NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

EE LR 12 Analog Circuits lab
Expt. No.02 Date.09-02-24
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Clipping circuits
Aim:
To design, Setup and study various clipping circuits.

Apparatus Required:

Sl.no Component Rating quantity

1 Diode 1N4007 1
2 Resister 3.3kΩ 1
3 DC power supply - 1
4 AC power supply - 1
5 breadboard - 1
6 DSO - 1

Circuit Diagram:
Positive clipper circuit:

Negative clipper circuit:

Positive clipper circuit clipping at +3.6V:

Positive clipper circuit clipping at-2.4V:

Negative clipper clipping at -3.6V:

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Positive and negative clipper circuit clipping at +0.6V and -0.6V:

Positive and negative clipper circuit clipping at +3.7V and -3.7V:

Calculation:
Calculation for positive clipper circuit:
In the positive half cycle the diode is in forward bias condition
So, it can be replaced by the barrier potential of the diode which is 0.7V
hence, the output voltage Vo=0.7V
In the negative half cycle the diode is reverse biased
So, the diode is open circuited
Hence, the output voltage in equal to input Vo=Vin.

Calculation for negative clipper circuit:

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In the positive half cycle the diode is reverse biased

So, the diode is open circuited

Hence, the output voltage in equal to input Vo=Vin.
In the negative half cycle the diode is in forward bias condition
So, it can be replaced by the barrier potential of the diode which is 0.6V
hence, the output voltage Vo=-0.6V.

Calculation for positive clipper circuit clipping at +3.6V:

In the positive half cycle the diode is forward biased

So, it can be replaced by the barrier potential of the diode which is 0.6V
Hence, the output voltage is V0=0.6+3=3.6V.
In the negative half cycle the diode is reverse biased
So, the diode is open circuited
Hence, the output is same as the input Vo=Vin.

Calculation for positive clipper circuit clipping at-2.4V :

In the positive half cycle the diode is forward biased

So, it can be replaced by the barrier potential of the diode which is 0.6V
Hence, the output voltage is V0=-3+0.6=-2.4V
In the negative half cycle the diode is forward biased till the input reaches -3V and then it is
reverse biased
So, till Vin<-3V the output V0=-2.4V and when Vin>-3V the output Vo=Vin.

Calculation for Negative clipper clipping at -3.6V:

In the positive half cycle the diode is reverse biased

So, the diode is open circuited

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Hence, the output voltage in equal to input Vo=Vin.
In the negative half cycle the diode is reverse biased till the input V0>-3V
Hence, the output is V0=-Vin till Vin> -3V and V0=--3.6V when Vin <3V.

Calculation for both positive and negative cipper circuit clipping at 0.6V:
In the positive half cycle one diode is forward bias and the other is reverse bias
So, the forward biased doide can be replaced by as 0.6V supply
Hence, the output voltage is V0=0.6V
In the negative half cycle one diode is forward bias and the other is reverse bias
So, the forward biased doide can be replaced by as 0.6V supply
Hence, the output voltage is V0=-0.6V.

Output waveform of Positive clipper circuit:

0.8V

-9V

Output waveform of negative clipper circuit:

9V

-0.8V

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Output waveform of Positive clipper circuit clipping at +3.6V:

3.8V

-9V

Output waveform of Positive clipper circuit clipping at-2.4V:

-2.2V

8.8V

Output waveform of Negative clipper clipping at -3.6V:

9V

-3.8V

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Output waveform of both positive and negative cipper circuit clipping at 0.6V:

Output waveform of Positive and negative cipper circuit clipping at +3.7V and -3.7V:

3.8V

-3.8V

Transfer characteristics of Positive and negative cipper circuit clipping at +3.7V and -3.7V:

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Result:
Various clipping circuits were implemented and the output wave forms were obtained

 On implementing positive clipper circuit Positive half cycle was clipped

 On implementing negative clipper circuit negative half cycle was clipped
 In Positive clipper circuit when a voltage source of 3V is connected in series, the portion
above 3.6V was clipped.
 In Positive clipper circuit when a voltage source of 3V is connected in series with the
source, negative of diode connected to negative of the source, the portion above -2.4V
was clipped
 When the diode conections are reversed in the above case the portion below -3.6V was
clipped.
 When two diodes were connected in anti parallel the portion above 0.6V and the
portion below -0.6V was clipped.

Conclusions:
 Using a positive clipper circuit the Positive half cycle can be clipped
 Using a negative clipper circuit the negative half cycle can be clipped
 A voltage source can be placed in series with the positive or negative clipper circuit to
obtain outputs clipped at different voltage levels according to the DC source.
 When diodes are placed in anti-parallel both positive and negative cycles can be clipped.

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