MODULE 7: BASIC CONCEPTS OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

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1. Crystallography the experimental science of the

arrangement of atoms in solids

2. crystallon means "cold drop /frozen drop"

referring to all solids with some
degree of transparency

3. grapho which means "write"

4. crystal is any solid material whose struc-

ture is highly ordered and sym-
metrical over macroscopic dis-
tances

5. Crystals It is made of an array of atoms,

ions, or molecules packed togeth-
er in a regular pattern, and whose
surface regularity reflects its inter-
nal symmetry

6. Crystal Structure described by giving the lattice and

motif of the crystal

7. unit cell is the smallest portion of a crys-

tal lattice that is repeated through
space without rotation and with-
out gaps or overlaps.

8. Three-dimensions A crystal can be thought of as the

same unit cell repeated over and
over in________

9. Lattice is an infinite array of regular-

ly-spaced points.

10. Non-primitive unit cells contain extra lattice points not at

the corners

11. Primitive unit cells use every lattice point as a unit

cell vertex
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 MODULE 7: BASIC CONCEPTS OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
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12. TRUE Not all lattice points need coincide

with unit cell vertices. TRUE OR
FALSE?

13. 14 The Bravais Lattice Consists of

___

14. simple cubic (primitive cubic) unit cell atoms or ions are arranged at the
corners of an imaginary cube.

15. one There is _____ atom in a simple

cubic unit cell.

16. a body-centered cubic unit cell the atoms or ions are at the cor-
ners and in the center of an imag-
inary cube.

17. two There are ______atoms in a

body-centered cubic unit cell

18. face-centered cubic unit cell there are atoms or ions at the
corners and in the center of each
face of an imaginary cube.

19. four There are _____ atoms in a

face-centered cubic unit cell.

20. Triclinic (parallelepiped) a ` b ` c,± ` ² ` ³o` 90

21. Monoclinic (paralleogramic prism) a ` b ` c,± = ³ = 90

o ² ` 120
o

22. Orthorhombic (rectangular prism) a ` b ` c,± = ² = ³ = o90

23. Tetragonal (Square prism) a = b ` c,± = ² = ³ = o90

24. Isometric (Cubic) a = b = c, ± = ² = ³ = o90

25. Trigonal/Rhombohedral (equilateral, a = b = c, ± = ² = ³ `o90

equiangular parallelepiped)

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 MODULE 7: BASIC CONCEPTS OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
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26. Hexagonal (120o rhombic prism) a = b ` c,± = ² = 90
o ,³ = 120o

27. Coordination Number (CN) the number of nearest neighbors

that each atom has

28. 6 the coordination number of a sim-

ple cubic structure

29. 0.68 the atomic packing factor of a

BCC structure?

30. 8 the coordination number of a BCC

structure

31. 12 the coordination number of a FCC

structure

32. Atomic Packing Factor (APF) used to express the percent of an

object is made of atoms against
its empty space.

33. dividing the volume of the atoms inside how can you calculate the atomic
by the total volume packing factor for a crystal?

34. 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mols what is the value of Avogadro's

number?

35. n A /Vc NA what is the formula for density?

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