GAT Logical Reasoning

1. Look at this series: F2, __, D8, C16, B32, ... What number should fill the blank?
A. A16
B. G4
C. E4
D. E3
Answer: Option C
Explanation: The letters decrease by 1; the numbers are multiplied by 2.

2. Look at this series: 8, 43, 11, 41, __, 39, 17, ... What number should fill in the blank?
A. 8
B. 14
C. 43
D. 44
Answer: Option B
Explanation: This is a simple alternating addition and subtraction series. The first series begins
with 8 and adds 3; the second begins with 43 and subtracts 2.

3.CMM, EOO, GQQ, _____, KUU

A. GRR
B. GSS
C. ISS
D. ITT
Answer: Option C
Explanation: The first letters are in alphabetical order with a letter skipped in between each
segment: C, E, G, I, K. The second and third letters are repeated; they are also in order with a
skipped letter: M, O, Q, S, U.
4.

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Answer: Option C
Explanation: This is an alternating series. In the first segment, the letter "E" faces right, then
down, then right. In the second segment, the letters all face down. To follow this pattern, in the
fourth segment, the letters must all face up.

5. Which word does NOT belong with the others?

A. unique
B. beautiful
C. rare
D. exceptional
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Unique, rare, and exceptional are all synonyms. Beautiful has a different meaning.

5. CAGE: The necessary part of the underlined word is:

A. enclosure
B. prisoner
C. animal
D. zoo
Answer: Option A
Explanation: A cage is meant to keep something surrounded, so enclosure is the essential
element. A prisoner (choice b) or an animal (choice c) are two things that may be kept in cages,
among many other things. A zoo (choice d) is only one place that has cages.
6. SLAPSTICK : LAUGHTER
A. fallacy : dismay
B. genre : mystery
C. satire : anger
D. mimicry : tears
E. horror : fear
Answer: Option E
Explanation: Slapstick results in laughter; horror results in fear.

7. Here are some words translated from an artificial language.

malgauper means peach cobbler
malgaport means peach juice
moggagrop means apple jelly
Which word could mean "apple juice"?

A. moggaport
B. malgaauper
C. gropport
D. moggagrop
Answer: Option A
Explanation: Malga means peach; uper means cobbler; port means juice; mogga means apple;
and grop means jelly. Therefore, moggaport means apple juice.

8. People speculate when they consider a situation and assume something to be true based on
inconclusive evidence. Which situation below is the best example of Speculation ?
A. Francine decides that it would be appropriate to wear jeans to her new office on Friday
after reading about "Casual Fridays" in her employee handbook.
B. Mary spends thirty minutes sitting in traffic and wishes that she took the train instead of
driving.
C. After consulting several guidebooks and her travel agent, Jennifer feels confident that the
hotel she has chosen is first-rate.
D. When Emily opens the door in tears, Theo guesses that she's had a death in her family.
Answer: Option D
Explanation: This is the only situation in which someone makes an assumption that is not based
on conclusive evidence. Choices a and c reflect situations in which assumptions are made based
on evidence. In choice b, Mary is not assuming anything to be true. She is simply wishing that
she'd made a different decision.

9. The school principal has received complaints from parents about bullying in the school yard
during recess. He wants to investigate and end this situation as soon as possible, so he has asked
the recess aides to watch closely. Which situation should the recess aides report to the principal?
A. A girl is sitting glumly on a bench reading a book and not interacting with her peers.
B. Four girls are surrounding another girl and seem to have possession of her backpack.
C. Two boys are playing a one-on-one game of basketball and are arguing over the last
basket scored.
D. Three boys are huddled over a handheld video game, which isn't supposed to be on
school grounds.
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Seeing four girls surrounding another girl, while in possession of her backpack, is
the most suspicious of the incidents described.

10. Tim's commute never bothered him because there were always seats available on the train
and he was able to spend his 40 minutes comfortably reading the newspaper or catching up on
paperwork. Ever since the train schedule changed, the train has been extremely crowded, and by
the time the doors open at his station, there isn't a seat to be found.
A. Tim would be better off taking the bus to work.
B. Tim's commute is less comfortable since the train schedule changed.
C. Many commuters will complain about the new train schedule.
D. Tim will likely look for a new job closer to home.
Answer: Option B
Explanation: The passage tells us that Tim's commute didn't bother him because he was always
able to sit down and comfortably read or do paperwork. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that
Tim's commute has become less comfortable since the schedule change, because it is very
crowded and he can no longer find a seat. There is no information given that supports choices a,
c, and d.
11. In a four-day period Monday through Thursday each of the following temporary office
workers worked only one day, each a different day. Ms. Johnson was scheduled to work on
Monday, but she traded with Mr. Carter, who was originally scheduled to work on Wednesday.
Ms. Falk traded with Mr. Kirk, who was originally scheduled to work on Thursday. After all the
switching was done, who worked on Tuesday?
A. Mr. Carter
B. Ms. Falk
C. Ms. Johnson
D. Mr. Kirk
Answer: Option D
Explanation: After all the switches were made, Mr. Kirk worked on Tuesday. Mr. Carter
worked on Monday, Ms. Johnson on Wednesday, and Ms. Falk on Thursday.

12. One New York publisher has estimated that 50,000 to 60,000 people in the United States
want an anthology that includes the complete works of William Shakespeare. And what accounts
for this renewed interest in Shakespeare? As scholars point out, his psychological insights into
both male and female characters are amazing even today.
This paragraph best supports the statement that
A. Shakespeare's characters are more interesting than fictional characters today.
B. people even today are interested in Shakespeare's work because of the characters.
C. academic scholars are putting together an anthology of Shakespeare's work.
D. New Yorkers have a renewed interested in the work of Shakespeare.
E. Shakespeare was a psychiatrist as well as a playwright.
Answer: Option D
Explanation: The last sentence in the paragraph clearly gives support for the idea that the
interest in Shakespeare is due to the development of his characters. Choice a is incorrect because
the writer never makes this type of comparison. Choice c is wrong because even though scholars
are mentioned in the paragraph, there is no indication that the scholars are compiling the
anthology. Choice d is wrong because there is no support to show that most New Yorkers are
interested in this work. There is no support for choice e either.
13. Statement: "To make the company commercially viable, there is an urgent need to prune the
staff strength and borrow money from the financial institutions." - Opinion of a consultant.
Assumptions:
I. The financial institutions lend money for such proposals.

II. The product of the company has a potential market.

III. The employees of the company are inefficient.

A. None is implicit
B. All are implicit
C. Only I and II are implicit
D. Only II and III are implicit
E. Only I and III are implicit
Answer: Option C
Explanation: Since the consultant talks of borrowing money from financial institutions, so I is
implicit. That the owners wish to make the company 'commercially viable' makes II implicit.
Also, it is mentioned that staff strength is to be reduced to make the company 'commercially
viable'. So, III is not implicit.

14. Statement: Courts take too long in deciding important disputes of various departments.
Courses of Action:
I. Courts should be ordered to speed up matters.
II. Special powers should be granted to officers to settle disputes concerning their
department.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Answer: Option E
Explanation: Clearly, either the work in the court needs to be speeded up or the system be
reorganized so that more number of problems can be resolved at the lower levels itself, to
provide speedy justice to the people. So, both the courses follow.

15. Statements: The best way to escape from a problem is to solve it.
Conclusions:
I. Your life will be dull if you don't face a problem.
II. To escape from problems, you should always have some solutions with you.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Answer: Option D
Explanation: Clearly, both I and II do not follow from the given statement.

16. Though the waste of time or the expenditure on fashions is very large, yet fashions have
come to stay. They will not go, come what may. However, what is now required is that strong
efforts should be made to displace the excessive craze for fashion from the minds of these
youngsters.
The passage best supports the statement that:
A. fashion is the need of the day.
B. the excessive craze for fashion is detrimental to one's personality.
C. the hoard for fashion should be done away with so as not to let down the constructive
development.
D. work and other activities should be valued more than the outward appearance.
Answer: Option C
Explanation: No answer description is given (try for yourself!).
17. Statements:
I. India has surpassed the value of tea exports this year over all the earlier years due to an
increase in demand for quality tea in the European market.
II. There is an increase in demand of coffee in the domestic market during the last two years.

A. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect

B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer: Option C
Explanation: The two statements discuss two separate statistical and generalised results.

18. Statement: Should trade unions be banned completely?

Arguments:
I. Yes. Workers can concentrate on production.
II. No. This is the only way through which employees can put their demands before the
management.
III. Yes. Employees get their illegal demands fulfilled through these unions.
IV. No. Trade unions are not banned in other economically advanced countries.

A. Only I is strong
B. Only II is strong
C. Only I and II are strong
D. Only I, II and III are strong
E. None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Clearly, trade unions provide a common platform for the workers to voice their
demands and protests and thus ensure that they are not subdued or exploited. So, argument II
holds strong, while I and III do not. Besides, the idea of imitation of other countries in the
implementation of a certain policy holds no relevance. So, argument IV also does not hold
strong.
19. Statements: All cups are glasses. Some glasses are bowls. No bowl is a plate.
Conclusions:
I. No cup is a plate.
II. No glass is a plate.
III. Some plates are bowls.
IV. Some cups are not glasses.

A. None follows
B. Only either I or III follows
C. Only II and III follow
D. Only III and IV follow
E. None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation: All cups are glasses. Some glasses are bowls.

Since the middle term 'glasses' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite
conclusion follows.

Some glasses are bowls. No bowl is a plate.

Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative
and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some glasses are not plates'.