SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ECE DEPARTMENT

CAD01 – COMPUTER-AIDED DRAFTING

ACTIVITY 02
Basic Drawing Objects in AutoCAD

HYBRID GROUP 5
CUESTAS, Maricor M.
GLORIOSO, Ken Erick O.
GUIA, Tricia Nicole I.

ECE 1 – IG (SET B)
Wednesday (7:30AM -10:30AM)

DATE OF PERFORMANCE: October 1-5, 2021

DATE OF SUBMISSION: October 6, 2021

RATING
ENGR. KRIS BRYAN G. NAYNES
INSTRUCTOR
I. INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION

CAD (Computer Aided Design) is the process of designing and documenting a product using
computer software.

Engineering drawings have evolved and become popular over time because visual things
transcend languages. Earlier engineering drawings were hand-drawn; however, investigations have
revealed that engineering designs are highly complex. Many engineering challenges necessitate a
combination of organization, analysis, problem-solving techniques, and a graphical depiction of the
problem in order to be solved.

In engineering, objects are represented by a technical drawing (also known as drafting) that
depicts the physical object's designs and specifications, as well as data relationships. A technical drawing
must be precise because it communicates all of the object's information clearly.

The usage of graphical symbols such as points, lines, curves, planes, and forms is common in
engineering drawings. It essentially provides a graphical representation of a full description of every
component.

In AutoCAD, lines are one of the most basic drawing components. As you can see, AutoCAD
prompts you for the first (or start) point before prompting you for the following point when you run the
LINE command. Between the two points, AutoCAD simply generates a straight-line segment. AutoCAD
will keep prompting you for the next point and drawing line segments until you either press Enter> or
press Esc> to cancel the command.

The method of specifying relative coordinates is made easier using dynamic input. All
dimensions and coordinates you type are measured from the last given position when Dynamic Input is
enabled. You can also observe the length and direction visually without needing to calculate the direction
angles using dynamic input. You simply point in the direction you want to go and tell AutoCAD how far
you want to go.

A circle is another basic AutoCAD drawing object. AutoCAD requires a center coordinate and a
radius distance by default. There are, however, several more ways to make a circle. When you run the
CIRCLE command, it asks if you want to specify a center point for the circle or an image. If you select the
down arrow, you'll discover that you have other circle-drawing possibilities.

Arcs are another type of basic drawing object. An arc is merely a circle segment. Arcs have a
center point and radius, just like circles, but they also have a starting angle and an ending angle. The arc
segment is the portion of the circle between the start and finish angles. Keep in mind that AutoCAD
measures angles in a counterclockwise orientation by default, with 0 on the positive X-axis. Arcs are
drawn in a counterclockwise way as well. This signifies that AutoCAD will draw the arc segment in a
counterclockwise direction from the starting angle to the finishing angle by default.

A rectangle is a geometric flat form - a parallelogram - with equal opposed sides and right angles.
The length of a rectangle is its length, while the width of a rectangle is its breadth. In AutoCAD, a
rectangle is a two-dimensional closed polyline made up of four-line segments.

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 II. OBJECTIVES

1. To demonstrate your work imagination through calculated and precise measurements.

2. Understand the concept and techniques for drawing.
3. Understand the fundamentals of CAD drawing formats and commands.

III. PROCEDURES

To start the figure in exercise 3, use the size of the first design. Using the command "L" or the line,
start by plotting the origin (0,0), then followed by the coordinates, (80,0) to continue the line horizontal to
the positive x axis. Input @15<90, followed by @45<52, and deduct 90 degrees at 38 degrees in the draw
to produce the direction of the line. Use the coordinates, @80<90 to form an angle of 90 degrees going to
the y axis. The line's direction was 221 degrees, then subtract 139 degrees from 360 and entered
@36.25<221. After that, input @30<270 onto the next line. Following that, press enter to start a new
specific point. Of course, start from the origin (0,0) for the next line, which is (0,60) and it runs vertically.
The next step is to determine the direction of the following line, so add 67 degrees to 270 degrees to get
337 degrees then, input @67<337. The final step is to calculate the angle needed to get the line pointing
the right direction, that results to 58 degrees, so enter @45<58. Next, use an angular command in the
dimension tab to double-check the angles when the drawing is done.

In exercise 4, use the rectangle and the line command. Start with the rectangle for it will serve as
the basis or the reference for the next steps. Input rectangle on the command box and enter the length of
150 and the width of 45 with the direction of 30 degrees. Then, use the command line to start a specific
point with the origin (0,0). After that, enter @150<30 with the size of 45. Next, use the erase command to
remove the rectangle that you made at first. Continue entering the line with the size of 45 going back to
the origin and then erase the right side of the rectangle. Then, input line to the command box to create new
line on the upper right side of the rectangle with the length of 120, followed by @45<270 and @115<180.
Press the command line once again to identify where to place a new specific point then input @30<70,
@150<0, @120<270, @150<270 and @45<150. Then now you have the result.

In exercise 5, use the line and circle command. Start by using the line command and input (0,0)
that is obviously the origin. Next, input @50<0, @30<135, @150<0, @30<225, @50<0, @50<90,
@200<180, and @50<180 then press enter. Those coordinates are used to create the bottom of the figure.
Identify the center of the circle and use the circle (center, radius) command. With that, input (120,100)
with the radius of 30 and make another point which is considered as the center with the radius of 60. For
the line that connects both sides of the drawing, use the line command and input (0,50) then click the end
point in which the circle and the line connects including the other point which is (200,50).

In exercise 6, use the command line and arc. Estimate the sizes of the spacing to easily identify the
arcs. Start with the origin and input (30,0) and (30,20). The estimated size of the spacing is 20, so start
again with the specific point then input (50,20), (50,110) and (110,20). For the next step, the size of the
spacing is also 20 and use the command line to start the next specific point then input (130,20), (130,0),
(170,0) and (170,44) then press enter. For the left side of the drawing, use again the command box and
input (0,0) or the origin followed by (0,70). The next points are (20,90), (70,90) and (70,60). Next, use 30
for the size of the spacing using the command box, enter a new specific point followed by (100,60),
(100,90), (135,30) and (170,44). For the bottom of the arc, use the command arc (start, end, radius). For
the starting point, input (30,20), (50,20) for the end point and the radius is 10. For the second arc, the start
point is (110,20), (130,20) for the end point and the radius is 10. For the third arc on the side in which
connects to the point (0,70) and (20,90), the radius is 20. And for the fourth arc that connects to the point
(70,60) and (100,60), the radius is 15. After the drawing, use the dimensions for radius to identify if you
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 have entered the correct sets of radius.
IV. DATA AND RESULTS

For Exercise 3

For Exercise 4

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For Exercise 5

For Exercise 6

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V. CONCLUSION

Engineering drawing have evolved overtime, and now involves different skills. One of these, is the
problem-solving skill that is highly recommended for such matter because it deals with different problems
and the needs of critical thinking to solve every problem. When we are in our grade school days, we
enjoyed drawing especially when it is the basic ones like the shapes. In high school days, we are not so
much in drawings but with the measuring of those figures. Today, we are now in college and those
practices that we have done during our grade school and high school days are combined but created using
electronic devices, yet it is more complicated and needs a lot of understandings. As an engineering student
and someday will become a successful engineer, we are doing an activity like this for us to engage with
different practices that we might encounter in our entire journey with so much learning competencies.
Furthermore, we are learning about command line output and practicing it by creating different shapes and
designs. When we first start working on a design, we try to learn as many basic tools as possible.

VI. REFERENCE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIGgeChuaGc&t=341s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1vPz_nSsZA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fC-fh4ddzSw&t=150s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HocRbCetLgU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shll1ph_GDY&t=186s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDe1q4lyE68

https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/introduction-to-autocad-r/9780134271026/ch04.html#ch04lev2sec20

https://drawing-portal.com/en/creation-of-objects-in-autocad/rectangle-in-autocad.html#:~:text=A
%20rectangle%20is%20geometric%20flat%20figure%20-%20parallelogram%2C,two-dimensional%20closed
%20polyline%20consisting%20of%20four%20line%20segments.

https://www.designtechcadacademy.com/knowledge-base/introduction-to-cad

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