Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences : (8x2 = 16 points)
Question : ____________________________________________________
Question : ____________________________________________________
Question : ____________________________________________________
Question : ____________________________________________________
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B. Your aunt used to work at the Buyan cashmere factory, _______________ _______________?
B. I think that ________________________________ is the best sport that a student can learn how to play.
D. Jim has to get on the ____________________________________ by 7a.m. in order to get to work on time.
What does the publication Ethnologue: Languages of the World tell us about? As one of the most extensive
catalogues of the languages in the world, it gives updated information each year on how many languages there
are, and how many people speak each language. According to Ethnologue, there were 7,102 known languages
spoken by people around the world in 2017. Sadly, this number declines every year.
As of 2018, Ethnologue reports that there are now only 7,099 languages in the world. That’s three fewer
languages than last year. In Asia alone, there are 2,296 languages spoken; in Africa 2,139; the Americas 1,062;
the Pacific 1,212; and in Europe (A) 287 languages.
The exact number of languages spoken has always been surrounded by uncertainty. This is partly due to the
fact that there are still many parts of the world that have not yet been fully explored, (B) including the Amazon
and the highlands of New Guinea.
As mentioned, the number of known languages is constantly declining. But why? (C) A key factor is
education. When a language stops being taught to young children, its rate of survival drops rapidly. Another
reason languages fail to survive is due the death of the current native speakers.
An example of this can be seen in North America, where 165 indigenous languages exist. Only eight of these
languages are spoken by 10,000 people and approximately 75 languages are spoken by only a handful of mature
aged people. What else can be concluded but that they will soon become extinct? This rapid decline in
indigenous languages is due to the overwhelming effect of European settlement over the past 500 years. (D) In
Australia, more than 100 aboriginal languages have become extinct since European settlers arrived. Based on
current circumstances, (E) linguists have estimated that at least 3,000 languages will be lost within the next
century. That’s almost half of today’s known languages!
10. Answer the following questions about the text above. (5x2 = 10 points)
i. Describe what Ethnologue is.
iii. Explain why the precise number of languages in the world is not known.
iv. Where were the most languages in the world spoken in 2018?
v. What is one reason why the number of languages in the world decreases?
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11. Write a suitable question for each underlined part of the text. (5x2 = 10 points)
A.
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B.
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C.
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D.
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E.
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