Collection of vegetative wastes involves equipment types such as

waste container, brooms, washers, haulers brush cutters, wheel barrow, and

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choppers. Common waste collection chores include washing, disinfecting,
and cleaning in corners, surfaces beneath fences, along partitions, in alleys,
and in stalls or pens. Regularly cleaned, neat-appearing facilities reduce
complaints about odors,and insects,. Warm, moist, manures are ideal for
pests and need to be frequently and thoroughly removed.

A Waste Container is a container for

temporarily storing waste, and is
usually made out of metal or plastic.

A Shovel is used for removing trash,

digging loose soil, moving soil from
one place to another and for mixing
soil media.

A Wheel barrow is used for hauling

trash, manures, fertilizers, planting
materials and other equipment.

A broom is a cleaning tool consisting

of usually stiff fibers (often made of
materials such as plastic, hair, or
corn husks) attached to, and
roughly parallel to, a cylindrical
handle, the broomstick.
Pressure washer or power washer
use of high-pressure water spray to
remove loose paint, mold, grime,
dust, mud, chewing gum and dirt
from surfaces and objects such as
buildings, vehicles and concrete
surfaces.

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A brushcutter (alsocalled a brushsaw
or clearing saw) is a
powered garden or agricultural tool
used to trim weeds, small trees, and
other foliage not accessible by
a lawn mower or rotary mower.
Various blades or trimmer heads can
be attached to the machine for
specific applications.

A forage harvester - also known as a

silage harvester, forager or chopper
-- is a farm implement that harvests
forage plants to make silage.

Waste Hauler – is a vehicle used in

collecting farm waste for transport.

COLLECTING FARM WASTE FOLLOWING OSH AND WASTE COLLECTION

REQUIREMENTS.
Occupational Safety and Health Standards (OSH) refers to a set of rules
issued by DOLE which mandates the use of appropriate practices, means,
method operations and processes, and working conditions reasonably
necessary to ensure safe and healthful employment. Moreover based on RA
9003 “The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000” It is stated in
Section 23 that:
1. All collectors and other personnel directly dealing with collection of solid
waste shall be equipped with Personal Protective Equipment to protect them
from the hazards of handling waste.
2. Necessary training shall be given to the collectors and personnel to ensure
that the solid waste is handled properly.
3. Collection of solid waste shall be done in a manner which prevents damage
to the container and the spillage or scattering of solid waste within the
collection vicinity.

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PPE’s TO BE USED TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF WORKERS

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 Safety Hats/Helmets
o Safety hats protect the
farmers’head from injury caused
by falling or flying objects.
o Should be worn in places where
farm work is going on or risk of
objects falling or flying is high.
o Ought to be worn where
equipment operation work is
going on.
o They come in various types
depending on the task being
performed and risk involved.

1. Respirators and dust masks

o Respirators and dust
masks protect farmers from
inhaling harmful substances
that may pose a threat to
their health thereby making
them unproductive.
o They also minimize odors from
especially decaying solidwaste.
o Others protect the farmers from
inhaling dust that might cause
respiratory problems.
o They come in various types and
designs depending on the task
being undertaken or being
performed and degree of safety
risk involved.

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 2. Safety Coveralls

o Protect the farmers from hazardous

Chemicals that may be in the
waste in the course of farm waste
operations.
o Protect the farmers from harmful
diseases causing Pathogens.
o Hinder the spread of diseases
causing pathogens from the waste
by the farmers.

4. Safety footwear

o Safety footwear protect farmers

from foot injury as a result of Sharp
objects piercing through the soles
or from falling objects.
o They also protect the farmers from
water borne disease causing
pathogens.
o They ought to have reinforced soles
and toe caps to enhance the
safety of the farmers’ feet.
o For farmers involved insolidwaste
management operations, rubber
boots are preferred. This is because
of the wet conditions that exist in
these operations.
5. Eye protection

Eye protection is important in the

following ways:

o Protect the eyes from sharp objects

that may cause injury or lead to
eyesight loss.
o Protect the eyes from harmful
chemicals that might be in waste
from spilling into the eyes.
o Protect the eyes from harmful Ultra-
Violet sun rays.

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 6. Safety gloves

o In Solid Waste Management

operations, hand gloves are
important to ensure the farmer is
protected from hand injury and
diseases causing pathogens.
o Latex or rubber gloves are suitable
for solid waste management
operations. However, Leather
gloves are used when dealing with
sharps and sharp objects such as
metal waste, glass among others.

WHAT’S MORE
ACTIVITY 4. Use Me

Directions: Below are pictures of Personal Protective Equipment. Identify the

name and use of each PPE. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.
Safety Gloves Safety Coveralls Safety hats/helmets

Eye Protection Safety Footwear Safety Gloves

Respirators and dust mask

2. _____________
1. _______________

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 3._______
4. ____________

5.___________
6. ______________

D.3 ENGAGEMENT
WHAT I CAN DO
ACTIVITY 5. Let’s Do It
Directions: Given the pictures below. Answer the following essay questions

into 3-4 sentences each. Write your answer in your activity

notebook.

1. How would you collect the waste in the farm? What tools will you use?

2. What would happen if you will not practice proper waste management?

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ACTIVITY 6. Additional Activity

Directions: Answer briefly and concisely. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.
Question: How important is proper waste collection? Why? Write at least 150
words

D.4 Assessment
Directions: Read each item below. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write
your answers in your activity notebook.
1. What is the reason why waste collectors need to use Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) in collecting farm waste?
a. PPE will protect them from the hazards of collecting wastes.
b. PPE will protect from the pathogens and diseases.
c. PPE will serve as shield from dirt.
d. All of the above
2. What is an agricultural waste?
a. It is a waste generated from harvesting trimming or pruning plants or farm
waste.
b. It is a waste from residential houses and establishments
c. It is a waste from humans and animals.
d. It is a waste from burning plastic.

3. These are examples of farm wastes, except.

a. Paper b. Manure c. Weeds d. Pesticide
4. These are examples of tools in collecting farm wastes, except.
a. Manure scraper b. Wheel barrow c. Chopper d. Rotavator
5. What type of PPE is used to protect the waste collector from foot injury?
a. Coveralls b. Eye Protection c. Safety Footwear d. Safety
hats/helmets

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6. You have given a dust mask to protect against hazardous fumes in a farm.
What should you do?
a. Do the job but work quickly.
b. Do not start the work until you have the correct PPE.
c. Wear a second dust mask on top of the first one.
d. Start to work but take a break.
7. The OHS Standard requires all waste collectors/employee
a. To undergo training in relation to their work
b. To use certain type of Personal Protective Equipment
c. To handle waste properly.
d. All of the above
8. Eye protection should protect the eyes from
a. Sharp objects b. Harmful chemicals c. Ultra violet rays
d. All of the above

9. A tool used for hauling trash, manures and fertilizers

a. Trash bin b. Wheel barrow c. Rake d. Shovel
10. A tool which uses a high pressure water to remove dirt, dust and mold.
a. Pressure washer b. Sprinkler c. Water Hose d. Hauler
11. A tool also known as silage harvester
a. Forage harvester b. Brush cutter c. Power cutter d. Chainsaw
12. What Republic Act refers to the Ecological Waste Management Act of
2000?
a. RA 9001 b. RA 9002 c. RA 9003 d. RA 9004
13. The following are examples of hazardous waste.
a. Manure b. Syringes c. Pesticides d. Both B and C
14. A vehicle used in collecting farm waste for transport
a. Dump truck b. Waste hauler c. Wheel barrow d. Loader

15. What refers to a set of rules issued by DOLE which mandates the use of
appropriate practices, means, method operations and processes, and
working conditions reasonably necessary to ensure safe and healthful
employment?
a. Occupational Safety and Health Protocol
b. Occupational Safety and Health Standard
c. Occupational Safety Procedure
d. Ecological Safety

E. References for learners

BULAT-AG, F. (2021) Self-Learning Modules for Technology and Livelihood Education
Module 7: Collect Farm Waste retrieved from

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https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1H4NGng_i_OfSJtW_aBC6Fwy6_T2TpL
Yf

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 GOOD PRACTICE IN HANDLING AND DISPOSING OF MATERIALS

A. Background Information for Learners

This lesson includes the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes in handling
and disposing materials in agricultural crop production. Specifically, the students will
be able to observe workplace practice involving handling and disposing of
materials as well as report problems and difficulties in completing work.

B. Learning Competency with code

a. workplace practice in handling and disposing of materials following
nursery policy, procedure and OHS requirements

b. Report problems or difficulties in completing work to required standards or

timelines to authority, based on company reporting procedure

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C. Directions/ Instructions
After going through with this unit, you are expected to:
1. Read and follow each direction carefully.
2. Accomplish each activity for the mastery of competency.
3. Use the Learning Activity Sheets with care.

D. Exercises / Activities
D.1 INTRODUCTION

WHAT’S IN
ACTIVITY 1. Matching Type
Instructions: Let’s see if you can match the following word with their correct
definition. Write your answer on the space provided before each number:
A. Materials made by nature that are necessary for life
Waste also called raw materials.
B. A specially constructed site for disposing of
garbage. The less garbage we throw away, the less
Resources we need this.
C. Made from raw or recycled materials, consumers
Conserve buy these every day.
D. Although this protects products before they bought,
Products some products like fresh produce don’t need any.
E. This can be collected in your community and made
Recyclable into a new product by a manufacturer.
F. Nature’s way of recycling food scraps and yard
Composting trimmings.

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 G. Something that can harm people or environment if
Landfill not disposed of properly.
Toxic H. To use wisely to avoid waste
Packaging I. Metal comes from this mineral or rock in the ground.
J. Food scraps, dried leaves, and other things you
Ore throw away.

Activity No. 2- Waste Material Identification

Identify at least fifteen (15) nursery work waste material in your farm. Classify
them if they can be recycled or compost. Write your answer in this table.
RECYCLE COMPOST

D.2 DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS IT
ACTIVITY 3. Good Practices in Handling and Disposing Waste
Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or
disposal, and monitoring of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials
produced by human activity, and is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on
health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste management is also carried out to
recover resources from it. Waste management can involve solid, liquid, gaseous or
radioactive substances, with different methods and fields of expertise for each.
Waste management practices differ for developed and developing nations,
for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial producers. Management
for non-hazardous waste residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is
usually the responsibility of local government authorities, while management for non-
hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the
generator.

Methods of Disposal
Integrated waste management
Integrated waste management using LCA (life cycle analysis) attempts to
offer the most benign options for waste management. For mixed MSW (Municipal
Solid Waste) a number of broad studies have indicated that waste administration,
then source separation and collection followed by reuse and recycling of the non-
organic fraction and energy and compost/fertilizer production of the organic waste
fraction via anaerobic digestion to be the favoured path. Non-metallic waste
resources are not destroyed as with incineration, and can be reused/ recycled in a
future resource depleted society.
Landfill

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 Disposing of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste, and this remains a
common practice in most countries. Landfills were often established in abandoned
or unused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
A properly designed and well-managed landfill can be a hygienic and
relatively inexpensive method of disposing of waste materials. Older, poorly
designed or poorly managed landfills can create a number of adverse
environmental impacts such as wind-blown litter, attraction of vermin, and
generation of liquid leachate. Another common byproduct of landfills is gas (mostly
composed of methane and carbon dioxide), which is produced as organic waste
breaks down anaerobically. This gas can create odour problems, kill surface
vegetation, and is a greenhouse gas.
Incineration is common in countries such as Japan where land is more scarce,
as these facilities generally do not require as much area as landfills. Waste-to-energy
(WtE) or energy-from-waste (EfW) are broad terms for facilities that burn waste in a
furnace or boiler to generate heat, steam or electricity. Combustion in an incinerator
is not always perfect and

there have been concerns about pollutants in gaseous emissions from incinerator
stacks. Particular concern has focused on some very persistent organics such as
dioxins, furans, PAHs which may be created which may have serious environmental
consequences.
Recycling
Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty
beverage containers. The materials from which the items are made can be
reprocessed into new products. Material for recycling may be collected separately
from general waste using dedicated bins and collection vehicles, or sorted directly
from mixed waste streams.
The most common consumer products recycled include aluminum such as
beverage cans, copper such as wire, steel food and aerosol cans, old steel
furnishings or equipment, polyethylene and PET bottles, glass bottles and jars,
paperboard cartons, newspapers, magazines and light paper, and corrugated
fiberboard boxes. PVC, LDPE, PP, and PS (see resin identification code) are also
recyclable. These items are usually composed of a single type of material, making
them relatively easy to recycle into new products. The recycling of complex
products (such as computers and electronic equipment) is more difficult, due to the
additional dismantling and separation required.
The type of recycling material accepted usually depends on what city and
country you live in. Each city and country have different recycling programs in place
that can handle the various types of recyclable materials.
Sustainability
The management of waste is a key component in a business' ability to
maintaining ISO14001 accreditation. Companies are encouraged to improve their
environmental efficiencies each year. One way to do this is by improving a
company’s waste management with a new recycling service. (such as recycling:

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glass, food waste, paper and cardboard, plastic bottles etc.)

Biological Reprocessing
Waste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food
scraps, and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and
digestion processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic
material is then recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping
purposes. In addition, waste gas from the process (such as methane) can be
captured and used for generating electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration)
maximizing efficiencies. The intention of biological processing in waste management
is to control and accelerate the natural process of decomposition of organic matter.
There is a large variety of composting and digestion methods and
technologies varying in complexity from simple home compost heaps, to small town
scale batch digesters, industrial-scale enclosed-vessel digestion of mixed domestic
waste (see Mechanical biological treatment). Methods of biological decomposition
are differentiated as being aerobic or anaerobic methods, though hybrids of the
two methods also exist.
Anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of MSW Municipal Solid Waste has
been found to be in a number of LCA analysis studies to be more environmentally
effective, than landfill, incineration or pyrolysis. The resulting biogas (methane)
though
must be used for cogeneration (electricity and heat preferably on or close to the site
of production) and can be used with a little it can be injected into the natural gas
network or further refined to hydrogen for use in stationary cogeneration fuel cells. Its
use in fuel cells eliminates the pollution from products of combustion.

Nursery Plant Maintenance and Activities

1. Plant maintenance usually refers to the methods, strategies, and practices
used to keep an industrial factory running efficiently. This can include anything from
regular checks of equipment to make sure they are functioning properly, to cleaning
garbage bins and toilets. The general aim of plant maintenance is to create a
productive working environment that is also safe for workers.
2. Since there are many different types of plants and factories, the ways to
maintain these facilities often vary. For example, a steel mill will have different
machinery than a food processing plant. This means that each place of business
generally has its own maintenance plan, tailored to its particularities. A maintenance
plan can include scheduling times for equipment checkups, trouble-shooting, and
general clean-up.
3. Most plants employ their own maintenance staff. This can include workers
such as on-site engineers, whose job is to make sure that machines continue to
operate effectively. This is an especially important for plants that use equipment
designed for assembly lines, since a stoppage of the line can be financially
damaging.
4. Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) is a maintenance strategy that is

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often employed in factories. This is an approach that not only seeks to maintain
minimal levels of plant efficiency, but also looks for ways to improve production.
RCM can include determining how to increase operating procedures, such as
maximizing a machine's uptime, which means increasing the amount of time the
equipment is actually producing. Such an increase can be accomplished by various
means, like adding more workers to a machine or by making engineering changes.
5. Preventative maintenance is also an important aspect of making sure a plant
runs efficiently. One common preventative measure is the periodic checking of
machinery to see if it is operating correctly. This can prevent equipment from
breaking down, or help to anticipate a possible problem that would otherwise cost
the plant money because of a work stoppage.
6. Janitors are an important part of plant maintenance. These maintenance
technicians do not work directly with machines, but instead make sure that the plant
facilities are clean and safe. This can include anything from removing garbage to
cleaning bathrooms and eating areas. Many times, janitors will be responsible for the
maintenance of the factory floor — and keeping it clean of any spills that could be
dangerous to equipment operators.

Nursery Hygiene and Quality Control

Garden hygiene
Everyday tidying up – collecting fallen leaves, removing diseased growth and
debris, cleaning tools, weeding, and not allowing neglected areas to become
breeding grounds for pests and disease.
1. It’s got to be cost cutting. Low overheads, with no rent or rates and less
electricity used for light and heat. Highly insulated, quality offices are
designed to maximize natural light and retain an ambient temperature.
More cash flow in the business, month to month, opens up possibilities for
growth. Garden offices do, I am told by an architect who made the switch,
start paying for themselves after one year rent free.
2. More time for life. No need to commute, other than down the garden path.
Eradicating that twice daily journey has gifted you with extra time, morning
and evening. Most garden-based professionals choose to spend it working
but others share the school run or take up a gym membership.
3. A healthier work/life balance. This was largely an unexpected benefit, which
came to the fore after a few months of garden working. It seemed to arise
from a variety of sources: less stress, no commute, having a dedicated and
professional space to work and hold meetings, more time for self or family,
more cash flow in business, less overheads to consider and the comfort of
being closer to home. Those with borderline hypertension or hereditary heart
disease benefitted most obviously.
4. Eco ego boost. With bombardment to the point of over-kill about the
environment and what we should be doing, it’s tempting to switch off and
ignore it all.

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 5. Inadvertently, working from your well-insulated garden office is probably THE
most environmentally friendly way to work. In truth, not many garden office
workers were concerned about this, having made the decision to change
premises for cost reasons. It was a fourth consideration.
6. Healthier environment. Who wouldn’t feel better working from a manicured
garden? Having a leafy outlook, all that oxygenation and photosynthesis
going on! In terms of inspirational and peaceful spaces, a garden outlook is
hard to beat. Having spoken to a structural engineer who had a small patch
of forest, an architect with a wide unkempt garden, a consultant with an
office under huge evergreens, a property developer from his landscaped
arena, a painter from a misty bog, a sculptor from a rocky outpost and many
more, heightened creativity was unanimously rated the most important
outcome of working from a healthier garden environment.

What’s More
Activity No. 3 Recycle Hunt
Materials:
● Sacks

● Recyclable and Compostable nursery materials

Instructions:
1. Label your sack into Recyclable and Compostable Items
2. In your nursery or farm or working area, gather as many waste material as you
can.
3. Segregate the gathered waste material into Recyclable or Compostable.
4. Place the segregated materials into the corresponding sack.

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 What I Have Learned
Activity No. 4 Find Me

Instructions: Look across, up, and down to find words in the word box.

Waste
Resources
Conserve
Products
Recyclable
Composting
Landfill

Toxic
Packaging
Energy
Paper

D.3 ENGAGEMENT
ACTIVITY 5.
WHAT I CAN DO
Many nurseries recognize the need to manage their operation in an
environmentally responsible manner but there is always room for improvement. The
nursery industry is by no means the main contributor to environmental problems it is
beneficial for all businesses and members of the community to adopt
environmentally sound practices. Some practices that have been used for many
years may need to be changed to reflect new circumstances. For example, there
has been a tendency to over-use water, fertilizers and pesticides.
Over-use of water
Many nurseries use excessive quantities of water and no WA operations are
currently recycling run-off. Water availability and efficiency may increasingly be a
strategic risk issue for nurseries if, as is likely, there are greater constraints on water use
in future.
Over-use and run-off of chemicals
Many nurseries may be using fertilizers and pesticides inefficiently. Besides
wasting costly materials, excess may be washed away with site water run-off and
contribute to river and groundwater pollution. There will be increasing future
requirements to prevent such pollution, especially in sensitive catchment areas.
Benefits of improvement
Benefits may include:

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 ● Cost savings: e.g. from the improved efficiency of fertiliser, pesticides, and
energy use and reduced waste
● Improved plant growth and productivity: excess water and fertilizer may be
counter productive
● Better planning of new operations: e.g. improved ability to renew planning
permission or to gain permission for new operations, especially in run-off-
sensitive areas
● Improved access to water licensing: by demonstrating responsible
management
● Avoidance of potential fines for breach of regulations: e.g. from chemical spill
into a watercourse or breach of pesticides regulations
● Avoidance of site contamination: maintenance of site value and avoidance
of cleanup costs
● Defense against unwarranted complaints: e.g. regarding the use of pesticides

D.4 ASSIMILATION

Summary

Maintaining good production nursery hygiene can minimize cross-

contamination and breeding environments for pests. This should be achieved in
combination with an effective pest monitoring/management program
In this lesson, you were provided with information regarding good practice in
handling and disposing of materials.

E. ASSESSMENT
TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is
wrong. Write your answer in a separate sheet.
1. Low overhead with no rent or rate and less electricity used for light and
heat is called cost cutting
2. No need to communicate, other than the garden path is “More time for
Life”
3. Healthy environment means a healthier life
4. Clean surrounding makes a peaceful mind.
5. Plant maintenance refers to the method, strategies and practice
6. A steel mill will have different machinery than a food processing plant
7. Reliability centered maintenance is a maintenance strategy that is often
employed in factories
8. Janitor are an important part of a plant maintenance
9. An important aspect of making a plan runs efficiently is called preventive
maintenance.

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 10. Trench composting is relatively simple. Simply dig a trench 8 - 8 inches
deep, fill with 3 - 4 inches of organic material and cover with soil
11. Bin can be constructed using 4' × 4' pallets fastened together to form a
box and lined with wire mesh.
12. Composting is nature's way of recycling. Composting biodegrades
organic waste. i.e. food waste, manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper,
wood, feathers, crop residue etc., and turns it into a valuable in- organic
fertilizer.
13. Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or
disposal, and monitoring of waste materials.
14. Temperature is directly proportional to the biological activity within the
composting system.
15. Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as
empty beverage containers.
Test B. Please answer the following question:
1. Is communication important? How? Why?
2. Among the given type of communication what do you think is the
most important? Why?

F. References for learners

MONTE, L. (2021) Self-Learning Modules for Technology and Livelihood

Education Module 9: Good Practice in Handling and Disposing of
Materials retrieved from
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hyO2Rgb65hCKe1-
ZZb2lz8F6gbQ2H6iO

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