Criminal procedure- deals with the set of rules governing the series of proceedings

through which the government enforces substantive criminal law.

Criminal law generally defines the rights and obligations of individuals in society.
Criminal procedure generally concerns the enforcement of individuals' rights during
the criminal process.

System of Criminal procedure- The process of adjudication is typically

either adversarial (also called accusatorial) or inquisitorial in nature

CRIMINAL JURISDICTION

A. Territorial
Refers to whether the criminal offense occurred within the sovereign
boundaries of North Carolina, or has a close enough nexus to the state to
justify the state punishing the crime.
B. Personal
Refers to the court’s power to act upon the defendant, which generally
requires that a valid criminal process be properly served on the defendant.
C. Subject Matter
Refers to the court’s authority to hear the type of case or matter in question,
and addresses which cases are properly heard in which courts.

Jurisdiction of a court or arbitrator means the inherent power to decide a case;

whereas Venue designates the particular location (county or city) in which a court or
arbitrator with jurisdiction may hear and determine the case or controversy.

MTCs shall have jurisdiction over crimes punishable only by a fine not exceeding
₱4,000. Hence, a crime punishable only by a fine exceeding ₱4,000 is within the
jurisdiction of the Regional Trial Court (RTC)

A complaint is a sworn written statement made to a court or magistrate that a person

has been guilty of designated offence. SEC. 5. An information is an accusation in
writing charging a person with a public offence, presented and signed by the promoter
fiscal or his deputy and filed with the clerk of court.

Double Jeopardy- a person cannot be charged with a same or identical crime when
such person was already previously convicted or acquitted of a similar crime.

A complaint or information is sufficient if it shows: The name of the defendant, or, if

his name cannot be discovered, that he is described under a fictitious name with a
statement that his true name is unknown to the informant or official signing the same.