Eshetu Wudie

Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation
2014
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation is the base and essential ingredient for the
initiation and development of entrepreneurship. The number of business initiation and operation
in any country and in a given period has strong relation with positive entrepreneurial quality and
business orientation of the people. Therefore an exhibit of a good entrepreneurial attitude is the
prerequisite for the establishment of the business. Entrepreneurship is a composite of skills the
resultant of a mix of many qualities and traits these includes tangible factors as imagination,
readiness to take risk, the ability to bring together and put to use other factor of production,
capital, labor, land as well as intangible factors such as the ability to mobilize the scientific and
technological advances (Vasant.D 2000).
Entrepreneurship is the process of creating and building something of value from practically
nothing. That is entrepreneurship is the process of creating and seizing an opportunity and
pursuing it regard less of resources currently controlled (Hailay-gebrefinsae 2003).
In all most all definition of entrepreneurship, there is an agreement that we are talking about a
kinds of behavior that includes:
 Initiative taking
 Organizing and reorganizing the social and economic mechanisms to run resources and
situation to practical account.
 Acceptance of risk or filer (Robert T. Michael R and Dean A. 2009).
Despite all those claimed, by considerable number of scholars, that entrepreneurship (Business) in
Ethiopia scale has not shown any improvement until this time. This is true to many workers
regardless of the type of profession they belong to considering all these assume the overall
subject. Since the beginning of the 21th century’s entrepreneurship become the topic of
discussion, specialization and research (Hailey Gebretinsae, 2003 E.C).
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Accordingly the researcher aimed mainly to assess the abilities of business and non-business
students in the creation of business and enables to measure their attitude in entrepreneurial
activity and business orientation. The researcher intended to give some possible solution for the
matter of the problem. The previous studies show that the problem of entrepreneurial attitude and
business orientation of graduating students are not solved yet. Because of this fact, this study
tried to pick out the factor that encounter them to do so. That is why the researcher believed the
presence of entrepreneurial attitude among university graduating students may be important
indicator of the pool of potential entrepreneurs. In addition to this the study investigated the
attitude of students to start a new business after graduation and stated the factors that may hinder
students from being a business man after they leaved the campus.
Generally this study mentioned or stated all of the above and other related factors and problems of
entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of graduating students.
1.2 Statement of the problems
It is evident that the development of nations greatly depends on the embellishment of flourishing
and small operation of business, particularly business that are imitated by individuals that mean
entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial development is a key element to achieve over all development
through high level of individual activity. Entrepreneurial development is a process with persons is
injected with motivational drives of achievement and in sight to tackle uncertain and risky
situations especially in business undertaking (Vasant D. 2000).
Attitude towards entrepreneurship among university students is relevant as well. The number of
business initiation and operation in any country and in a given period of time has strong relation
with a positive entrepreneurial quality and business orientation of the people. But, there is a great
difference between business and non-business students. This difference must be removed by
providing some concerned solution. But the role and associated behavior between business and
non-business are remaining different; both set of students play an important role in the economy
development.
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Even though there is a good entrepreneurial trait and business orientation, starting and imitation
intimation of business will be difficult unless social, political and economic environmental factors
are conducive. For entrepreneur to grow social, economic and political environments is necessary
condition, but not sufficient one, individual who live in such an environment must have
entrepreneurial traits.
Therefore the above fact the personal quality they possess or lack, business orientation they
developed and social, political and environmental factors in our country that will determine the
degree, place and development of entrepreneurship in Ethiopia.
Entrepreneurial attitude as stated earlier is a basic and essential ingredient for the initiation and
development of entrepreneurship. Therefore, an exhibit of a good entrepreneurial attitude
(qualities) is a prerequisite for the establishment of the business.
Social factor: - In Ethiopia after completing university education it is preferable and acceptable to
work in large government organization than becoming business person. Doctors, teachers, and
professors are more respectable than shapers or Grocery owners. .
The economy system in turn affects the nature, scope and environments of entrepreneurship.
Since it can be socialism, fixed or capitalism. Generally the gap between business and non-
business students of entrepreneurial attitudes of graduating students determine the development of
entrepreneurship in our country (tracked and koluircid, 1999).
1.2.1 Basic research questions

1. What are the students understanding or thinking about entrepreneurial attitude and the
overall business orientation?
2. Are there any effects that affect entrepreneurial attitude form social, economic and
political environmental of students?
3. Does the course of entrepreneurship provide students with the knowledge required to start
a new business without additional education about entrepreneurship?
4. Is there any attitude difference between business and non-business student about
entrepreneurship and business orientation?
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1.3 Objective of the study

1.3.1 General objective
The general objective of the study is to assess the overall business orientation and entrepreneurial
attitude of business and non-business students of Hawassa University graduating students.
1.3.2 Specific objective

1. To identify the entrepreneurial attitude or thinking of business and non-business students.
2. To know the business orientation of business and non-business students and to know the
conducive environment to be an entrepreneur.
3. To identify the factor that affect entrepreneurial attitude from social, economic and
political environments of students.
4. To identify whether there is a significance difference exist between business and non-
business student of Hawassa University graduating students.
1.4 Significance of the study
Conducting the study is the very crucial for any college and university to know their students with
regard to their attitude towards business and entrepreneurial attitude.
 Make students aware of major advantage of business.

 It will serves as a reference for the futures researcher
 If reduce environmental problem by suggesting solution for it
 It open the path for students to be an entrepreneur
1.5 Scope of the study
The research was design to investigate the overall business orientation and entrepreneurial
attitude of Hawassa University graduating students. The study was supposed to undertake wide
range of investigation to drown reasonable conclusion. So that to make extensive and feasible
investigation and analysis the study is conducted only on Hawassa University graduating students.
In addition to this due to the fact the information needed to be detail and specific.
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The study was conducted on two colleges which are found in the University and they enables to
investigate the entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of business and non-business
students, those colleges are college of business economics and college of computational science.
1.6 Limitation of the study

 Adequate reference books are not available
 Financial constraints to conduct the researcher
 Time constraints to conduct the research
 The respondents were not willing to answer the questions.
1.7 Research Methodology
Methodology is a basic part of any scientific research since it gives detail information about the
data (materials), method; of data collection and sample size of the research are useful to carry out
the studying.
1.7.1 Sources of data
In this study to collect the necessary data the researcher used both primary and secondary sources.
The secondary data are obtained directly from written documents like books.
Among the primary data sources questionnaires were used to collect information from both
categories of students, i.e., business and non-business students.
1.7.2 Sampling technique
The sampling technique employed is random sampling method in order to avoid biased and
provide equal chance for the population selected as a sample. This type of sampling technique is
appropriate. Since the selected samples are the true representative of the total population and
accurate technique to minimize sampling error in selecting the sample.
1.7.3 Sample size of the study
The targeted population is Hawassa University graduating students. Then after, two colleges are
selected from the total college in the university. These colleges are college of business and
economics and college of computational science. Business and Economics College was taken
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judgmentally, which enables to consider entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of
business students whereas college of computation science was taken to consider entrepreneurial
attitude and business orientation of non-business students.
The total populations of graduating students of two colleges are 1080. It was difficult to consider
every student of two colleges. It was needed to select departments form each selected college.
Management and accounting departments are selected from business and Economies College. On
the other hand biology and chemistry departments are selected from computational science
college. The total population of the selected department was 520. By using random sampling
technique, the researcher selected 20 students from each department. Totally 80 students were
selected (taken) as the total sample size of the study.
1.7.4 Methods of data collection
In the study the researcher used both primary and secondary data sources. The secondary data is
obtained directly from written documents. Among the primary data collection methods
questionnaires were used to collect information from both business and non-business students.
The questionnaire is both open ended and close needed type. The reason that the researcher used
questionnaire is, since it is an important to increase the likely hood of obtaining accurate
information from the students and unclear answer were dropped out.
1.7.5 Methods of data analysis
After the necessary data for the study were collected the processing and analyzing would be done.
In this study the descriptive analysis is used because of its simplicity and clarity to drown
inference. The questionnaire was manually sorted out by editing, classifying and collected. So,
that they were suitable for further analysis.
Editing is the process of examination of the collected data in order sure the possible problems are
resolved. After classifying and processing the data which is the base for the study, the analysis
would be done. The analyzed data would be organized in tables using percentages as to present
some parts of the data. The data collected were processed and analyzed by using pie-chart, tables
and percentage computation and descriptive analysis were used because of its simplicity and
clarity to draw inference.
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1.8 Organization of the paper
The paper was organized in to four chapters to make the study simple and understandable by
anyone who uses it. Chapter one deals with introductory part, chapter two states review of
literature of the study which briefly discuss about the definition and concept of entrepreneur ship.
The third chapter comprises analysis and interpretation of the data. Finally the last chapter
includes conclusion and recommendation of the study.
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CHAPTER TWO
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Definition of entrepreneurship
Different writers have for warded many definitions of entrepreneurship emphasizing its different
aspects.
(R.D Histich and M.P.peter: 2001) states entrepreneurship is a process of creating something new
with value by devoting the necessary time and effort assuming accompany financial and social
risk and receiving the resulting reward of monetary, personal satisfaction and independent.
This definition stress on the four basic aspects of entrepreneurship
 Entrepreneurship involves creating something new value

 Entrepreneurship requires devotion of necessary time and effort to create something new
and make it operational
 Entrepreneurship assumes risk in forms of financial loss, psychological tension and local
problems.
 Entrepreneurship also involves reward of independence followed by personal satisfaction
and money.
“Entrepreneurship is a dynamic process of creating incremental wealth. This wealth increased by

individual who assumes the major risk in terms of equity, time and career commitment of
providing value of some product or service itself may or may not be or unique but must somehow
be refused by the entrepreneur by securing and allocating the necessary skill and resources”.
(Robert Ronstadt)
Entrepreneurship is stated as to return (revolutionizes) the pattern of production by exploiting and

invention or, more generally untried technological possibility for producing the new commodity
or, producing an old one with new way, by opening up a new source of supply of material .It is
defined as doing thing that are not generally done in the ordinary course of business
(Schumpeter).
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Schumpeter did not equate entrepreneur with inventors. He suggesting that an inventor may only
create new product, whereas, an entrepreneur will gather resources and organize talents and
provide leadership to make it a commercial success. This view point was mirrored by another
scholars peter Drucker.
Generally the concept of entrepreneurship will certainly undergoes change with the advancement
of technology, information technology particularly. Evaluation of entrepreneurship is a continues
process (Vasant D. 2000).
2.2 Nature and development of Entrepreneurship
The term entrepreneur is French word which means between factors ‘or” go between”. This
concept goes with its definition of early period which mean an agent who serves products by
signing a contract to pay the money and a fixed percentage of profit to the money person who
lend him or her.
Until the mid of the 20th century (i.e. late 19th and early 20 th century), entrepreneurs were
frequently not distinguished form manager and viewed mostly form an economic perspective.
Entrepreneurs are considered as those individuals who combining means of production with his or
her own initiative, skilled ingenuity in under taking the managerial functions (planning,
organizing and administrating an enterprise), she or she also assumes a chance of loss or gain
consequent to unforeseen and uncontrollable circumstances. Here the profit is the reward of
entrepreneurial contribution of the manager.
The concept of entrepreneurship was attached with the concept of innovation in the mid of the
21th century. At that time the functional entrepreneur was to reform or revolutionize the factor of
production by exploiting and invention of new commodity or producing an old one in new way,
opening the new source of supply of raw material or, a new out let for products by organizing a
new industry.
Entrepreneurship is also defined differently in undeveloped, developed and developing country.

In developed country an entrepreneur is the one who is involved in innovation process.
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Innovation can be seen in different ways:
 Producing the new product that is not known by customer

 Introducing a new methods of doing things (technology that is not used in an industry
before)
 Finding the new sources of input that is not used before
 Opening a new market, which can be introducing the product in the market where the
product did not exist before.
 Combination of two or more of the above options
2.3 Factors, influencing entrepreneurship
The major factors that influence entrepreneurship areits background and influence from other. In
similar external environment, some people have the ability for recognize that there is need to
establish ways for self-employment when there is disruption. The perception that starting a new
business is desirable result from an individual back ground and influence form others.
The backgrounds of entrepreneurship include childhood family environment education, personal

value, age, work history, culture and subculture.
Culture and sub culture
A person grew up in a culture that value an individual who successfully create a new business will
a have better potential to establish a venture than the one who grew, in culture that do not value
self-employment
In an individual grew in a culture that support even promote the forming of the new business as
one of the best occupation, then these people will start a new business in response to any change
resulted from disruptions.
Educational background
Even though formal education is not necessary to start a new business, it gives potential
entrepreneurs the skill needed to form and manage an enterprise. Entrepreneur, have cited the
relevance of education in areas of finance, strategic planning, marketing and managing.
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Age
The relationship of age and entrepreneurial career process have also studied. Most entrepreneurs
start their entrepreneurial career between 22-45 years stage. This is a period at which people
become independent, hard worker and contribute much in their lives. But this does not mean that
people out this age are not capable of being an entrepreneur. There are in fact many successful
businesses which are established after retirement.
Personal value
Although that various variables can also be sued to identify successful individual and manager.
They are very important to identify entrepreneurs. These personal value are successful leadership
aggression, hardworking, creatively and resource seeking.
Working History
It plays critical role in new venture success. Individual tend to be more successful in forming
business in a field in which they have worked because, they will get experience in an area of:
 Product development and manufacturing

 Preparation of marketing plan and development
 Development of distribution channels
1.4 Entrepreneurial trait and characteristics
Several research studies have been carried out to identify the trait of true entrepreneur and still
there are certain controversial issues on what makes a person an entrepreneur. At one extreme,
there is a view that argues entrepreneurs are already gifted with entrepreneurial abilities. For
example entrepreneurs are born. On the other hand, there is a view that argues that any person can
be entrepreneur when s/he is placed in a situation which provides an opportunity to practice
entrepreneurship i.e. entrepreneurs are made.
Some of the basic characteristics successful entrepreneur
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A. High need for achievement
Psychologist recognizes that people differ in their need for achievement. Individual with the low
need for achievement is that who seem to be contended with their personal status. On the other
and individual with high need for achievement like to complete with some standard of excellence
and prefer to be personally responsible for their own assign task. This drive for achievement is
reflected in the ambitious individuals who start a new business. (I.e. entrepreneur) and then guide
to their growth. Because of achievement is the major source of satisfaction for entrepreneur. They
are more concerned with achieving successful than with avoiding failure.
Entrepreneurs have:-
 Strong personal initiative

 Strong personal commitment to their organization
 Believe that one person can make a difference
B. Willingness to take risk
Entrepreneurs are calculated risk taker, they enjoy an excitement of challenges, but they do not
gamble. Entrepreneurs avoid high risk situations because they want to succeed. They like
achievable challenges. In other ward entrepreneurs fell or get greater satisfaction in
accomplishing difficult but realistic task by applying their own skill.
C. A need to exercise leadership
The total performance of a business is mainly determined by the attitude and actions of
entrepreneur. Your effectiveness as a leader is determined by the result of your achievement.
Successful entrepreneurs are successful leaders, whether they need a few employee or few
hundred employees by the very nature of their work entrepreneurs are leaders they
 Seek opportunities
 Initiate business enterprise
 Gather the physical, financial and human resources to carry out
 Set goals for themselves and for other
 Direct and guide other to accomplish goals
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 Entrepreneurs are individual who have developed their own style of leadership
D. Self Confidence
Individuals who possess self-confidence feel that they can meet the challenges that confront them.
Studies show that successful entrepreneur tend to be self-reliant individuals who see the problem
in launching a new venture but believe in their own ability to overcome these problem. On the
basis of research the date, it appears, that entrepreneurs have a high internal laws of control than
is their own population in general. Most of the time therefore, successful entrepreneur are self-
confident. They believe that they are capable of controlling their own density and that of their
enterprise, rather than feeling that outside forces control them and their fate. Successful
entrepreneurs are realistic about their own parent’s strength and weakness and about what they
can and con not do.
E. An ability of decision making
To be an entrepreneur, you must be creative, especially, when it comes to decision making you
must strongly believe in yourself and durability to make good decision. It is this decision making
ability that’s the distinguishing mark of an entrepreneur, you as entrepreneur will have to be more
creative, because you will have to make decision partly without assistance of other, you may have
a problem from different angles an seek an innovative way in which to solve it.
F. The ability to solve problems
Successful entrepreneur seek out problems that may affect their success and methodologically go
about overcoming them. The scientific approach of problem solving indicates that there are
specific procedures to follow in order to solve a problem and make decision, this usually involves
 Be acquainted with the problem in general
 Determine the key fact relating to it
 Identify the major problem
 Search the possible cause to the problem
 Consider potential solution to the problem
 Select the most feasible solution
 Implement the solution
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 Verify that the solution is correct
G. A high need for feedback
“How are we doing”? This question is every present in the entrepreneurs mind. Entrepreneurs
aggressively pursue feedback that will enable them to gauge their progress and effectiveness.
They instinctively nurture relationship which people to learn from which have the second any
effect an expanding their network of useful contact and influence
H. creativity and innovativeness
The ability to create new idea, new concept and new ways of viewing problems is the heart of
successful entrepreneurs. The ability to sees an opportunity instead of the problem and a solution
instead of dilemma is a function of skill associated with entrepreneurs.
I. An ability of effective business planning
Effective planning helps the entrepreneurs to establish business goal. As your business grows the
great need there is for planning. In mast businesses there are two kinds of planning activities.
 First, there are entrepreneurial activities, including such tasks at making contact with
banks, accountants and lawyers, others who help with financial and legal matters of your
business obtaining marketing surveys, conducting product researcher and designing
budgets are all entrepreneurial aspects of business planning.
 Second, there are those aspects of business that may be considered routine. These include
preparing financial report, monitoring and revising budgets, managing the flow of
production and marketing the product and service.
Effective entrepreneurial planning, therefore, assume that no important decision will be made
without your knowledge and approval. An important purpose of business planning is to enable
you to have the right information at right time in order to make the right decision.
J. Ability to use time affectivity
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Time is something that you cannot save; you simply lose more and more of it as the day
progresses. By the end of the day there is non-left to use. Al entrepreneurs need to manage time
effectively, and the key to suing time effectively is through better management. By budgeting
time you achieve better results. Specific way to make better use of your time including
 Establishing goals
 Determining deadlines and
 Allocating time for each important activity
Entrepreneurs should spend most of their time on those objective and problems that affect the
business as a whole (Hailey Geretinsae 2003)
2.5 The role of entrepreneurship in the economy
An entrepreneur is one of the important segments of economy growth. Basically he or she is a

person responsible for setting up a business. In fact she accelerates personal, economic as well as
human development. Indeed, he or she is the catalyst that plays a crucial role in developing
countries economy (vasant 2001)
Following are some contribution of the entrepreneurs
Better utilization of resources
Some entrepreneurs become successful by investing methods and processes that enable the
production of goods out of resources that have been, ignored and labeled as “useless” well
initiative leads to improved use of neglected resources and conversations the one already in
use.
Creation of job opportunity
The hard work of the entrepreneur often result in the formation of a small business that open job
opportunities to many other in addition to entrepreneur his/her self.
Better production methods and products
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Entrepreneurs often introduce better production methods in terms of processing speed, quality of
output, energy consumption etc. improved production methods in turn result in better goods and
services the improvement may be in terms of prices, quality, location, ease of use, packaging,
effectiveness of the product.
Increase in per capital output and income
Entrepreneurial business activities result in increased income for the entrepreneurs, his/her
employees and other related business the supply of goods and services in the economy will also
be increased. This eventually leads to an increase in per capital output and income in the
economy.
Identification of business opportunities and markets
Entrepreneurs allays keep their eyes open to identify and exploit market opportunity. Once they
identify an exploitable market opportunity, they devote themselves satisfy the market gap.
Business opportunity for suppliers
The entrepreneur needs to acquire input such as employees and raw material to produce goods
and services. In most cases of entrepreneurs will not be able to supply these input for the business
on his own. Therefore, these resources have to be supplied be other business, a situation that
results in the business opportunity for supplier. In general, entrepreneurship play a crucial role in
developing a countries economy is economy, lessening market imperfections and improving
living standard of citizens through increased production, job opportunities and better product and
services (Dewitt A 2005).
2.6 Entrepreneurship in Ethiopia
The present economic condition and image of Ethiopia as a country starving people caused by
man-made and natural disasters is perhaps all a clear evidence of absences entrepreneurship.
But on the other hand, the country is perceived as a land of hard working, provides people with
high natural resources potential. It would therefore be with while to explore the reason behind this
paradox. Some major points are highlighted below.
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 Pre-Derg years
Despite long history, the Ethiopia society has remained predominantly feudal up until the eruption
of the 1974 revolution. The feudal culture in the main, by the doctrine of the Orthodox Church is
responsible for the absence of entrepreneurial dire in the country. The feudal system desires
enterprising people and activities and it’s only those who do not belong to the nobility and are
landless who are forced to go to the craft and commerce. This low social value for the craft and
enterprise and restricted social mobility in one of the major reasons that have hindered
entrepreneurship development in Ethiopia
 The social decades
The 1974 revolution gave birth to million rulers who proclaimed socialism to be guiding the
principle, the official policy way to discharge private enterprise and where it is allowed people
can engage only in one line of activity in the very small scale.
 The post- derg year
The transitional government of Ethiopia which replaced socialist military government has
declared its economic policy direction to be market economy. Such policy when supported pay
appropriate institutional and legal arrangement is expected to encourage the participation and
development of the private sector which could bread entrepreneur. The decision to privatize the
public enterprise, For example could be taken as an opportunity that would encourage the
participation of private sector in general and entrepreneurs in particular in the economic recovery
of the country. This would of course limit the possibility of entrepreneurial development in the
country (Ayalew 2. 1995)
2.7 Business orientation
The concept of business orientation has only been generally defined by pros and not been
operational and tested as to it, proposed impact an organization. Definition on from popular point
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of view business orientation is “an individual that emphasis business process oriented away of
thinking” and it is awareness towards the business world venture. Business orientation sessions
are facilities by minority business professionals who bring the class room made range of
knowledge and ability in areas of management, accounting, marketing, sales and
entrepreneurship.
This program provides students with the opportunity to learn first-hand what is takes to success in
various career paths in realism of business. Over a year students have expressed that the basic
skill and business knowledge which they required through the business orientation prospect have
helped them to understand the necessary steps to own business choice career path and business
orientation.
CHAPTER THREE
3 DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION
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The general purpose of the study was to assess the overall entrepreneurial attitude and business
orientation of Hawassa University graduating students. In doing so, questionnaire that consists of
19 items was prepared. The data gathered were presented and interpreted one after the other. All
the data presented analyzed and interpreted here is obtained from questionnaires. The
questionnaires were fulfilled by Hawassa University graduating students. These questionnaires
were divided in to three parts as it is shown the back of the paper. The first part which consists of
five questions, designed to assess the entrepreneurial attitude of students. The second part which
consists of four questions which designed to know the business orientation of students and the
third part which consists of 10 questions design to ask the existing social, economic and political
condition of the country. The questions were organized based on the sequences which were
provided in the questionnaire. Of 80 respondents were taken to fill the questionnaires. From these
40 respondents were taken from business students and the other 40 were from non-business
students (computational science students).Thanks for them no one is involuntary to fill and turn
back the questionnaire. So 8o questionnaires are distributed and turned back with full consent of
respondents.
3.1. Demographic information of respondents
Table 1: sex composition of students
Sex Number of respondents Percent (%)

Male 50 63
Female 30 37
Total 80 100
Source: compiled from questionnaires: 2014
As shown in table 1 above the proportion of female from the total sample are 30 (37.5%) and the
proportion of male are 50(62.5%).
So as we observed from the data the participants of male students are proportionally higher. And
as we understand from this most students who are enjoying higher educational institution and
coming to gradate are males. It implies the involvement of female in education is not as much as
males totally.
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Table 2: age composition of respondents
Age No. %
18-24 48 60
25-31 24 30
32-38 8 10
Total 80 100
Respondents of business students were from management and accounting department and
respondents as non-business students were from biology and chemistry department and the
sample also taken from graduating students. The demographic information of the respondent is
given the above table 2. It is evident that for both business and non- business students the sample
consisting of satisfactory spread between males and females in both streams.
It is also evident that majority participants fail 18-24 years age group. But the minority
participants fail 32-38 age group. The majority of respondents completed their university
education in young age group.
3.2 Responses towards entrepreneurial attitudes of students
3.2.1 Entrepreneurial attitude of business student
Table 3: Entrepreneurial attitude of business students
Item Alternative Total Low High
N % N %
When Human relation skill 40 15 38.3 25 61.7
asked, being
Ability to make decision 40 12 30 28 70
business
Communication skill 40 14 35 26 65
students,
Persistence 40 17 43.3 23 56.7
what are
your Self-discipline 40 15 63.3 15 36.7
response Creativity 40 21 51.7 19 48.3
From the table 1 above it can be seen that, the three highest score for the most developed attitudes
among business students were arranged from the highest to lowest as follows:-
 Ability to make decision scored total of 28( 70%) of are high
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 Communication skill scored total of 26( 65%) of are high and
 Human relation skill scored total of 25(61%) of the total students.
It implies that, most of business students have the ability to make decision, communication skill
and human relation skill. Whereas self-discipline, creativity and persistence are the lowest score
of business students.
3.2.2 The entrepreneurial attitude of non-business students
When asked, being non-business students, what are your responses?
Table 4: attitude of non- business students
Category Total Low High

N % N %
Human relation skill 40 14 35.3 26 65
Ability to make decision 40 24 60 16 40
Communication skill 40 11 26 29 73.3
Persistence 40 17 41.7 23 58.3
Self-discipline 40 25 63.3 15 36.7
Creativity 40 28 70 12 30
Source: compiled from questionnaires 2014
For non-business the three most developed entrepreneurial attitudes are as follow:-
 Communication skill (scored the total of 29 (73.3% ) of high)

 Human relation skill (scored the total of 26(65% ) of high)
 Persistence (scored the total of 23 (58.3%) of high)
The most developed attitude among non-business students were communication skill, human
relation skill and persistence. For the most developed attitude more than 58% of, respondents
obtained high score.
The three list developed attitude among non-business student are
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 Creativity (scored the total 28(70/%) of respondents low )
 Self-disciple (scored the total of 25(63.3%) of respondents low)
 Ability to make decision (scored the total of 24 ( 60%) of respondent have low )
For the least developed more than 60% respondents obtained low as data, shown in the above
table 2.the three .least developed attitude among non-business students are creativity, self-
discipline and decision making. Generally most non business students developed the attitude of
communication skill, human ration sill, and persistence and, they are poor with the attitude of
creative, self-discipline and ability to make decision. Being this communication skill is developed
attitude by non-business student and creativity is least developed attitude by non-business
students. This impels that non business students have the ability to communicate and reach to
solution.
3.2.3 Comparison of the level of entrepreneurial attitude of business and non-business

students
As response show in the above tables 1 and 2 both business and non-business students have
different percentage of level of attitude. Students in both streams score 60% of human relation
and communication skill. This, implies that most students in the university have attitude of human
relation and can communicate easily in different area. But when we compare attitude among two
categories communication skill is more scored by non-business students and ability to make
decision is scored by business student. This implies non business student have highly
developed .of communication skill. On the other hand business students highly developed attitude
of decision making.
3.2.4.Educational business knowledge
The responses students to how Mach the course provide students the knowledge required to start
new business is as follow. .
Table 5: businessknowledge
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Item Response Business student Non-business students
Does the course No. % No. %
entrepreneurship Yes 28 70 23 56.7
provide students the No 12 30 17 43.3
knowledge required to Total 40 100 40 100
start new business?
Source:compiled from questionnaires: 2014.
As indicated in the table above 28 (70%) of business students and 23(56.7%) of non-business
students were believes in receiving this course. This implies that business students believe more
than non-business student receiving this courses that entrepreneurs are made and consistent with
the emphasis on the on the importance of university education facilitating the making process.
That is fact business student are more interested to start new business than non-business that is
why they are familiar with business course which motivate them to do so. This implies that
receiving /taking/ entrepreneurial course as a part of university education is important to start
new business. It is essential for all most students for an ideal entrepreneur.
3.2.5. Attitude students towards start new business
Table 6:start new business
Question Response Business student Non-business students

What is the attitude of No % No %
students towards start More interested 26 65 21 51.7
new business? Interested 10 25 12 30
Less interested 4 10 7 18.3
Total 40 100 40 100
Source complied from questionnaires: 2014.
As described in the above table to measure the entrepreneurial attitude toward to start the
business.
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
It is pointed with the level of more interested, interested and less interested. 26(65%of business
students more interested, the left percentage 10(25%) and 4(10%) responded interested and less
interested respectively. Whereas 21(51.7%) of non-business students responded more interested
and the remained percentage is covered by interested and lees interested which is 12(30%) and
7(18.3%) of the total respondents respectively.
It implies the majority of business and non-business students are more interested in setting up
their own business. But business students are more interested than non-business students to set up
their business. It also show that business students are higher in starting a new business for their
own that is why business students have the knowledge(access) or know how to start new business
that non business students.
Generally most of students in both streams recognized as important for setup new business. This
shows that students in higher educational institution are more interested in setting up new
business for their own.
3.2.6. Creative motivation for new business
The attitude of students how much the creative atmosphere can inspires us to develop ideas for
new business.
Table 7: creative motivation for new business

Can the creative atmosphere No % No %
inspire us to develop ideas Yes 31 78.3 21 51.7
for new business? NO 9 21 19 48.3
Total 40 100 40 100

Source complied from questionnaires 2014.
As show the above table 5, 30(78.3%) of business students responded “YES” “and 19(21.7%) of
respondents responded “NO” on the other hand 21(51.7%) of non-business students responded
“YES” and 19(48.3%) of non-business students responded NO this implies that more business
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
students are believe that creative atmospheres inspires them to develop ideas for new business
than non-business students of the total respondents.
This indicates that the majority of business students believe that the creative atmosphere inspires
them to develop ideas for new business. But in case of non-business students nearly half of the
respondents believe the creative atmosphere inspires them for new business.
3.3. Overview of business orientation of Hawassa University graduating students
3.3.1. Their business knowledge and source of their knowledge
Table 8: source of business knowledge

Do you have enough No % No %
knowledge about business? Yes 36 90 19 46.7
NO 4 10 21 48.3
Total 40 100 40 100
Education 22 61.1 9 46.4

From where you have got? Talk with 8 22.2 5 25
business person
From partners 4 10.7 3 17.9
experience
Other 2 6 2 10.7
Total 36 100 19 100
Source complied from questionnaires 2014.
3.3.1.1. Business knowledge of students
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2014
Students of business and non-business were asked whether they have enough knowledge about
business or not. As it has shown in the table above 36(90%) of business students responded as
they have enough knowledge about business while only 4(10%) of respondents responded they do
not have enough knowledge about business but about 21(53.3%) of non-business students
responded they do not have enough knowledge about business and 19 (46.7%) of them responded
they have enough knowledge business. This indicates that majority of business students have
enough knowledge about business. On the other hand Non-business students have not enough
knowledge about business. Generally business students are more familiar than non-business
students in having enough knowledge about business.
3.3.1.2. Source of business knowledge of students.
Most of students in both stream have got their business knowledge from education especially
business students. So it is possible to say that majority of students in higher educational institution
get their business knowledge from education rather than talked with business persons and from
parents experience.
3.3.2 Business vision of students
When asked in principle the student do ever in vision of them self-running their own business,
they respond as follows
Table 9: Business vision of students
Question Response Business student Non-business student
Are you in No % No %
vision of Yes 29 71.6% 8 20%
yourself No 11 28.3% 32 80%
running on Total 40 100% 40 100%
your business
Source; compiled from questionnaires: 2014

As student in the table over 29(71.6%) of business student would consider going in to business for
themselves, this indicates that majority of students are in vision of going in to business. On the
other hand majority of non-business students 32(80%) would not consider going in to business for
themselves even they get possibility. So it implies the majority of students who are in vision of
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
going in to business for themselves are business students. It is known that business students have
more concept in the area of business because they get it through their education process.
3.3.3 Family/relative/Business
When asked whether there is a business person in their family or relatives the students responded
as follow
Table10: Families Business.
Item Business student Non-business student
No % No %
Yes 19 46.7% 23 58.3%
No 21 53.3% 17 41.7%
Total 40 100% 40 100%
Source; compiled from questionnaires: 2014
As indicated in the table 19(46.7%) of business students responded yes and 21(53.3%) of them
responded no. but 23(58.3%) of non-business students responded yes. This show than non-
business students Family or relative are more engaged on business than business students relative.
3.3.4 Intention of students after drop out from a university when asked if you completely
dismissed from the university due to some problem, then what will you do. They responded as
follow
Table 11: Intention of students after drop out from a university
Item Business student Non-business
student
No % No %
To start business 19 46.7% 8 20%
To continue evening education 9 21.7% 11 28.3%
To employee in organization 9 21.7% 18 43.3%
Other 3 10% 3 8.3%
Total 40 100% 40 100%
Source; compiled from questionnaires 2014
The majority of business students 19(46.7%) would consider starting the business. But the
majority of non-business students having 18(43.3%) would consider to employee in an
organization. This implies that since business students have some knowledge about the business,
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
they have intention to start if they drop out from university. On the other hand non-business
students have no intention to begin business if they drop out from university. This indicates that
they do not have enough knowledge how to start and where to start business because of this they
prefer to be employee of organization.
3.4 Assessment of socio-cultural, economic and political condition
3.4.1 Socio-Cultural environment
Socio-Cultural factors such as work culture, honesty, hard work, religion, language, attitude
towards business etc. have greater impact for those who want to start business when ask
respondents as follow
Table 12: Socio-cultural environment
Question Response No %
Is business Yes 62 77.5

respected job in
No 18 23.5%
your
environment/in
your culture?
Total 80 100%
Source: compiled from questionnaires

In the above table 62(77.5%) respondents described that business is in their environment have
been considered as “respected job” whereas 18(22.5%) respected job respondents described that
business is in their environment have not been considered as respected job the reason respondents
who said “no” are as follow
 Lack of business knowledge

 To continue education and later on to be employed in the higher organization
professionally
 Some culture dislike/Disfavor/ business for example in rural society forming have been
given more attention than business.
3.4.2. Economic environment assessment
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2014
Most of the time political ideology of the ruling government of the country greatly shapes the
economic system, the government business and entrepreneurship; when they asked about the
current economic policy they responded as follow,
Pie-chart 1: Economic environment assessments
no
Yes
Source: compiled from questionnaire: 2014
In the above table figure 4, it has been shows 62(77.50%) of the respondents described that the
current Ethiopian economic policy is favorable for an entrepreneurs (potential business
persons),whereas the remained 18(22.5%) of the respondents said that not favorable for an
entrepreneurs (potential business persons), the economic environment favorable for potential
business persons this is because now a day in the market system there is no government
interference.
Ethiopian economic policy were as follow
 Low/minimal incentive/ for business persons
 Minimal effort for economic infrastructure development
 Unfair regional economic development at rural and industrial area
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
 High amount of interest rate from financial institution
 Inefficient civil service
 Fluctuation in tariffs of import-export policy
 The prevalence of inflation in the economy
3.4.3. Assessment of political, legal environment
Government plays the crucial role in the different decision making areas of business which in turn
have an impact potential business persons when asked them the political condition of the country,
they responded as follow shown in the figure.
Pie-chart 2: The political legal assessment
36.7
no
Yes
63.3
As it has shown in the figure 5 above 51(63.3%) of the respondents described that the political or
legal condition of the country is suitable for potential business persons/ entrepreneurs/. Whereas
29(36.7%) respondents described that political or legal condition prevailing in to country has not
been suitable for potential business persons / entrepreneurs/.
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
The reason for respondents who have disfavor the political or legal condition exiting in the
country is as follow,
 Poor policies regarding a new product development such as policies regarding patent
protection , patent infringement, regulation regarding packaging ,safely and population
rule
 The complexity in permission of regulating agencies permission for new plant and
building facilities
 There are no shared objective of government and private sector
 Market regulation is not mostly the fair competition
 The dialogue between the government and private sector has not been that may
strengthened/improved/
 Bureaucratic delay and administrative inefficiency
3.4.4 An assessment how to improve the overall business orientation and entrepreneurial
attitude of students
An assessment on business students and non-business students whether the general business
orientation and entrepreneurial attitude can be improved or not, when asked the students in
both streams they responded as follow
Pie-chart 3: Assessment on improving business orientation and entrepreneurial attitude
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
41
no
yes
59
As shown in the above table 6, the majority of students 47(59.2%) from the total of both
categories think that the general business orientation and entrepreneurial attitude can be
improved. The rest of respondents 33(40.8%) do not think that the general business orientation
and entrepreneurial attitude can be improved. This implies that majority of respondents believe
that the general business orientation and entrepreneurial attitude can be improved/developed/.
The for the students who said “no “are put down as follow
 Students have no basic knowledge about business specially non-business students
 The economic status of the present condition does not enhance to have good business orientation
 The knowledge or the course about entrepreneur provided to students in higher institution is not
sufficient to catch up enough attitude about business
 Because of failures of business personal around their environment
 Lack of encouragement in family, most families encourage their children’s to fit in the
academically, not to fit in the business areas.
So it can be deduced that the education of students in higher level institution are not enough to
bring them with good entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation ,they need more
conceptual and practical course in addition to the present courses
CHAPTER FOUR
4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
4.1 CONCLUSION
The main objective the study was to assess the entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation
on of Hawassa a university graduating students. Along this study assesses the social, political
and economic conditions prevailing in the country. During the study is conducting the researcher
used primary data. The targeted populations were both from business and non- business students
whom total numbers were 80 students and also their selection were 40 students from business
and the other 40 from non- business students. The data were collected through questionnaire and
analyzed based on both qualitative and quantitative expressions.
 The three most developed attitude among business students were:
1. Ability to make decision
2. Communication skills
3. Human relation skills
 The three least developed attitude among business students were:
1. Self-discipline
2. Creativity
3. Persistence
 The three most developed attitude among non- business students were:
1. Communication skill
2. Human relation skill
3. Persistence
 The three least developed attitude among non- business students were:
1. Creativity
2. Self-discipline
The most significant between business and non- business students were
2. Creativity
The ability makes decision and Creativity was significant scored by business students than non-
business students. Our finding regarding to attitude show that two of the six entrepreneurial
attitude investigation, the business students exhibited the higher score these are the ability to
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
make decision and Creativity. Whereas the three high scored attitude of non- business students
were Communication skill, Human relation skill Persistence and discipline is common in both
students equally. With regarding other entrepreneurial attitude the finding depicted that the three
entrepreneurial attitudes were under investigation. With all of them business student were better
than non- business students.
1. Educational business knowledge
2. The attitude towards start business
3. Creative motivation for new business
Generally we can say that business student were better than non- business students in the above
entrepreneurial attitude.
The finding of orientation of business students were better than non- business students
1. Vision of business
2. Business knowledge
3. Starting business after dropping a university
Generally among the five questions prepared for business students the four questions were better
scored by business students. This shows than business students are more business oriented than
non-business students.
To sum up our analysis show that business students are more business oriented and they are
considered to potential business man. On the other hand the finding on social, economic and legal
condition show that, there is a good social, economic and legal condition for the flourishing of
business accordingly to the students believes. But still there is some problem which may need
corrective action. Such as
 Social problems
Lack of business knowledge
Preference an education than business
 Economic problem
- High taxation
- Prevalence of inflation
- Minimal effort for economic infrastructure
- Fluctuation of economic policy
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
 Political/legal problems
-Complexity in the permission of regulatory agencies
-Dialogue between private sector and government has not been strengthened
-Bureaucratic delay and administration in efficiencies
Even though the above problems were need corrective, the existing prospect for business good.
4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
This research finding has important implication for all stock holders who are involved in
entrepreneurial education and fostering business venture. It is believed that the entrepreneurial
attitude will seem to be least developed should be addressed in responsible manner. The following
least developed attitude by students’ need to be exonerated and developed.
2. Communication skill
3. Human relation skill
4. Persistence
Through adopting curricula and implementation practical initiatives the students can be given the
opportunity to develop attitude. Attention thus should be given a reaction of learning environment
where these skills are fostered and further developed. Based on empirical results, it is evident that
in some case students from both streams passes different on the pericardial attitudes and some
attitudes are more developed in one stream in relation to the other. The reason for this difference
should be identified as they could provide possible solution as how to develop these attitudes in
stream where they are less developed.
It is imperative that the university in both streams should pay attention to skill development, with
particular emphasis on those of all entrepreneurial nature. Entrepreneurs are not necessarily born
with the required characteristics can however, be acquired through education, life experience and
other.
 Based on the study it is evident that non-business students had not been business oriented. The
weaknesses should identify as they could provide possible solution as how to develop their
attitude towards business especially ministry of education should give too much focus in this
regard.
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
 Even though the existing social, economic and political atmospheres skim conducive, there is
also some problem which need corrective action through the university should be involved to
address the problem.
 In addition to the above the government and other concerned bodies must provide adequate
education about entrepreneurship and its importance. Not only this one must has the
government also prepared subsidies and other financial supports for those peoples who are
engaging in entrepreneurial activity. Higher educational institution must give a great
emphasis for entrepreneurship education and give strong moral and financial support for those
students who wants to start the act of entrepreneurship after graduation to increase their
motivation to be an entrepreneur.
Bibliography
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
1. Ayalew Zegeye (1995) entrepreneurial development in Ethiopia, paper presentation at the
annual conference on management in Ethiopia debrezeit,un published.
2. Hawassa university education and human resource abstract. (2005).
3. DawitA. (2005) entrepreneurship first edition, Branna printing enterprise, Addis Ababa.
4. From recent entrepreneurial intention of university students among researcher (tracked and
kolovircid,1999)
5. Hailay Gebretinsae. (2003) entrepreneurship and small business management Ethio central
printing press, Mekele, Ethiopia.
6. Robert D.Michael p.and dean A. (2009) entrepreneurship African edition, McGraw-Hill
custom publishing.
7. Teaching materials on the course of entrepreneurship, (2004)Hawassa university
8. Vasant Deseal, (2000), Dynamics of entrepreneurial development and management,
millennium edition, Himalaya publishing house.
Hawassa University
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
College of Business and Economics

School of Management and Accounting
Department of Management
Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of Hawassa

University Graduating students (in case of some selected collage)
By: Eshetu Wudie
A Senior Essay Presented To the department of

MANAGEMENT in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the bachelor degree in MANAGEMENT
Advisor: Hailemariam M.
June, 2014
Hawassa, Ethiopia
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of

Hawassa University Graduating students
(In case of some selected collage)
Name of the candidate (graduate) Eshetu Wudie
Advisor Mr. / Dr. Hailemariam M.
Approved by____________________________________
Date _____________
Table of content
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Content page
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………….……..…..I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………….…..…….II
Table of content ……………………………………………………………………….……III-IV
List of table ……………………………………………………………………….….………….V
Pie –chart…………………………………………………………………………….………….VI
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………..1
1.1. Background of the study……………………………………………………………..
………. 1
1.2. Statement of the problems ………………………………………………………….
…………2
1.2.1. Basic research questions…………………………………………………..……… 3
1.3. Objective of the study…………………………………………………………….
……………4
1.3.1. General objective ……………………………………………………….………….4
1.3.2. Specific objective…………………………………………………………………. 4
1.4. Significance of the study …………………………………………………………..
………….4
1.5.Scope of the study ………………………………………………………………….…………4
1.6. Limitation of the study………………………………………………………………..
……….5
1.7. Research Methodology………………………………………………………………..
……… 5
1.7.1. Sources of data …………………………………………………………………….5
1.7.2. Sampling technique……………………………………………………..………… 5
1.7.3. Sample size of the study……………………………………………………………5
1.7.4. Methods of data collection ……………………………………………...…………6
1.7.5. Methods of data analysis ……………………………………………….………….6
1.8. Organization of the
paper………………………………………………………………………7
CHAPTER TWO
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ………………………………………..………….8
2.1. Definition of entrepreneurship………………………………………………….……….. 8
2.2. Nature and development of Entrepreneurship…………………………………..………..9
2.3. Factors, influencing entrepreneurship……………………………………………...
…… 10
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
2.4. Entrepreneurial trait and characteristics…………………………………………….
……11
2.5. The role of entrepreneurship in the economy…………………………………...
……… 15
2.6. Entrepreneurship in Ethiopia
……………………………………………………………16
2.7. Business orientation ……………………………………………………………….
…….18
CHAPTER THREE
3. DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION……………………… 19
3.1. Demographic information of respondents ………………………………………...……19
3.2. Responses towards entrepreneurial attitudes of students …………………………….20
3.2.1. Entrepreneurial attitude of business student…………………………...…… 20
3.2.2. The entrepreneurial attitude of non-business students ………………...…….21

3.2.3 Comparison of the level of entrepreneurial attitude of
business and non-business students…………………………………...…… 22
3.2.4. Educational business knowledge……………………………………………. 23
3.2.5. Attitude students towards start new business ……………………………… 23
3.2.6. Creative motivation for new business……………………………………..... 24
3.3. Overview of business orientation of Hawassa University graduating students……...… 25
3.3.1. Their business knowledge and source of their knowledge……………..…… 25
3.3.1.1. Business knowledge of students …………………………………….26
3.3.1.2. Source of business knowledge of students…………………….…….26
3.3.2 Business vision of students……………………………………………….……26
3.3.3 Family/relative/Business………………………………………………...……..27
3.3.4 Intention of students after drop out from a university …………….…………..27
3.4 Assessment of socio-cultural, economic and political condition…………………..……28
3.4.1 Socio-Cultural environment…………………………………………………....28
3.4.2. Economic environment assessment……………………………………….…. 29
3.4.3. Assessment of political, legal environment …………………………..……. 30
3.4.4 An assessment how to improve the overall business
orientation and entrepreneurial attitude of students………………………… 31
CHAPTER FOUR
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION………………………………………………. 33
4.1. CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………….33

4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………………………35
Appendix1………………………………………………………………...………………VII
Appendix 2…………………………………………………………….…………………VIII
Bibliography………………………………………………...……………………….IX
List of Table Page
Table 1: sex composition of students………………………………………………………..19

Table 2: age composition of respondents………………………………………………...….20
Table 3: Entrepreneurial attitude of business students……………………………………….20
Table 4: attitude of non- business students ………………………………………………….21
Table 5: business knowledge…………………………………………………………..….…23
Table 6:start new business………………………………………………………………....…23
Table 7: creative motivation for new business…………………………………………….…24
Table 8: source of business knowledge………………………………………………….…...25
Table 9: Business vision of students………………………………………………………....26
Table10: Families Business…………………………………………………………...... …. 27
Table 11: Intention of students after drop out from a university……………………….……27
Table 12: Socio-cultural environment ……………………………………………………....28
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Pie-chart Page
Pie-chart 1: Economic environment assessments………………………………………….. 29

Pie-chart 2: The political legal assessment…………………………………………………..30
Pie-chart 3: Assessment on improving business orientation and entrepreneurial attitude…..32
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Hawassa University
College of Business and Economics

School of Management and Accounting
Department of Management
Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of Hawassa

University Graduating students (in case of some selected collage)
By: Eshetu Wudie
A Senior Essay Presented To the department of

MANAGEMENT in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the bachelor degree in MANAGEMENT
Advisor: Hailemariam M.
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
June, 2014
Hawassa, Ethiopia
Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation of

Hawassa University Graduating students
(In case of some selected collage)
Name of the candidate (graduate) Eshetu Wudie
Advisor Mr. / Dr. Hailemariam M.
Approved by____________________________________
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
Date _____________
Abstract
The study is conducted in Hawassa University. The objective of the study was to assess the
overall business orientation and entrepreneurial attitudes business and non-business students.
The researcher used primary secondary data to conduct the study to collect primary data the
researcher used questionnaires. And it includes both open ended and closed ended questions.
Preferably closed ended questions ,because the researcher believed that they are easier to
comment and defined the exact coverage required and a few open ended questions are included
this is because the researcher believed that they gave the person being surveyed an opportunity
to add in sights not anticipated by the designer of the questionnaire. And secondary data’s are
obtained directly from written documents.
The sampling technique would be judgmental and simple random sampling. 80 students were
taken a sample size and the collected data are manually sorted out by editing and clarified. The
finding routed many areas of attitudinal difference between business and non-business students.
The two most significant differences attitudes between business and non-business students were
ability to make decision and creativity. Based on business orientation business students were
more oriented by vision for business, business knowledge, starting business after drop out from
university. The finding on social, economic and political environment show that there is a good
social, economic environments for flourishing of business. But still there are some problems
which may need corrective actions. This finding has important implication for all stock holders
who are involved in entrepreneur ship education and fostering business venture. It is believed
that was entrepreneurial attitude will seem to be less developed, should addressed in responsible
manner.
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Above all i would like to thank my lord for giving me strength and patience until completing this
research.
Next to Lord, I would like to give the deepest gratitude to academic advisor Hailemariam Mamo
for his advice, collaboration and constrictive comments from the beginning to the commenting of
this research.
It is also fact that I would like to thank for my families especially for my mother and all my
friends for their contribution to the successes of this study by providing me financial and moral
support. Last not the least, I Acknowledged Hawassa University, college of business and
economies program of management to give the chance to conduct the study
Eshetu Wudie VI
2014
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Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation

1.2 Statement of the problems

1.2.1 Basic research questions

1.3 Objective of the study

1.3.2 Specific objective

 Make students aware of major advantage of business.

1.6 Limitation of the study

1.7.1 Sources of data

1.7.2 Sampling technique

1.7.3 Sample size of the study

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This definition stress on the four basic aspects of entrepreneurship

 Entrepreneurship involves creating something new value

“Entrepreneurship is a dynamic process of creating incremental wealth. This wealth increased by

Entrepreneurship is stated as to return (revolutionizes) the pattern of production by exploiting and

2.2 Nature and development of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is also defined differently in undeveloped, developed and developing country.

 Producing the new product that is not known by customer

The backgrounds of entrepreneurship include childhood family environment education, personal

Culture and sub culture

 Product development and manufacturing

Some of the basic characteristics successful entrepreneur

 Strong personal initiative

C. A need to exercise leadership

E. An ability of decision making

F. The ability to solve problems

G. A high need for feedback

H. creativity and innovativeness

I. An ability of effective business planning

J. Ability to use time affectivity

2.5 The role of entrepreneurship in the economy

An entrepreneur is one of the important segments of economy growth. Basically he or she is a

Following are some contribution of the entrepreneurs

Better utilization of resources

Creation of job opportunity

Better production methods and products

Increase in per capital output and income

Identification of business opportunities and markets

Business opportunity for suppliers

2.6 Entrepreneurship in Ethiopia

 The social decades

 The post- derg year

2.7 Business orientation

3 DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION

3.1. Demographic information of respondents

Table 1: sex composition of students

Sex Number of respondents Percent (%)

 Ability to make decision scored total of 28( 70%) of are high

3.2.2 The entrepreneurial attitude of non-business students

When asked, being non-business students, what are your responses?

Table 4: attitude of non- business students

Category Total Low High

 Communication skill (scored the total of 29 (73.3% ) of high)

The three list developed attitude among non-business student are

3.2.3 Comparison of the level of entrepreneurial attitude of business and non-business

3.2.4.Educational business knowledge

3.2.5. Attitude students towards start new business

Table 6:start new business

Question Response Business student Non-business students

3.2.6. Creative motivation for new business

Table 7: creative motivation for new business

Question Response Business student Non-business students

Total 40 100 40 100