SELECT QUALITY SEEDS

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

• At the end of the lesson, you should be able

to:
• 1. secure and select quality seeds ;
• 2. perform seed testing and seed treatment;
• 3. determine the percentage of germination
of seeds; and
• 4. recognize the value of seed selection,
seed testing and seed treatment.
 LET US DEFINE

• Seed - a fertilized and ripened ovule which

may develop into a plant by germination.
• Seed testing - the operation involved in
determining whether or not seeds are viable,
free from diseases, injuries and foreign
matters or their combination.
• Germination - the development of the seed
into a young plant.
• Dormancy - a period in which a plant has no
active growth in response to harsh
environmental conditions. It also refers to the
rest period of seeds.
 SECURING SEEDS

• There are two ways of securing the

seeds to be planted:
• 1. You can buy seeds from seed
stores in your town or order from
reliable seed producers in the city.

• 2. You can also produce your

seeds to plant.
F A C T O R S T O C O N S I D E R I N S E CU R IN G Y O U R
SEEDS TO PLANT.

•  Quality of the product

•  Adaptation of seeds to
ones locality.
 ADVANTAGES OF PRODUCING
YOUR OWN SEEDS

•  Supply of seeds for your farm is

always made available.
•  Higher percentage of
germination is assured.
•  Improvement of quality and
quantity of the produce is
possible.
 DISADVANTAGES OF
PRODUCING YOUR SEEDS

•  Seed growing is an exacting work.

•  It competes with the normal work in
the nursery.
•  It calls for knowledge of the principles
of plant breeding.
•  It calls for keen observation.
•  It requires close application of details.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
GOOD QUALITY SEEDS
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD QUALITY SEEDS

•  Damage free –seeds that do

not possess cracks, holes
and are not broken
•  True- to-type - seeds that
carry the desirable
characteristics of the parents
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD QUALITY SEEDS

•  Viable – seeds that germinate and

able to survive until the stored food
in the cotyledon is consumed up to
the time it can support itself by
absorbing plant food nutrients from
the soil through their root system
•  Free from mixtures – seeds that
are free from weed seeds and other
foreign matters.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD QUALITY SEEDS

•  Free from seed borne

diseases
•  Properly developed – The
size of seeds depends upon
the amount of food stored in
it. It is important that the
seeds are large, plump and
well developed.
 SEED TESTING

• Purposes of Seed Testing

•  Discover whether or not the seed
is true to its name, except as to
variety.
•  Ascertain whether or not it has
been intentionally adulterated.
•  Remove the relative proportions of
inert material and of foreign seed.
 SEED TESTING

• Purposes of Seed Testing

•  Disclose the presence of noxious or
other weed seeds.
•  Find out the percentage of seed
germination
•  Find out the amount of seeds needed to
plant in a given area.
•  Economize labor and expenses in re-
planting.
•  Obtain a uniform stand of crops.
 METHODS OF
SEED TESTING
 FLOATING IN WATER

• Submerge the seeds in

a container of water to
test the seeds.
• All floating seeds are
thrown away for they
are empty and are not
going to germinate.
• This method is also
true to vegetable seeds.
 BREAKING THE SEED
COAT

•This method is
practiced to
seeds that
have hard
seed coat.
 WINNOWING

•If you winnow,

all the seeds that
are blown away
or carried away
by the wind are
empty.
GERMINATING THE SEEDS USING
THE FOLLOWING METHODS:

•a. rag doll

•b. seed box
•c. petri dish/plate
SEED GERMINATION
 PRACTICE TEST NO.2

• Number of seeds tested: 500

• Number of seeds germinated: 230
 EXTERNAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED IN
THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS

•  Viability or vitality. The seed

must be viable with a good alive
embryo. Immature and
unhealthy seeds produce weak
and unhealthy plants.
EXTERNAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED IN
THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS

•Proper amount of
moisture. The soil must be
moist. Soil must contain
sufficient quantity of
moisture necessary for
germination.
EXTERNAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED IN
THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS

•Proper degree of
temperature and
amount of light.
EXTERNAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED IN
THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS

•Suitability of the
soil.
 WHY DO SOME SEEDS FAIL TO
GERMINATE?

•  The seeds are in their dormant

stage.
•  The seed coat is thick and hard.
•  The seeds are immature.
•  The seeds have dead embryo.
•  The ground is too dry
•  The weather is too cold
 SP ECIAL TREATMENT FOR S OME
SEEDS IN ORDER TO GERMINATE

• By cracking the seed coat.

If the seed has thick and
hard seed coat, crack or file
it to allow water and oxygen
to get inside the seed.
 SPECIAL TREATMENT FOR SO ME
SEEDS I N ORDER TO GERMI NATE

•By heating. If the seed is

in a dormant stage, heat
it a little. By heating it
up, the embryo becomes
active as it starts to grow.
 SPECIAL TREATMENT FOR SO ME
SEEDS I N ORDER TO GERMI NATE

• By better storage facilities.

The death of the seed embryo
due to faulty storage facilities
may be prevented by the use
of better one where seeds are
kept up until planting time.
 SPECIAL TREATMENT FOR SO ME
SEEDS I N ORDER TO GERMI NATE

• By better storage facilities.

The death of the seed embryo
due to faulty storage facilities
may be prevented by the use
of better one where seeds are
kept up until planting time.
A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C OM P L ETE T H E SEN T EN C E

•1. The fertilized and

ripened ovule which may
develop into a young
plant is
_____________________.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•2. ____________refers
to the rest period of
seeds.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•3. The operation involved

whether or not the seeds are
viable, clean, free from
diseases and mixture refers
to ___________________.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•4. An immature plant

inside the seed which
consists of the radicle
and the plumule is
________________.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•5. In germination, the

________________ is the
first one to come out in
the seed when planted in
the soil.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•5. In germination, the

________________ is the
first one to come out in
the seed when planted in
the soil.
 A. F I LL IN G TH E BLA N K S . FI LL I N T H E B L AN K S B Y
W RIT I N G A WO RD O R G RO U P O F W O RD S T O
C O M P LET E T H E S EN T EN C E. W RI T E YO U R A N SW ERS
I N YO U R Q U I Z N O TE B O O K .

•5. In germination, the

________________ is the
first one to come out in
the seed when planted in
the soil.
PREPARE THE GROWING
MEDIA AND SOW SEEDS
 PR E PARE T H E GR O W I N G M ED I A AN D SO W SEED S

• Soil sterilization - the process of

subjecting the soil to heat or
chemicals to kill micro organisms
and other bacteria.
• Sanitation - an activity that reduces
the spread of pathogen inoculums,
such as removal and destruction of
infected plant parts, cleaning of tools
and field equipment.
 PR E PARE T H E GR O W I N G M ED I A AN D SO W SEED S

•Shed - a roof used to protect

seedlings and other plants.
•Seed beds - especially prepared
plots where seeds are
germinated.
•Seed box - a box filled with soil
or growing media where the
seeds are germinated.
 PR E PARE T H E GR O W I N G M ED I A AN D SO W SEED S

•Shed - a roof used to protect

seedlings and other plants.
•Seed beds - especially prepared
plots where seeds are
germinated.
•Seed box - a box filled with soil
or growing media where the
seeds are germinated.