Armed Forces of the World Naval research Considerable research efforts expendedon what ‘might be termed tho ‘oxo, the unconventional forms of warship. Hydrodynamic laws limit the speed at which displacement hulls can be effec: telydeven, deck afeas are never large enough for fequiraments, and hghpower machinery 1s 100 large, to0 hoavy or has poor economy: the naval frentect works within so many constrictions that restigation of the unorthodox is often attractive, ‘Trough, Ike most Bus-water”flets, the US Nay has litle peacotime use Tor minor combatants 2h as fast attack craft (FAC), the treat posed by Such craft cennot be ignored as they nave boon transferred iberaly by the Sovets to frend states Usually those flanking shipping lanes vite to the West Warsnips need to tran with the rea thing to testablsh tecnniques and, fr this purpose, the US Naw’ six ‘Pegasus’ cass hyarooils (PHM) are {alusble, These are the rump athe so-called ‘NATO. Hydrofoi" programme from which the USA's co perners, West Germany and Italy, retted ome, the Pegasus’ class PHMs can reach 48 Ks, about 10 kts more than tne averago FAC, and cary ‘Sight Harpoon SSMS, which confor probably the ‘restestfepower ever on craft ofthe so Hovercraft have been developed with imagina tion, Sedewell types, known ae surface oflect ships, n atone time as fsgate replacements, but the lannod 2,000 SES that wouldhnave explored the concept i curently shelved, Flexibly skirted types, knownas ar cushion vehicles, navobeen developed ‘othe extent where the nev Whidbey [lard sp will hve ths type of assault landing craft 2s a Standaed fi (Greet interests boing shown in the Small Water plane Area Twn Hul (SWATH) ship. Rather ike 2 Semisubmersnla drilng gin concept, has 3 early squsre plan, its spacious deck being su portedan two sim, buoyant pyions, aac ising rom Submerged, eyindial ull successtul, the con apt promece beter soskooping in poor weather nits revolutionary layout offers an excelent and ‘abl nelcopter or V/STOL platform. Firmly weddedto steam plant, USnavalengineet ing came lst the gus ubineand hashad tomate do onjust the LM 2500 for far too long. This General Electric unt develops about 20,000 hp (14916 KW) able, neads to be complemented By Smaller moda for COGOG arrangement. allowing 3 ship to crus economical. without incuring the penalty ofthe peor spec" uel consumption ex Bited by gas turbines when run at speeds other than ther design point. Onyy recently hos the LM 500 come on the market forthe purpose. Diegels are dsiked, 2s ndead they aro inthe Royal Nav, mainly or their noise and maintenance levels, Continental Europe, however, is the desel Stionghold ands developing the machine rapidly the type's drawbacks can be overcome, is known ‘Strengths of economy and lexbilty may wellatract. American designers. Already, ranufactuting Fcences are being token out, and desels are going inte new auxiianes and the Widbey Island’ cass ‘There is 8 growing interest in the ‘quot’ disol Apromising developmentin he USNary's esearch programme, tie SWATH (onal! Wateplane Area Fn ll semi submerse ‘Promises bettrseakeeping in poor weather, and ‘an excellenthelcopier VTOLatorm. electri gate and the diesel wi cnising engine for medi Ships Interest is Ikely fg (On a more revolutionary eonduetwity has been at Whether i il ever be sets ‘marine propulsion remans debt prime mover i bndbulk demand Be cons SHIP BATTLE FORCES STRATEGIC FORCES ‘SUBMARINES BALLISTIC MISSILE SUBMARINES SEBNGat faePaaddaraenrosoe oo Showing litle evidence ofbeing deep beneath he Alani, the Imistle compartment ofthe Trident ‘missle submarine USS Oho (SSEN 726) stretcher into the cstance. The festhullol the Oo class ‘submarines can accommedate 24 of the tong Trident DS missiles:MOBILE LocisTic SHIPS. MATERIAL SUPPORT SHIPS ‘SUPPORT SHIPS. ER AUXILIARIES BATTLE FORCES AIRCRAFT CARRERS Sees ne GelvesovAures Gh ‘SURFACE COMBATANTS. BATTLESHIPS CAUISERS 31 Sere ase Sen DESTROYERS SPRUANCE CLASS BRE — ianaeneetaa shiaeens pace Sinks tn is Sela Sutemecrmet, eatin Spices ieee dearcteont {Fi seria Hpheemnt Semorina seer, Siero seine as isemmemes Be iieeseesecs, — Hivhaneraa se tematons sehen ‘B06 3 fettargboes Cm, iba, Be eoererertawn eeverectens, ieeaeecerea es” etersone 120637 Farag Presa) ect oe" ‘The enormous sizeof the modern US ‘Gaiver lends toasortainamountot ificalyinberhing Here he large arbour uge Wapakores Nacrate ‘ndahoneca worry at USSJonnF. Kemeay cva). iced F676 mon Dogo ia omaeeeiees ipemececet on™ PEmeesee waives" Heise USS Aviwin a Know class frigate, Iaunchesan ASROC missle rom its dual purpose tuple ASROC! Harpoon mise launcher. ASROC Cartes ak 46 torpedoor a nuclear depth charge as warioad.