8

AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Crop Production
Quarter 2 – Module 3
Processing Farm Waste
Week 5 and 6
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development and Quality
Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to
keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the
learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in
the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn

This module was prepared and written to help you achieve the required
competency in preparing crop production. This will be the source of information for
you to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular craft, with minimum
supervision or help from your teacher. With the aid of this material you will acquire
the competency independently and at your own pace.

WEEK 5 and 6

The module is divided into four learning outcomes;

 Learning Outcome 1 – Collect farm waste
 Learning Outcome 2 – Identify and Segregate Waste
 Learning Outcome 3 – Treat and Process Farm Waste
 Learning Outcome 4 – Perform Housekeeping

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. prepare tools and materials for collection of farm waste
2. collect waste following OSH and waste equivalents and plan
3. collect dangerous and hazardous waste following HAZMAT protocol
4. identify waste by categories according to industries, standards and
environmental
5. Placing stored waste into labeled container to avoid littering and prevent
cross-contamination.
6. Handle dangerous and hazardous waste according to organizational
requirements and relevant legislation following procedures.
7. process farm waste following environmental legislation of codes
8. apply principles of (reduce, reuse and recycle)
9. Display appropriate warning signs and labels in conspicuous places
around the workplace.
10. Clean work area according to 5S principles.
11. Check, Clean and Store away tools according to established industry
procedure and following users.
12. Check PPE for damage and ensure that clean and undamaged equipment
is properly stored.
13. perform record keeping according to industry requirements
WEEK 5 and 6

Let’s Try

Directions: Fill-in the blank the word that complete the sentence. Select the answer
in the box. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper and send in your
Google classroom or messenger.

Composting Agricultural waste Waste management Red

Corrosivity Ignitability Reactivity Hazardous waste

White Toxicity Blue

1._________waste composed of organic waste.

2._________heps maintain healthy environment for farm animals.
3._________a method refers to waste which is decomposed by aerobically through a
biochemical process.
4._________hazardous flammable wastes.
5._________corrosive wastes.
6._________toxic wastes.
7._________reactive wastes.
8._________color of areas in the farm wastes map that is high risk of pollution.
9._________wastes that is dangerous to harmful human health.
10._______color of areas in the farm wastes map that organic should never apply.

Lesson PROCESSING FARM

5/6 WASTES
Introduction

Agricultural Waste is unwanted or unsalable materials produced

wholly from agricultural operations directly related to the growing of crops or
raising of animals for the primary purpose of making profit or for livelihood.

Learning Outcome 1 – Collect Farm Waste

Learning Objectives:
 1. Prepare tools and materials for collection of farm waste
2. Collect waste following OSH and waste equivalents and plan
3. Collect dangerous and hazardous waste following HAZMAT protocol

Let’s Recall

Directions: Write your answer in your notebook.

1. What are the different general cleaning procedures?

Let’s Explore

Directions: Visit the link below and answer the following questions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rh1CyyHh47w
1.
2. 1. What is the video presentation all about?
3. 2. What are the different processes of composting?

Let’s Elaborate

Information 1:1
Agricultural waste is composed of organic waste [animal excreta in the form
of slurries and farmyard manures, spent mushroom compost, soiled water and
silage effluent.
Include:

- Natural waste
- Animal waste
- Plant waste

Field Wastes

 Weeds
 Straws
 Animal Wastes
 Animal Dung
 Dead Bodies
 Agro-Industrial Wastes
 Sugar cane: Molasses, Peals

Waste management

Waste management helps maintain healthy environment for farm animals

and can reduce the need for commercial fertilizers while providing other nutrients
needed for crop production.
 The proper waste management of waste from agricultural operations can
contribute in a significant way to farm operations. The purpose of waste
management is to protect the environment and the public by keeping manure and
contaminated without surface and ground water and controlling application of
manure nutrients to crop land such as that nutrients are available in the right
quantity at the right time and the right places.
Waste collection

a. Establish a routine programmed for collection.

b. Collect ward waste daily
c. Waste should be sealed
d. All containers and bags should be labeled
e. Full containers should be immediately replaced with empty containers or
bags.
Management Processes
1. Source
2. Generation
3. Collection
4. Transportation
5. Disposal

Collection:
1. Waste like fruit and vegetable waste are collected from houses called
domestic waste.
2. Waste collected from Road Street or side.
3. Collected waste like dry refuse and green waste, animal dung from
agricultural field

COMPOSTING
Composting is a method in which organic matter present in agricultural
waste is decomposed by aerobically/an aerobically through a biochemical process
and converted into humus.

Composting is divided into

1. Preparation of agricultural waste
2. Decomposition
3. Product preparation and marketing

Tools and materials for collection of farm waste

Compost manure preparation
To encourage use of locally available materials to prepare organic fertilizer
that is economically and environmentally sound in line with Pathway” approach to
suitable agriculture.

Materials Required:
1. Shovel
2. Forked hoe
3. Composting materials
4. Yard waste and kitchen scrap
5. Garden hose
6. Buckets of water
7. Finished compost and garden soil
 Ways to prepare compost
 Fast composting
 Slow composting

Why compost?

Why is so special about compost? Why not use organic matter directly? The
biggest advantage of using compost is that the organic matter is partially decayed
and has a much smaller volume. Further, is the microorganism actively has started
in the post before it is applied to crops, allowing for a very high concentration of
these microorganisms. This makes the compost a concentrated, easy to-absorb
source of organic matter that benefits crops and reduce waste.

Process of Pit Composting

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQRSqpp0nxw
Farm Waste Management

Farm waste management covers the responsible storage, collection and

disposal of all the preparation and implementation of a farm waste management
plan.
Farm Waste Management Plan

The Farm Waste Management Plan must take into account the collection,
storage and disposal of all farm wastes. Implementation of the plan will reduce the
risk of pollution and prevent the loss of valuable nutrients.
Parts of the plan

Part I- completed farm waste checklist for the farm that ensures a high standard of
farm management.
Part II - completed Farm Waste Location Plan-copy of your farm map showing areas
of farm suitable and unsuitable for spreading farm waste.
Farm Waste Location Plan; a farm waste location plan is a copy of your farm map

 Blue-waterways including farm boundary

 Red -areas where organic waste should never applied
 Orange- areas where there a high risk of pollution.
 Green- all remaining areas can be used for spreading at any time of the
year when land and weather condition are suitable.
 White- areas not normally used for spreading organic wastes and mark x.

Sample map
FOUR TYPES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

1. Ignitability or something flammable

Types of ignitable forms

f. Liquids with flash point

g. Solids and spontaneously combined
h. Oxidized and compressed glasses

2. Corrosivity or something that can react or decompose

Corrosivity – corrosive substance such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and

sulfuric acid, have the ability to eat condense, causing the leakage of
harmful materials. A corrosive is something liquid with ph of less than to
12.5 or has the ability to corrode steel.

3. Reactivity –given this instability, reactive wastes can be very dangerous.

The EPA recognizes that there are too many conditions and situations to
identify all type of reaction materials.

4. Toxicity- poisonous materials pose a threat to ground water, in which can

have long term effects to human health and the environment. This is
different from the fuel three characteristics group, which the EPA views as
containing immediate and first hand dangerous.

Example of hazardous waste

a. Batteries
b. Paints
c. Solvents
d. Cleaning agents
e. Pesticides

Hazardous waste can be treated by chemical, biological and physical

methods. Chemical methods include ion exchange, precipitation, oxidation and
reduction and neutralization. Among thermal method is high-temperature
incineration, which not only can detoxify certain organic wastes but also can
destroy them.

Hazardous waste is waste that has substantial or potential treats to public health
or the environment. It is a waste with properties that make them dangerous or
potentially harmful to human health or the environment. It can be liquids, solids,
contained gases.
 Let’s Dig In

Directions: Make a Poster on Proper Waste Disposal. Send the output in your
Google classroom o messenger.
MATERIALS NEEDED

Quantity Description
1 pc White Cartolina/Bond paper
1 pc Pencil
1 pc Ruler
1 set Crayons

Instructions:

1. Prepare the needed materials

2. You learned on the information sheets 1.1 the proper way of disposing waste
and the government laws regarding this. Imagine you are a farmer and you
need to dispose your farm waste

Let’s Remember

Directions: Identify the correct word to complete the sentence. Write your answer in
your notebook.
1.______helps maintain healthy environment for farm animals and can reduce
the need of commercial fertilizer.

2._______covers the responsible storage, collective and disposal of all the

preparation and implementation of farm waste.
3._______a copy of your farm map
4._______ it is corrosive substance such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and
sulphuric acid.
5. _______poisonous materials that a threat to ground water

Let’s Apply

Directions: To be familiar with dangerous and hazardous waste you will make a
pictorial report. Send it in your Google classroom or messenger.

1. Task yourself to do the following activities.

a. Lists {5} the existing hazardous waste found in your house.

b. Take a picture of this different hazardous waste.
 2. Make a compilation of your photos and listing, including how they can be
treated.

3. This will be your pictorial report.

4. If you have questions or queries approach your teacher.

Performance Criteria checklist

Do the learners NO YES N/A Points

Lists the hazardous waste 5

Take pictures 5
Do the compilation of the photos 5

Described how they can be treated 5

Submitted the pictorial report together the information 5
on how the hazardous waste treated
5
Able to answer the questions regarding the activity

TOTAL = 30

Learners name: _______________ Date: ____________

Comments/Suggestions:

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write your answer on separate

of paper and send the answer in your Google classroom or messenger.

Column A Column B
1. Composed of organic waste, animal excrete a. Animal dung
2. Kind of animal waste b. Agricultural waste
3. Kind of plant waste c. Corrosivity
4. helps maintain healthy environment and other
d. Molasses
nutrients for crop
5. method of organic matter present in agricultural
e. Compost
waste decomposed by aerobically
6. material needed for composting f. waste management
7. Take account the collection, storage plan and disposal g. Farm management
8. copy of farm map h. composting materials
9. color code that includes waterways and boundary I. blue color
10. remaining waste that can be used for plan spreading
j. Farm waste location
throughout the year
k. Green color
l. Orange color
 Let’s Extend

Directions: Scrapbook of hazardous waste materials

1. Collect materials
2. Clip pictures from the internet
3. Pictures taken from the online site, copy the URL and paste below the picture.

Learning Outcome 2 – Identify and Segregate Waste

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify waste by categories according to industries, standards and

environmental
2. Placing stored waste into labeled container to avoid littering and prevent
cross-contamination.

Let’s Try

Directions: TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is correct and F if the

statement is incorrect. Write your answer in separate sheet of paper and send it in
your Google classroom or messenger.
1. Liquid waste includes dirty water, wash waste, waste detergents and rain water.
2. Solid rubbish is waste like, plastic waste, paper waste, tins, metal etc.
3. Organic waste is a waste like newspaper, cardboard, etc.
4. Recycled rubbish includes food waste garden waste and manure waste.
5. Hazardous wastes are flammable, toxic, corrosive and reactively waste.
6. Commercial wastes are produced from school, shop and offices.
7. Chemicals supplied in packages that most correctly labelled.
8. Farmers must ensure that original levels must remain in containers or
substances.
9. The chemicals in a container must not be labelled when poured in second
container.
10. Labeling is necessary if substance is used immediately.

Let’s Recall

Directions: Classify the following hazardous wastes. Write your answer in

your notebook.
1. Batteries 3. Paints 5. Pesticides
2. Solvents 4. Cleaning Agents
 Let’s Explore

Directions: Visit the link and watch the video presentation. Answer the
following question https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlwgMnT3KNc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xt8Ozctjn6I
1. What are the types of waste?
2. What is the classification of waste?

Let’s Elaborate

Waste can be classified into five types of waste which is commonly found
around the house. This includes liquid waste, solid rubbish, organic waste,
recyclable rubbish and hazardous waste. Make sure that you segregate your waste
into different types to ensure proper waste disposal.
Types of waste
1. Liquid waste-commonly found both in households as well as in industries.
This waste includes dirty water, organic liquids, wash water, wash
detergents and even rain water. You should know also source waste that
liquid waste can be classified into point and non point source waste. All
manufactured liquid waste is classified as point.

On the other hand, natural liquid waste is classified as non-point source

waste.

2. Solid rubbish-include variety of items found in your household along with

commercial and industrial locations. Solid rubbish is commonly broke down
into following types:

a. Plastic waste-consist of bags, containers, jar, bottles and many

other products that can be found in your household. Plastic is not a
biodegrable, but many types of plastic can be recycled. Plastic should
not be mixing your regular waste; it should be sorted and placed in
your recycling bin.

b. Paper/Card waste- includes packaging materials, newspaper,

cardboards and other products. Paper can easily be recycled and
reused so make sure to placed them in your recycling bin or take
them to the closest Brisbane recycling depot.

c. Tins and metals- this can be found in various forms throughout

your home. Most metals can be recycled. Consider taking these items
to a scrap yard or your closest Brisbane recycling depot to diagnose
all the waste type properly.

d. Organic waste- is common household waste. All food waste,

garden waste, manure and rotten meat are classified organic waste.
Over time organic waste is turned into manure by microorganisms.
However, this does not mean that you can dispose them anywhere.
 3. Organic waste in landfills cause the production of methane, so it must
never be simply discarded with general waste. Instead, look to get a green
bin from the Brisbane council, or hire a green skin bin or garden bag for
proper waste disposal.

4. Recycled rubbish- includes all waste items that can be converted into
products that can be used again. Solid items such as paper, metals, furniture
and organic waste can all be recycled. Instead of throwing, these items in with
regular waste, which then ends up in landfills, place them in yellow recycling
bin or take them to your local Brisbane recycling depot.

5 Hazardous waste- includes all types of rubbish that are flammable, toxic,
corrosive and reactively. This item can be harm you as well as the environment
and must be disposed of correctly. Therefore, I recommend you make use waste
removal company for proper disposal of hazardous waste.
Classification of waste

Sources of waste can be classified in four types: Industrial waste, Commercial,

Domestic and Agricultural.

1. Industrial waste - created in factories and industries.

2. Commercial waste-are produced in schools, colleges, shops and offices.
3. Domestic waste
4. Agricultural waste

Types of waste disposal

1. Recycling
2. Animal feed
3. Biological reprocessing
4. Incineration
5. Landfill
When speaking of waste, lean experts usually refer to: Transportation,
Inventory, Motion, Witting, Over processing, Overproduction and Defects

Cleaning items [including solutions, buckets, cleaning cloth and mop head]
should be changed after use. They should also change immediately following the
cleaning of blood or body substance spills. These items should be washed in
detergent and warm water, rinsed and stored dry between uses.

Safe Management of Chemical

1. Correct labeling and packaging
2. Provision of materials safety data sheets
3. Safe transport, storage, use and disposal of substances
Labeling and Packaging Chemicals

Chemicals must be supplied in packages that are correctly labeled and

suitable for the substances’ information provided on the label will depend on the
type of substance and the risk.

a. Signal words as “Caution” “Poison” or dangerous Poison-a signal word alert

used to the possibility of poisoning if the substance is swallowing, inhaled or
absorbed o the skin.
b. The Dangerous Goods[ADG] diamond, if there is an immediate risk to health or
e.g. keep away from combustible material

Ensure that containers remain labeled

Farmers must ensure that the original labels remain on containers or

substances. If a substance is poured into a second container such as spray tank
then that container must be labeled with the product name and appropriate risk
and safety phrases. These can be generally be copied from the parent container.
Labeling is not necessary if a substance is used immediately and its container is
thoroughly cleaned.

There are good reasons to ensuring that proper containers labels are used:

- Using food containers to store poisons can result in poisoning due to

accidental swallowing

- Insurance companies may questions liability if something goes wrong and an

unlabeled container has been the cause of accident.

- Produce cannot be exported if maximum residues limits are exceeded label

provide advice on permitted use and withholding periods for agricultural and
veterinary chemicals.

Material Safety Data Sheets

Material safety data sheets [MSDS] must be produced by thee

manufacture or importer of hazardous substance.

The MSDS is not just a piece of paper. It provides important and

useful advice about what is in the product, its health effects, safe use and
handling, storage, disposal, first aid and emergency operation. Farmers must
obtain the MSDS from their supplier and keep them in register where they are
available to people who could be exposed to the hazardous substance.
The register is a collection of the MSDS and other information which
can be kept in a folder, filling cabinet or other practical system.

The register can kept in the house, workplace of the chemical store,
so long as it remains accessible to emergency service personnel and any
employees who may be exposed to hazardous substances.
Waste storage facilities

a. Impermeable, hard standing

b. Good drainage
c. Easy to clean surfaces
d. Convenient water supply
e. Ready accessible to staff
f. Secure and lockable
g. Good lighting and ventilation
h. Proofed against rodents, insects and birds

Waste labelling
a. Date of production
b. place of production[e.g. ward/ establishment]
c. Waste quantity
d. Waste category
e. Waste destination
f. UN symbol and class

Let’s Dig In

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly in your notebook.

1. What is Waste?
2. Give at least 5 examples of types of waste.

Types of Waste Examples

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Let’s Remember

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write it in your notebook.

1. What is liquid waste?
2. Differentiate Solid Rubbish from Recycled Rubbish waste?

Let’s Apply

Directions:

1. Visit your tool room and identify {5} tools, containers which are not thoroughly
cleansed and record using the table below.
Record of Cleaning tools, containers, handling and storage area

What has Name of

Date and Corrective Name of the
been chemicals Signature
time actions cleaner
cleaned being used

Rubrics:
Identify tools, containers =5 pts.
Cleanliness =5 pts.
Corrective actions made =5 pts.
Total=15 pts.

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Identify the word that complete the sentence .Choose your answer
inside the box. Write your answer in separate sheet of paper.

Liquid Plastic Hazardous Paper/card MSDS

Organic Recycled Farmer Commercial
Labelling Chemical Industrial

1._____ waste from dirty water, organic liquids, washes water.

2._____ includes newspapers, packaging materials and cardboards.
3._____ waste consists of bags, containers, jar and bottles.
4.______ includes food waste, garden waste, manure and rotten meat.

5.______ includes waste that can be converted into products that can be used
again.
6.______ waste includes all types that is flammable, toxic.
7.______ provides important and useful advice about what is in the product, it’s
health effects etc.
8.______ waste hat are produce from school, shop and offices.
9.______ ensures that all original level must remain in container or substances.
10._____it is necessary that substances are used immediately.
 Let’s Extend

Directions: List down the different wastes found in your house {5} only, Write it in
your notebook and classify according to type of waste
Learning Outcome 3 – Treat and Process Farm Waste
Learning Objectives:
1. Handle dangerous and hazardous waste according to organizational
Requirements and relevant legislation following procedures.
2. Process farm waste following environmental legislation of codes
3. Apply principles of (reduce, reuse and recycle)

Let’s Try

Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write your answer in a sheet of paper
and send in your Google classroom or messenger.

Column A Column B

1. The Philippine Environmental Code a. RA 9003

2. Mandated specific guidelines to manage b. BLUE

Municipal waste [solid and liquid, sanitary
Landfill and incineration, and disposal sites in c. RED
The Philippines.
d. PD 984
3. Toxic Substances, hazardous and Nuclear
Wastes Control Act e. RA 8749

4. Pollution Control Law f. Presidential Decree

(PD) 1152
5. Clean Air Act g. PD 1152

6. Ecological Solid Waste Management Act h. Republic Act (RA)

6969
7. Waterways including any on the farm boundary i. WHITE

8. Areas where organic waste should never be j. GREEN

Applied

9. Areas not only used for spreading k. PAPER CARD

WASTE
10. Waste consists of bags, containers, bottles l. TIN AND METAL
 Let’s Recall

Directions: Answer the following questions in your notebook.

1. What are the different waste disposals?
2. What are the different classifications of waste?

Let’s Explore

Directions: Watch the video presentation and answer the questions below. Visit the
link below . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OasbYWF4_S8&t=127s

1. What is the video presentation all about?

2. What are the principles of 3R’s

Let’s Elaborate

Information sheet 1.1

Rules in handling of hazardous materials

 Rule #1 Follow all established procedures and perform job duties as you’ve
been trained.

 Rule #2 be cautious and plan ahead. Think about what could go wrong and
pay close attention to what you’re doing while at work.

 Rule #3 Always use required PPE- inspect it carefully before each use to
make sure it’s safe to use. Replace worn out or damage PPE it won’t provide
adequate protection.

 Rule #4 make sure all containers are properly labeled and that the material
is contained in an appropriate container. Don’t use any material not
contained or labeled properly. Report any damaged containers or illegible
labels to your supervisor right away

 Rule #5 Read all labels and the material safety data sheets [MSDS] before
using any material to make sure you understand hazardous and
precautions.

 Rule #6 Use all materials solely for the intended purpose. Don’t for example;
use solvents to clean your hands, or gasoline to wipe down equipment.

 Rule #7 never eat or drink while handling any materials and if your hands
are contaminated, don’t use cosmetics or handle contact lenses.

 Rule #8 Read the labels and refer to MSDS to identify properties and
hazardous chemical products and materials.
  Rule #9 Stores all materials properly, separate incompatibles, and store in
ventilated, dry, cool areas.

 Rule #10 keep you and your work area clean. After handling any material,
wash thoroughly with soap and water. Clean work surfaces at least once a
shift so that contamination risks are minimized.

 Rule #11 Learn about emergency procedures and equipment,

Understanding emergency procedures means knowing evacuation
procedures, emergency reporting procedures, and procedures dealing with
fires and spills. It also means knowing what to do in a medical; emergency if
co-worker is required or overcome by chemicals.
Republic Act 9275 Philippine CLEAN WATER ACT of 2004

The law aims to protect the country’s water bodies from pollution from land-
based sources [industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and
community households’ activities]
Five Environmental Laws
1. Clean Air Act
2. Endangered Species Act
3. Montreal Protocol
4. Clean Water Act
5. Reformation Plan No.3 of 1970

Environmental Laws

Presidential Decree [PD] 1152,”the Philippine Environmental Code” which

took effect in 1977, provides a basis for an integrated waste management
regulation stating from waste sources to methods of disposal. PD 1152 has further
mandated specific guidelines to manage municipal waste [solid and liquid], sanitary
landfill and incineration and disposal sites in the Philippines. In 1990, the
Philippines Congress enacted the Toxic Substances, Hazardous and Nuclear
Wastes Control Act, commonly known as Republic Act [RA] 6969, a law designed to
response to increasing problems associated with a toxic chemicals and hazardous
and nuclear waste in the country. The Act seeks to protect public health and
environment for unreasonable risks posed by these substances in the Philippines.
Apart from the basic policy, rules and regulations of RA 6969, hazardous waste
management must also comply with the requirements of other specific
environmental laws, such as PD 984 [Pollution Control Law]. PD 1586
[Environmental Impact Assessment System Law] RA 8749 [Clean Air Act] and RA
9003 [Ecological Solid Waste Management Act] and their implementing rules and
regulations

The principle of reducing waste, reusing and recycling resources and

products is often called the “3Rs”. Reducing means choosing to use things with
care to reduce the amount of waste generated. Reusing involves the repeat use of
items or parts of items which still have usable aspects.
6 Ways to Reuse, Reduce and Recycle

1. One way to reduce is to reuse. Instead of using plastic bags, bring reusable
bags and Tupperware when going shopping or packing food or leftovers.
 2. Shop responsibly. When going out, purchase items that are easy to recycle.
3. Composting is your friend.
4. Start recycling
5. Go paperless
6. Buy second
The beneficial effects of applying the 3Rs:

 Prevents pollution caused by reducing the need to harvest new raw

materials.
 Saves energy

 Reduces greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change.

 Helps sustain the environment for future generations.
 Saves money

What will happen reduce, reuse and recycle?

The world looks different if everyone recycled. Most likely, it would be cleaner
and make more use of available resources. Landfills would shrink tremendously.
Recycling plants would be an epicenter of activity.

Reducing and reusing products cuts down on manufacturing pollution, just

as the use of recycled instead of virgin materials prevents pollution in industrial
processes. Households can save money by reusing materials and products and by
practicing smart shopping habits that reduce waste.

Recycling two glass bottles saves enough energy to boil water for five cups of
tea; less waste going to landfill will reduce releases of methane, a greenhouse gas
that contributes to climate change, recovering energy from waste means less use of
fossil fuels.
REDUCE - Purchase products that require less packaging or to limit the waste you
are producing. Reduce wastes as much as possible.

REUSE - Use a travel mug or reusable water bottle and avoid single-use bags. as
Reuse products many times as possible.

RECYCLE - Process of converting waste into reusable materials. Recycle

resources to the greatest possible extent.

Let’s Dig In

Directions: Classify the following recyclable waste materials in the

boxes. Write it in your notebook.

Cans Old clothes Newspaper

Paper bags Batteries Plastic bags
Leftover food Glass Bottles
Plastic bottles Candy wrapper
 Let’s Remember

Directions: Write your opinion, reflects after discussing this parts of the module.
Would it be enough to you to decide whether or not you will be a part of the waste
management? Write it in your notebook.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Apply

Directions: Identify the following waste. Put a () check according to: Write
your answer and send to Google classroom or messenger.

Waste Solid Liquid Hazardous Non-hazardous

1. Paint
2.Candy wrapper
3.Paper wrapper
4. Cooking Oil
5.Old clothes
6.Glass bottles
7.Left over foods
8.Pesticides
9.Styro cup
10.Syringe

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is incorrect. Write your

answer in your notebook and send.

1 Follow all established procedures and perform job duties.

2 Do not use required PPE.
3. Make sure that all containers are properly labeled.
4. Do not read all labels and material safety data sheets.
5 Use all materials solely for intended purpose.
6. Never eats or drinks while handling any materials on your hands.
7. Store all materials properly separate incompatibles, and store in ventilated
area.
8. Learn emergency procedure and equipments.
9. Clean Air Act law aims to protect the country water bodies from pollution.
10. PD 984 is a specific law for pollution control.

Let’s Extend

Directions: Make a Slogan or Poster out of this topic in your notebook.

 Clean Air Act

Learning Outcome 4 – Perform Housekeeping

Learning Objectives:

1. Display appropriate warning signs and labels in conspicuous places around the
workplace.
2. Clean work area according to 5S principles.
3. Check, Clean and Store away tools according to established industry procedure
and following users.
4. Check PPE for damage and ensure that clean and undamaged equipment is
properly stored.
5. Perform record keeping according to industry requirements.

Let’s Try

Directions; MATCH COLUMN A WITH THE COLUMN B. Write the letter only on
separate Sheets of paper

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. indicate an immediate hazard, if not avoided a. Caution Signs
2. refers to minor or moderate injury b. Notice Signs
3. a hazard level between caution and danger c. Safety Signs
4. provide general information relevant to an area d. General Signs
5. signify the actual or potential resume of a biohazard e. Admittance Signs
6. used to provides notices of general practice and rules f. Sort Signs
7. includes safety symbols that portray required g. Set in order
activities
8. decrease available space for a symbols h. Shine
9. indicates the location of emergency firefighting i. Standardize
equipment
10. bridges all the above categories j. Self-Discipline
k. Biological
l. Danger Signs

Let’s Recall

ESSAY
Directions: State the importance of Waste Management. Write it in your notebook.
 Let’s Explore

Directions: Identify the different signs. Write your answer in your notebook

1.______________ 2.___________ 3.__________

4.____________ 5.______________

Let’s Elaborate

Information 1.1
SAFETY SIGNS AND SAFETY LABEL REQUIREMENTS

Safety signs require the use of safety signs to indicate specific hazards that,
without identification, may lead to accidental injury to workers and/ or the public,
or lead to property damage. Keep signs simple and concise, but also make sure
they communicate sufficient information so that the message is clear.
TYPES AND MEANINGS

1. Danger signs - indicate an immediate

hazard which, if not avoided, will result in deaths
or serious injury. Danger signs should be limited
to the most extreme situations and signify that
special precautions are necessary. Messages are
printed in black or red letters on a white
background or white letters on black background.

2. Warning signs - represent a hazard level

between caution and danger.”Warning” indicates
a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury. Alert symbols
are written in black on an orange background.
 Additional wording and safety symbols are printed in black on the lower
portion of the sign.

3. Caution sign - indicates a potentially

hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result
in minor or moderate injury. Caution signs are used
in areas here potential injury or equipment damage
is possible, or to caution against unsafe practices.
‘CAUTION” is written in black letters on a yellow
background and is preceded by safety alert symbols.
The message and safety symbols in the body of the
sign are printed in black.

4. Biological Hazards Signs - shall be used to

signify the actual or potential presence of a biohazard
and to identify equipment, containers, rooms,
materials, experimental animals, or combinations
thereof, which contain, or are contaminated with
viable hazardous agents….presenting a risk or
potential risk to the well-being of man. Biohazard can
be black, fluorescent orange or orange-red color.

5. Notice signs - provide general information

that is important or relevant to a building, an
area, a machine, or equipment. The heading
“NOTICE” should be in white italic letters on a
blue background. Notice signs should never
include the safety alert symbol. The body of the
sign is white, and the message is in blue or black
lettering on a white background or white lettering
on a black background.

6. General safety signs - are used to provide

notices of general practice and rules relating to
health, first aid, medical equipment, sanitation,
housekeeping and suggestions relative to general
safety measures. Message and safety symbols
should be printed in green or black on a white
background. Signs may also be printed in white
on a green background. Signs should never
include the safety alert symbol.

7. Fire Safety Signs - are used to indicate the

location of emergency firefighting equipment .The
message and safety symbol are printed in red on
a white background or in white on a red
background. These signs do not indicate a
personal safety hazard; the safety alert symbol
must not be used. Fire safety signs are not used
to show the direction to fire equipment, but
rather its immediate location.
 8. Admittance signs — bridges all the above
categories. Admittance messages maybe on a general
safety sign with any header.

9. Safety symbols - signs and labels may include

safety symbols, often called pictograms pictorials or
glyphs. Safety symbols can portray required actions,
consequences, explicit direction, or the effects of
interaction with certain chemicals, machines and
other hazards.

10. Surround shapes - surround shape will

decrease the available space for a symbol,

THE 5’s of housekeeping

The five in a 5S workplace organizational and housekeeping methodology refers to
five steps:

 Sort
 Set in order
 Shine
 Standardize
 Sustain

5’s-is a reference to a list of five Japanese worlds translated ito English. This is
an approached of organizing and managing the workplace and and work flow
with the intent to improve efficiency by eliminating wastes, improving flow of
production, reducing process delays.

Standardize and sustain refers to methods used to ensure that safely and
well housekeeping is maintained.

The 5S is the practice of good housekeeping

A. SEIRI [Sort] – sort items that are useful from items that no longer use.
Throw away items that are useless. Useless items that are not yours return to
owner.

B. SEITON [Segregate]-mans items in proper order for easy use and safe
keeping

C. SEISO [Sanitize] - to clean your work place so that there would be no dust
anywhere

D. SEIKETSU - means maintaining high standards of housekeeping:

E. SHITSUKE [Self-discipline] - spontaneous practice 5s

 Types and kinds of cleaning solvents

Solvent is a component of a solution that dissolves solute and its usually

present in large proportion or amount. It can be classified as polar and no polar.
Polar solvents are solvents which dissolve/are soluble in water; while no polar
solvents are solvents in which do not dissolve/are insoluble in water. Solvents are
usually used for cleaning in workshops. They are water, gasoline, kerosene, thinner
and detergent soap.

Kinds of cleaning solvent based on solubility in water:

Cleaning solvent Solubility in Polar Non – polar

water
Gasoline Insoluble X
Kerosene Insoluble X
Thinner Insoluble X
Water Soluble X
Detergent soap Soluble X

Uses of cleaning solvent

Cleaning solvents Uses

Gasoline Wash greasy tools/equipment
Thinner Remove spilled paint on the floor, walls
and tools
Water Wash dust in the floor, walls ,etc
Kerosene Remove dust, grease oil, paint etc.
Detergent soap and water Wash/clean benches, tables, cabinets etc.
Storing tools and equipment

An important aspect of any business is the storage of tools and equipment.

The investment in tools and equipment is significant part of the overhead expenses
in any operation. Proper selection and maintenance equipment are important
factors in managing a business. Selecting the proper tool for the job and using the
tool properly will increase efficiencies and reduce maintenance problems.

A. Hand tools:
1. Clean dirt and debris from tools after use.
2 Oil metal parts to prevent rust
3 Lightly sand rough wooden handles and apply linseed oil
4 Repair loose handles
5 Sharpen blades of cutting tools.
6 Store tools in a clean dry storage area.
7 Protects surfaces of cutting tools in storage.
B. Power tools
1. Read and follow the maintenance schedule in the owner’s
manual for each piece of power equipment.
2. Change the oil.
3. Clean the air filter
4. Lubricate moving parts.
5. Sharpen dull blades or replace worn blades according to
owner’s manual.
6. Replace spark plugs.
 7. Drain oil and gasoline before long-term
8. Check electric cords and connections on electric-powered tools.
9. Store tools in a clean dry storage area.
C. Equipment:
1. Store equipment in a clean dry storage area.
2. Rinse and clean spray equipment after each use.
3. Clean spreaders and check wheel-driven gears.
4. Clean carts and wheelbarrows after use.

Sample proper arrangement and storage of tools and equipment

You can see the pictures that all tools and equipment are arranged and
stored properly in own racks. Like for example the screw drivers are arranged by
type and sizes, hammers, saws, c-clamps, etc are in the racks.

Storage for PPE

Storage should be adequate to protect the PPE from contamination, loss,

damage, water or sunlight. Proper storage often requires a dry and clean place that
is not subject to temperature extremes.

Report any defects in or damage to the PPE immediately. Participate in any

training or instructions provided on PPE. Inform their employer of any medical
conditions they have that might be affected by the use of the PPE provided to them.

Typically it’s recommended by manufactures that reusable PPE be replaced

every 2-5 years even if it hasn’t been damaged. But there are ways to extend the life
of your PPE.

Human factors training can improve PPE compliance by giving employees a

better awareness of how injuries can occur, motivate them to wear their PPE and
remember it at critical times to ensure that your PPE and safety policies don’t go
waste.
a. d glasses
b. Gowns
c. Head covers
d. Masks
e. Respirators
f. Shoe covers

The order for putting on PPE is Apron or Gown, Surgical Mask, Eye
Protection [where required] and Gloves. The order of removing is Gloves, Apron or
Gown, Eye Protection, Surgical Mask.

BASIC RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS

Setting up the right record keeping system for your business will help you
work efficiently, meet legal requirements and strengthen customer and staff
relationships. Laws that apply to your business will determine how long you need
to keep the records for. If you use an electronic keeping system, you may also be
able to produce a hard copy of a record.
 Personal financial records must be kept for 5 years, whereas the following
records must be kept for 7 years.

 Financial records for your company

 Most employee records
 All records of fringe benefits and capital gains

BASIC RECORDS
To meet basic legal requirements, you must keep the following:

 A cash book or financial accounting program-that records cash

receipts and cash payments
 Bank accounts-cheque books, deposits books and banks statements.
 Employment records-hours of work, overtime, remuneration or other
benefits, leave, superannuation benefits, termination of employment,
type of employment, personal details of workers, employee personal
contact and employment details.
 Occupational training records- for both you and employees to comply
with work, health and safety laws including evacuation and emergency
training attendance.
 Sales record-invoice books, receipts books, cash register tapes, credit
card, documentation, credit notes for goods returned and a record of
goods used by the business owner personally.
 Proof of purchase - cheque butts [larger purchases], petty cash system
[smaller cash purchases], receipts, credit card statements, invoices, any
other documents relating to purchases including copies of agreement or
leases.
 Work, health and safety [WHS] records-workplace incidents, risk
register and management plan, names of key WHS ,people[ e.g. WHS
representative, Trained Safety Advisor[TSA], first aid
attendant],chemical storage records, first aid incident register,
workplace assessments, Material Safety Data Sheets [MSDS].

Let’s Dig In

ESSAY:
Directions: Site the importance of clean and undamaged PPE and equipment with
accordance to employer/agency standards. Write it in your notebook.

Let’s Remember

Directions: Answer the following questions in your notebook.

1. What are the different safety signs?

2. What are the best practices for record keeping?
 Let’s Apply

Name:_______________________ Section: __________________

Directions: Fill- up the circles by writing basic requirements you must need in
basic records. Write your answer in separate sheet of paper and send in your
Google classroom or messenger.

Basic
Records

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Identify the words that complete the sentence. Choose your
answer inside the box. Write your answer in separate sheet of paper and send your
answer in your Google classroom or messenger.

1.______ records of cash receipts and cash payments.

2.______ contain of cheque books, deposits books and bank statements
3.______ a record of hours of work, overtime, benefits lease etc.
4.______ records of health and safety laws, emergency and training attendance.
5.______ records of petty cash system, receipts, credit card statements etc.
6_______ record of invoice books, documentation, records of goods used by the
business owner personally.
7.______ records of workplace incidents, risk register and management plan,
chemical storage record and MSDS.
8.______ records of assets purchases dates and agreements, record of sales, capital

Cash book Proof of purchase Employment Bank accounts

Work ,health and safety Occupational training Agreements
Capital gains details Staff and wages Basic accounting record
Details of records

gain or capital loss.

9.______ records of beginning and end of financial year.
10._____ records of full details of wages, tax deducted sick pay and holiday
 Let’s Extend

Directions: Research the chain support and manufacturing opportunities in

response to COVID-19 in terms of:

a. Finances and flow

b. Business Insurance

References
WEEK 5 and 6
PRINTED MATERIALS
Aniceta Kong. Delia San Diego, et al Agriculture and Fishery Arts
ONLINE RESOURCES
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rh1CyyHh47w

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xt8Ozctjn6I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlwgMnT3KNc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OasbYWF4_S8&t=86s

https://4waste.com.au/rubbish.removal1/5types-waste-know/

https://ehsdailyadvisor.blr.com/2012/04/11-rules-for-safe-handle-of-hazardous-
materials
http://www.combiphar.com/en/healthy.living/principle-reduce-reuse-andrecycle
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/hannqt/5844154991
https://www.care.org.>filesPDF
https://www.hazardouswasteexperts.com/understandingthe -farm-characteristics-
of-hazardous-waste/
https://www.epa.go/how/lern-basics-hazardous-waste
https://en.tv.wikipedia.org/wiki/hazardouswaste
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/natthushtirrm/agriculturalwaste-managment-
80609107
https://www.business.qld.gov.au/running-business/finances-cash-flow/records
 Module Development Team

Writer: DR. ELVINA R. DEPONE, Master Teacher II

Content Evaluator: DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN, Head Teacher IV

Language Evaluator: ENGR.MARIA CARLA R. DEPONE

Reviewers: DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN, Head Teacher IV

DR. RONALDO J. LASIN, Master Teacher

Illustrators: ENGR. MARIA CARLA R.DEPONE

MR. RONNEL GUTTIEREZ

Layout Artist: MR. RONNEL GUTTIEREZ

HYBRID TEAM VALIDATORS

JHS Team Leader/Facilitator: DR. MELEDA H. POLITA, SDS (Ret.)

School Head-In-Charge: DR. REA M. CRUZ, Principal IV

Content Validator/Editor: MR. SANTIAGO P. ALVIS, Principal II

Management Team:

DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS

DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
Names of EPS in-charge of Learning Area
MRS. VIRGINIA L. EBOÑA, EPS - EPP/TLE
DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS - LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City
Telefax: 8838-42-51
Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph