100 GA Previous Year Questions for SSC MTS Exam 2023

Q1. Which country hosted the 1982 edition of the Asian Q8. The Temple at Khajuraho were built during which
Games? dynasty?
(a) India (a) Nanda dynasty
(b) Qatar (b) Maurya dynasty
(c) China (c) Chandella dynasty
(d) Pakistan (d) Vijayanagara dynasty

Q2. Which among the following is an agricultural festival of Q9. How many biosphere reserves are there in India?
Arunachal Pradesh and celebrated by the Galo tribe? (a) Seventeen
(a) Losar (b) Eighteen
(b) Mopin (c) Sixteen
(c) Karma (d) Nineteen
(d) Ugadi
Q10. The 18% century, the development of cotton industries
Q3. In August 2022, Prime Minister of India inaugurated Homi in Britain resulted in
Bhabha Cancer Hospital in (a) Increase in demand of Indian textile in Britain
(a) New Delhi (b) Decline of textiles production in India
(b) Chennai (c) Increase in demand of Indian textile in India
(c) Mohali (d) Decline of British textiles industries in India
(d) Pune
Q11. “Eskimos” are associated with which geographical
Q4. “Magnus Carlsen” is associated with which of the region?
following games? (a) Tropical Rainforest Region
(a) Chess (b) Polar Region
(b) Boxing (c) Savanna Grassland
(c) Table Tennis (d) Arid Region
(d) Golf
Q12. The Xinjiang region, which was seen in the news due to
Q5. According to the World Bank classification 2020-2021, the collapse of a gold mine, is located in which country?
India belongs to the category of (a) North Korea
(a) lower-middle income country (b) South Korea
(b) upper-middle income country (c) China
(c) high-income country (d) Japan
(d) Low-income country

Q6. In the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, _____________

assures the dignity of the individual.
(a) fraternity
(b) justice
(c) equality
(d) liberty

Q7. The cells having well - organized nucleus with a nuclear

membrane are designated as
(a) prokaryotic cells
(b) eukaryotic cells
(c) autokaryotic cells
(d) Cheek cells

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Q13. The Race of My Life’ is an autobiography of famous Q21. In which type of farming, the land is used for growing
Indian athlete________. food and fodder crops and rearing livestock?
(a) Yuvraj Singh (a) Mixed farming
(b) Milkha Singh (b) Dairy farming
(c) Sania Mirza (c) Plantation farming
(d) Kapil Dev (d) Commercial farming

Q14. The offences for which the police may arrest a person Q22. First session of Indian National congress held in
without the permission of the court is called _______________. _____________.
(a) Non-Cognizable offences (a) Lahore
(b) Cognizable offences (b) Bombay
(c) Detention offences (c) Surat
(d) Cross offences (d) Calcutta

Q15. Twenty five percent of the land revenue collected by Q23. Ilyas Khan was born in Lucknow to a family of musicians.
Marathas in the Deccan was called_________. He was famous for playing _______.
(a) Bhoga (a) Veena
(b) Bhaga (b) Sitar
(c) Sardeshmulkhi (c) Tabla
(d) Chauth (d) Mridangam

Q16. The normal temperature of the human body is __________. Q24. Fungi can grow on which of the following items?
(a) 37°C I. Bread
(b) 31°C II. Pickles
(c) 34°C III. Leather
(d) 32°C IV. Clothes
Select the correct option.
Q17. Karagam Folk Dance is associated with which state? (a) I, II, III and IV
(a) Tamil Nadu (b) I and III
(b) Haryana (c) I, II and III
(c) Rajasthan (d) I and II
(d) Assam
Q25. As per Budget 2023-24, how much comes from
Q18. Gair dance is performed by the ____________ community of corporation tax for every 1 Re receipt of the government?
Rajasthan. (a) 15 paisa
(a) Bhil (b) 17 paisa
(b) Gujjar (c) 4 paisa
(c) Gond (d) 7 paisa
(d) Jat
Q26. Who among the following introduced the silver tanka
Q19. Which of the following is “NOT one of the three major and the copper Jital - the two basic coins of the Sultanate
types of rocks? period?
(a) Sedimentary Rocks (a) Alauddin Khilji
(b) Magnetic Rocks (b) Qutubuddin Aibak
(c) Igneous Rocks (c) Iltutmish
(d) Metamorphic Rocks (d) Ibrahim Lodi

Q20. According to the Ashokan Inscription which of the Q27. Who was the President of the Swaraj Party formed in the
following was NOT a provincial centre in Magadha Empire? year 1922?
(a) Indraprastha (a) Motilal Nehru
(b) Taxila (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Tosali (c) Chittaranjan Das
(d) Ujjayini
(d) C Rajagopalachari

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Q28. Pandit Shiv Kumar Sharma, an Indian musician and Q36. Which among the following states has the highest sex
composer was the foremost exponent of the ratio in India according to the Census 2011?
(a) Santoor (a) Kerala
(b) Violin (b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Harmonium (c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Guitar (d) Maharashtra

Q29. Which among the following is NOT a Jovian planet? Q37. The Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill,
(a) Mercury 2022 aimed at unifying the ______________ Municipal
(b) Neptune Corporations of Delhi to ensure a robust setup for synergized
(c) Jupiter and strategic planning and optimal utilization of resources.
(d) Saturn (a) four
(b) five
Q30. Which Guru of Kuchipudi dance form received Padma (c) two
Bhushan in the year 1998? (d) three
(a) Kelucharan Mohapatra
(b) Uday Shankar Q38. India accounts for what percent of the total geographical
(c) Guru Vempati Chinna Satyam area of the world?
(d) Guru Bipin Singh (a) 2.4 percent
(b) 5.2 percent
Q31. Indian Railways plan to become Net Zero Carbon (c) 3.2 percent
Emitter by (d) 4.8 percent
(a) 2027
(b) 2025 Q39. Galvanization is a process in which a protective
(c) 2030 ________________ coating is applied on iron to prevent it from
(d) 2032 rusting.
(a) Zinc
Q32. The Jain temple at Pattadakal was built by (b) Nickel
(a) Rashtrakutas (c) Copper
(b) Chalukyas (d) Silver
(c) Cholas
(d) Hoyasalas Q40. Which among the following is the famous harvest
festival of Meghalaya, India?
Q33. The prehistoric period in the early development of (a) Sunburn festival
human beings is commonly known as the ___________________. (b) Chapcharkut festival
(a) Iron age (c) Nongkrem festival
(b) Mesolithic age (d) Hornbill festival
(c) New stone age
(d) Old stone age Q41. Which among the following sessions of the Indian
National Congress was the first session to be presided over by
Q34. Which UK Prime Minister resigned on 20" October, 2022 a lady?
after serving for 44 days? (a) Lahore - 1929
(a) Theresa May (b) Calcutta - 1917
(b) Boris Johnson (c) Kanpur - 1925
(c) Rishi Sunak (d) Surat - 1907
(d) Liz Truss
Q42. Which among the following elements is used in
Q35. According to the 2011 census, what is the literacy rate of moisturizing creams and soaps because of its hygroscopic
New Delhi District? properties?
(a) 88.01 percent (a) Freon
(b) 54.12 percent (b) Ethanol
(c) 98.42 percent (c) Glycerol
(d) 64.09 percent
(d) Galena

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Q43. The Walker Cup is associated with which of the Q51. Who won the prestigious Abhinandan Saroja National
following sports? Award 2021 by the National Institute of Indian Classical
(a) Football Dance?
(b) Golf (a) Srimanta Sankardev
(c) Hockey (b) Aparna Satheesan
(d) Chess (c) Saroj Khan
(d) Pandit Birju Maharaj
Q44. Which of the following states is the leading producer of
cotton in India, as of November 2022? Q52. Which river is also known as Dakshin Ganga?
(a) Telangana (a) Godavari
(b) Madhya Pradesh (b) Kaveri
(c) Karnataka (c) Krishna
(d) Gujarat (d) Tungabhadra

Q45. Which of the following vitamins helps to keep our skin Q53. Gorakhpur is the Headquarter of _______ Railway of India.
and eyes healthy? (a) Western
(a) Vitamin C (b) Eastern
(b) Vitamin B (c) Northern
(c) Vitamin D (d) North-Eastern
(d) Vitamin A
Q54. Which state government launched the “Panchamrut
Q46. Article 17 of the Indian constitution is related with Yojana”?
__________. (a) Odisha
(a) Right to Education (b) West Bengal
(b) Abolition of Titles (c) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Abolition of Untouchability
(d) Karnataka
(d) Equality before law
Q55. The forces which act in the interior of the earth are
Q47. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, famous Indian scientist's,
called as _______
autobiography is known as _________.
(a) exogenic forces
(a) The Race of My Life
(b) frictional forces
(b) Wings of Fire
(c) gravitational forces
(c) One Life is Not Enough
(d) endogenic forces
(d) Waiting for a Visa
Q56. Ustad Shafaat Ahmed Khan was best known for which of
Q48. Who among the following has been awarded with Major
the following instrument?
Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award 2021 for “Para Shooting”?
(a) Harmonium
(a) Krishna Nagar
(b) Violin
(b) Avani Lekhara
(c) Tabla
(c) Pramod Bhagat
(d) Sumit Antil (d) Rudra Veena

Q49. Bharatanatyam dance is associated with which state? Q57. Which plant tissue is responsible for the transportation
(a) Madhya Pradesh of water and minerals from the soil to the stems and leaves?
(b) Maharashtra (a) Collenchyma
(c) Kerala (b) Parenchyma
(d) Tamil Nadu (c) Phloem
(d) Xylem
Q50. What does ‘F’ stand for in FRBM Act, 2003 of Indian
economy? Q58. How many field players are in a hockey team?
(a) Functional (a) 9
(b) Fiscal (b) 14
(c) Freedom (c) 11
(d) Financial (d) 7

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Q59. Cells were first observed in cork by ______ in 1665. Q65. During the Sultanate of Delhi, the term "Ulema" was
(a) Edward Jenner associated with ______
(b) Theophrastus (a) Learned theologians and Jurists
(c) Anton van Leeuwenhoek (b) Postal officer
(d) Robert Hooke (c) Commander-in-chief
(d) Village Revenue officer
Q60. The intervention of the government whether to expand
demand or reduce it constitutes the _______ Q66. When the British rule ended in India in the year 1947 the
(a) stabilisation function literacy rate was just ______
(b) transition function (a) 12 percent
(c) redistribution function (b) 22 percent
(d) expenditure function (c) 18 percent
(d) 20 percent
Q61. Who was the court poet of Harshavardhana?
(a) Sri Ponna Q67. Bahmani Monuments at Gulbarga, Karnataka represent
(b) Parmanand ______ style of architecture.
(c) Hema Saraswati (a) Nagara
(d) Banabhatta (b) Sikh
(c) Deccan
(d) Mameluke
Q62. Unemployment caused by the recession of 2008-2010 is
an example of which of the following types of unemployment?
Q68. The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021 belongs to
(a) Classical
_______ Ministry of India.
(b) Structural
(a) Earth Sciences
(c) Frictional
(b) Tribal Affairs
(d) Cyclical
(c) Law and Justice
(d) Home Affairs
Q63. Which harvest festival is famously celebrated in Assam?
(a) Lohri
Q69. Which is the oldest tennis tournament in the world?
(b) Makar Sankranti (a) Wimbledon
(c) Bhogali Bihu (b) French Open
(d) Onam (c) US Open
(d) Australian Open
Q64. ‘A life of the Genius: The Man Who Knew Infinity’ is a
biography of Indian mathematician _______ Q70. The reaction between an acid and a base is known as
(a) Srinivasa Ramanujan _______
(b) Acharya Pingala (a) Neutralisation reaction
(c) Neena Gupta (b) Condensation reaction
(d) Aryabhata (c) Oxidation reaction
(d) Sub-alteration reaction

Q71. Which among the following socio religions community

was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy?
(a) Brahmo Samaj
(b) Prarthana Samaj
(c) Arya Samaj
(d) Akali Dal

Q72. Who was the founder of Prarthana Samaj?

(a) Atmaram Pandurang
(b) Swami Vivekananda
(c) Tulsi Ram
(d) Ram Singh

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Q73. Which union territory has a high court of its own? Q81. In Table Tennis, the length of the upper surface of the
(a) Dadra and Nagar Haveli table is__________.
(b) Chandigarh (a) 264 cm
(c) Andaman and Nicobar Islands (b) 780 cm
(d) Delhi (c) 270 cm
(d) 274 cm
Q74. Out of the following, which one is a fundamental right in
the constitution of India? Q82. As the river enters the plain it gets twists and turns
(a) Right to Opportunities forming large bends known as_______.
(b) Right to Work (a) meanders
(c) Right to Vote (b) stack
(d) Right to Freedom (c) ox-bow
(d) levees
Q75. Rukmini Devi Arundale was a famous exponent of which
form of dance? Q83. ‘The Zoya Factor’ is a novel written by____________.
(a) Kuchipudi (a) Jerry Pinto
(b) Bharatnatyam (b) Suketu Mehta
(c) Mohiniattam (c) Anuja Chauhan
(d) Kathakali (d) Rajashree

Q76. Giorgia Meloni recently become the first Woman Prime Q84. Identify the Indian music personality. Under him, the
Minister of which country? shehnai came out of its ceremonial context and began to be
(a) Austria acknowledged as a classical musical instrument.
(b) Italy (a) Alla Rakha
(c) Spain (b) Ustad Bundu Khan
(d) Ukraine (c) Ustad Bismillah Khan
(d) Pandit Ram Narayan
Q77. Which Mughal Emperor has attempted to vandalize the
Kailash Temple at Ellora? Q85. Pommel Horse, Roman Rings, Vaulting Table are few
(a) Babur terms which are related to__________.
(b) Aurangzeb (a) Swimming
(c) Shah Jahan (b) Riding
(d) Humayun (c) Gymnastics
(d) Polo
Q78. Wood's dispatch sent by the Court of Directors of the
East India Company in 1854 was related to____________ Q86. “Arthashastra” was written by_______.
(a) Famine (a) Chanakya
(b) Textiles (b) Vishnu Sharma
(c) Military (c) Chandragupta
(d) Education (d) Kalidasa

Q79. Lucknow Pact was signed between___________. Q87. Hornbill festival is celebrated in which of the following
(a) the Indian National Congress and Sayyid Ahmed Khan states?
(b) the Muslim League and Mahatma Gandhi (a) Ladakh
(c) the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League (b) Rajasthan
(d) the Indian National Congress and Arya Samaj (c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Nagaland
Q80. In June 2022, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has
released a report titled_______. Q88. Which are the most widespread forests in India?
(a) Digital Currency Vision 2030 (a) Tropical Deciduous Forests
(b) Digital Currency Vision 2025 (b) Mangrove Forests
(c) Payments Vision 2030 (c) Tropical Evergreen Forests
(d) Payments Vision 2025 (d) Montane forest

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Q89. The population of a nation in the working age group is Q95. The leaves have a green pigment called_________, which
generally grouped between __________________ . helps leaves to capture the energy from the sunlight.
(a) 15–59 years (a) Cytoplasm
(b) 16–60 years (b) Cladophyll
(c) 14–58 years (c) Xanthophyll
(d) 18–62 years (d) Chlorophyll

Q90. For a bank, the main liability is the___________. Q96. Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, raided which famous Indian
(a) assets temple?
(a) Jagannath Puri Temple, Odisha
(b) loans
(b) Yamunotri Temple, Uttarakhand
(c) economic rent
(c) Somnath Temple, Gujarat
(d) deposits
(d) Lingraj Temple, Odisha

Q91. Which of the following is NOT an example of Millets or

Q97. In India, National Voters’ Day is celebrated
coarse grains? on_________________.
(a) Jowar (a) 24 February
(b) Bajra (b) 25 January
(c) Ragi (c) 27 December
(d) Wheat (d) 26 March

Q92. In biology, the term “IVF” stands for_________. Q98. An image which can be obtained on a screen is called a
(a) In vitro fragmentation ________________.
(b) In vitro fertilization (a) spectral image
(c) Internal venom frosting (b) virtual image
(d) Internal vitro fragmentation (c) vector image
(d) real image
Q93. Nepal, a neighbouring country of India, is located to the
________ of India. Q99. Mrinalini Sarabhai who received ‘Padma Shri’ in the year
(a) West 1965 was a recognized _____________dancer.
(b) East (a) Bharatanatyam
(c) South (b) Odissi
(c) Kuchipudi
(d) North
(d) Manipuri
Q94. Which of the following articles of the Indian constitution
Q100. Bhoota Kola, a spirit worship ritual dance is of which
is related to the “Uniform civil code for the Citizen?
state?
(a) Article 41
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Article 42 (b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Article 43 (c) Kerala
(d) Article 44 (d) Karnataka

Solutions
S1. Ans.(a)
Sol. The Correct answer is (a) India.
• The 1982 Asian Games were hosted by India in New Delhi.
It was the 9th edition of the Asian Games and was held
from November 19 to December 4, 1982. A total of 3,411
athletes from 33 National Olympic Committees (NOCs)
participated in these games, competing in 196 events in
21 sports and 23 disciplines. China won the most medals
with 153 gold, 94 silver, and 84 bronze, followed by Japan
with 90 gold, 71 silver, and 68 bronze. India finished 5th
with 13 gold, 19 silver, and 25 bronze medals.
• During the 1982 Asian Games, athletes from various
Asian countries participated in multiple sports
competitions, showcasing their skills and sportsmanship.
The Asian Games is a multi-sport event held every four
years, where athletes from Asian countries compete in a
wide range of sports, similar to the Olympic Games but
exclusive to Asian nations.

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S2. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b) The agricultural festival celebrated by
the Galo tribe in Arunachal Pradesh is called "Mopin."
• Mopin is one of the most important festivals of the Galo
tribe in Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is primarily an
agricultural festival celebrated to mark the end of the
sowing season and seek blessings from deities for a good
harvest. The festival is usually observed in the month of
April every year.
• During Mopin, the Galo people engage in various
traditional rituals, cultural activities, and perform vibrant
dances to express their gratitude to the gods and
ancestors for a bountiful harvest and seek their blessings
for prosperity and well-being in the coming year.
Some key features of the Mopin festival include:
1. The festival begins with the sacrifice of a Mithun (a type
of cattle) as an offering to the gods, and prayers are
conducted to seek blessings for the community's welfare
and agricultural prosperity.
2. Colorful and energetic folk dances are an essential part of
the Mopin celebrations. People dress in traditional attire
and perform various dance forms to the beats of
traditional musical instruments.
3. The festival is also marked by feasting and sharing meals
with family, friends, and the community. Traditional Galo
dishes are prepared and enjoyed together.
S3. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c) Mohali.
Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre was
inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 24,
2022 in Mohali, Punjab. The hospital is a tertiary care cancer
hospital with a 300-bed capacity. It is equipped with modern
facilities to treat all types of cancers using every available
treatment modality like Surgery, Radiotherapy and Medical
Oncology - Chemotherapy, immunotherapy and Bone marrow
transplant.
S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer must be a game that Magnus Carlsen is
associated with. Magnus Carlsen is a chess grandmaster and
the current world chess champion. So the answer is (a).
Here are some additional details about Magnus Carlsen:
• He is the highest-rated chess player in history, with a peak
rating of 2882.
• He has won the World Chess Championship four times, in
2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018.
• He is also a three-time winner of the Candidates
Tournament, which is the tournament that determines
the challenger for the World Chess Championship.
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S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) lower-middle income country.
The World Bank classifies countries into four income groups
based on their gross national income (GNI) per capita. India's
GNI per capita in 2022 was $1,947, which puts it in the lower-
middle income category.
Here is a table of the World Bank's income classifications for
2022:
Income group GNI per capita (USD)
Low-income $1,135 or less
Lower-middle income $1,136 to $4,465
Upper-middle income $4,466 to $13,845
High-income $13,846 or more
S6. Ans.(a)
Sol. The correct answer is (a).
• The Preamble of the Indian Constitution states that the
Constitution is to secure to all its citizens justice, liberty,
equality and fraternity. Of these, fraternity is the only one
that specifically mentions the dignity of the individual.
• Justice is about ensuring that everyone is treated fairly
and equally under the law. Liberty is about giving people
the freedom to do as they please, as long as they do not
harm others. Equality is about ensuring that everyone has
the same opportunities in life, regardless of their
background.
• Fraternity, on the other hand, is about creating a sense of
unity and belonging among all Indians. It is about
ensuring that everyone is treated with respect and
dignity, regardless of their caste, religion, or social status.
• The phrase "dignity of the individual" means that each
person is valuable and deserves to be treated with
respect. Fraternity is the only one of the four ideals
mentioned in the Preamble that specifically mentions the
dignity of the individual. Therefore, the answer is (a).
Here are some additional details about the concept of
dignity of the individual in the Indian Constitution:
• The Constitution recognizes that each person is an
individual with their own unique personality and worth.
• The Constitution guarantees that all individuals will be
treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their race,
religion, caste, gender, or any other characteristic.
• The Constitution prohibits discrimination against any
individual on the basis of any of these characteristics.
• The Constitution also guarantees certain fundamental
rights to all individuals, including the right to life, liberty,
and equality.
S7. Ans.(b) S9. Ans.(b)
Sol. The correct answer is (b) eukaryotic cells. Sol. The answer is (b). There are currently 18 biosphere
Eukaryotic cells are cells that have a well-organized nucleus reserves in India.
with a nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane separates Here is a table of the biosphere reserves in India, along with
the genetic material from the rest of the cell. This allows the their location:
genetic material to be protected and organized. Eukaryotic Biosphere Reserve Location
cells also have other membrane-bound organelles, such as the Madhya Pradesh and
Achanakmar-Amarkantak
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Chhattisgarh
Here's a more detailed explanation of the options: Andaman and Nicobar
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Islands
• Prokaryotic cells: Prokaryotic cells are cells that lack a
true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Cold Desert Himachal Pradesh
Instead, their genetic material (DNA) is located in the Dibru-Saikhowa Assam
nucleoid region, which is not enclosed by a nuclear Great Nicobar Andaman and Nicobar Islands
membrane. Prokaryotic cells are found in organisms such Gulf of Mannar Tamil Nadu
as bacteria and archaea.
Khangchendzonga Sikkim
• Cheek cells: Cheek cells refer to the cells that line the
inside of your cheek. These cells are eukaryotic cells Nanda Devi Uttarakhand
because they have a well-organized nucleus with a Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and
Nilgiri
nuclear membrane. Karnataka
Nokrek Meghalaya
S8. Ans.(c) Pachmarhi Madhya Pradesh
Sol. The Temple at Khajuraho were built during the Chandella Similipal Odisha
dynasty. So the answer is (c).
Sundarbans West Bengal
The Chandella dynasty was a medieval Indian dynasty that
ruled over the central part of India from the 9th to the 13th Seshachalam Andhra Pradesh
centuries. The dynasty was known for its patronage of art, Panna Madhya Pradesh
culture, and architecture, and the temples at Khajuraho are Manas Assam
some of the most significant examples of their architectural
brilliance. S10. Ans.(b)
The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is a UNESCO World Sol. The correct answer is (b) Decline of textiles production in
Heritage site located in the town of Khajuraho, in the state of India
Madhya Pradesh, India. These temples were built between the • The development of cotton industries in Britain in the
10th and 12th centuries, during the peak of the Chandella 18th century led to the decline of textiles production in
dynasty's power and influence. India. This was because British textiles were produced
The Temples at Khajuraho: more cheaply and efficiently using machines, while Indian
textiles were produced by hand. As a result, British
1. Location: The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is situated
textiles were able to undercut Indian textiles in the global
in the town of Khajuraho, located in the Chhatarpur
market, and Indian textile producers were forced to close
district of Madhya Pradesh, India. their businesses.
2. Dynasty: The temples were built during the Chandella • In addition, the British government imposed high tariffs
dynasty, which ruled over the central part of India during on imported Indian textiles, making it even more difficult
the medieval period. for Indian textiles to compete in the British market. This
3. Period: Construction of the temples took place between further contributed to the decline of the Indian textile
the 10th and 12th centuries when the Chandella industry.
dynasty was at its peak. Here are some additional details about the impact of the
4. Patronage: The Chandella rulers were great patrons of development of cotton industries in Britain on the Indian
art, culture, and architecture, leading to the construction textile industry:
of these remarkable temples. • The British government also encouraged the export of
British textiles to India, and discouraged the import of
5. Architectural Style: The Khajuraho temples represent a
Indian textiles into Britain. This further harmed the
blend of Hindu and Jain architectural styles, reflecting Indian textile industry.
the religious diversity and tolerance of that era. • The decline of the Indian textile industry led to
6. UNESCO World Heritage Site: Recognizing their widespread unemployment in India, and contributed to
historical and cultural significance, the Khajuraho Group the economic and social problems of the country.
of Monuments was designated as a UNESCO World • The decline of the Indian textile industry also led to a
Heritage Site in 1986. decline in India's share of the global textile market.

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S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. The correct answer is (b). Eskimos are associated with
the Polar Region
They are indigenous peoples of the Arctic and subarctic
regions of Greenland, Alaska, Canada, and Russia. The Polar
Region is characterized by its cold climate, long winters, and
short summers. Eskimos have adapted to this environment by
developing a unique culture and way of life. They are skilled
hunters and fishers, and they use their knowledge of the land
and sea to survive in this harsh environment.
Here is a table summarizing the different geographical
regions and their associated peoples:
Geographical
Associated Peoples
Region
Tropical Indigenous peoples of the Amazon
Rainforest rainforest, such as the Yanomami and the
Region Kayapó
Savanna Indigenous peoples of the African
Grassland savanna, such as the Maasai and the San
Indigenous peoples of the Sahara desert,
Arid Region
such as the Tuareg and the Bedouin
Polar Region Eskimos, Inuit, and Yupik
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c) China.
Xinjiang is an autonomous region in north-western China. It is
the largest province-level division of China by area and is
bordered by Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. The collapse of
the gold mine in Xinjiang was a major news story in 2021, and
it is estimated that over 100 people were killed.
Information about the different athletes:
Athlete Sport Autobiography
Milkha Singh Track and field The Race of My Life
Yuvraj Singh Cricket The Test of My Life
Sania Mirza Tennis Ace
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b) cognizable offences.
• Cognizable offences are those in which the police can
arrest the accused without a warrant.
• The definition of cognizable offences is given in Section
2(c) of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC). It states
that a cognizable offence is an offence for which a police
officer may, in accordance with the First Schedule or
under any other law for the time being in force, arrest
without warrant.
• Non-cognizable offences are those in which the police
cannot arrest the accused without a warrant.
• Detention offences are those in which the police can
detain a person for a short period of time without a
warrant.Cross offences are those in which the accused
and the victim are both guilty of the same offence.
• The First Schedule of the CrPC lists the offences that are
cognizable. Some of the common examples of cognizable
offences are murder, theft, rape, kidnapping, and assault.
• When a cognizable offence is committed, the police can
arrest the accused without a warrant. However, the police
must still file a First Information Report (FIR) with the
nearest magistrate within 24 hours of the arrest.
• The magistrate will then decide whether to take further
action against the accused. If the magistrate decides to
take further action, the accused will be produced in court
and the trial will begin.

S13. Ans.(b) S15. Ans.(d)

Sol. The correct option for the autobiography "The Race of My Sol. The answer is (d) Chauth.
Life" is (b) Milkha Singh • During the Maratha rule in the Deccan, the Maratha rulers
"The Race of My Life" is the autobiography of the famous collected a specific tax known as "Chauth" from the
territories they controlled. The term "Chauth" literally
Indian athlete Milkha Singh. Milkha Singh, also known as "The
means one-fourth or 25%. It was a significant revenue
Flying Sikh," was a renowned track and field athlete and one
system employed by the Marathas to finance their
of India's most celebrated sports personalities. military and administrative expenses.
Here are some additional details about his achievements: • The Chauth tax was levied on neighboring territories that
Achievement Year were not directly under Maratha control. The rulers of
Gold medal in 400m at the Asian Games 1958 these territories, which included various provinces and
princely states, were required to pay one-fourth of their
Gold medal in 440 yards at the Commonwealth
1958 land revenue to the Marathas as a form of tribute. In
Games return, the Marathas would offer protection to these
Bronze medal in 400m at the Rome Olympics 1960 territories and refrain from launching military campaigns
Padma Shri 1961 against them.
• The Chauth tax played a crucial role in expanding Maratha
Padma Bhushan 1982
influence and power in the Deccan region during the 17th
Padma Vibhushan 2001 and 18th centuries. It allowed the Marathas to extract
Khel Ratna Award 2001 resources from the neighboring regions and consolidate
their position as a dominant force in the area.
Lifetime Achievement Award by IAAF 2008

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S16. Ans.(a) S19. Ans.(b)
Sol. The normal temperature of the human body is (a) 37°C. Sol. The answer is (b). Magnetic Rocks.
• The human body's temperature is generally measured in The three major types of rocks are sedimentary rocks, igneous
degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). The normal body rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Magnetic rocks are not a type
temperature can vary slightly from person to person and of rock
can fluctuate throughout the day. However, the average The three major types of rocks are:
normal body temperature is considered to be around • Sedimentary Rocks: These rocks are formed by the
37°C (98.6°F). accumulation and cementation of sediments over time.
• Several factors can affect body temperature, such as the Sediments can be derived from the weathering and
time of day, physical activity, environmental conditions, erosion of other rocks, organic materials, or chemical
and age. It's essential to note that a temperature slightly precipitates. Examples of sedimentary rocks include
above or below 37°C can still be considered within the sandstone, limestone, and shale.
normal range for most individuals. • Igneous Rocks: These rocks are formed from the
solidification and cooling of molten lava or magma. They
S17. Ans.(a) can be classified into two main types: intrusive igneous
Sol. The Karagam Folk Dance is associated with the state of rocks (formed beneath the Earth's surface) and extrusive
Tamil Nadu. So the answer is (a). igneous rocks (formed on the Earth's surface). Examples
• Karagam is a traditional folk dance form that originated of igneous rocks include granite and basalt.
in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a popular • Metamorphic Rocks: These rocks are formed from the
dance performed during various festivals and occasions transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure,
in the region. The dance is typically performed with and chemically reactive fluids, without melting.
Metamorphism occurs deep within the Earth's crust.
skillfully balanced pots (called "Karagam" in Tamil),
Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble (from
which are decorated with beautiful designs and filled
limestone) and slate (from shale).
with water and sometimes with rice, flowers, or other
offerings.
S20. Ans.(a)
• The dance involves intricate movements, rhythmic steps,
Sol. The answer is (a) Indraprastha
and balancing of the pots on the heads of the performers.
The four provincial centres of the Mauryan Empire, as
It requires a great deal of skill, coordination, and practice
mentioned in the Ashokan Inscriptions, are:
to perform the dance gracefully without dropping the
• Taxila (in the north)
pots.
• Ujjayini (in the west)
• The Karagam dance is often performed during
• Suvarnagiri (in the south)
celebrations of festivals like Pongal, Navratri, and other
• Tosali (in the east)
local occasions. It is an essential part of Tamil culture and
Indraprastha is an ancient city located in present-day Delhi,
adds color and vibrancy to the festivities.
India. It is famous for being the capital of the Pandavas, the
heroes of the Indian epic, Mahabharata. However, there is no
S18. Ans.(a)
evidence to suggest that it was a provincial center during the
Sol. The Gair dance is performed by the Bhil community of
Mauryan Empire, and it is not mentioned in the Ashokan
Rajasthan. So the answer is (a). Inscriptions as such.
• Gair dance is a traditional folk dance performed by the
Bhil community of Rajasthan, India. The Bhils are one of
the largest indigenous communities in India and are
primarily found in the western states of Rajasthan,
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. They have a
rich cultural heritage, and Gair dance is one of the
important art forms that showcases their vibrant
traditions.
• The Gair dance is typically performed during various
festive occasions, especially during the festivals of Holi
and Gangaur. It is a lively and energetic dance that
involves rhythmic movements and coordinated steps
performed by both men and women of the Bhil
community.

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S21. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) The type of farming in which the land is
used for growing food and fodder crops and rearing livestock
is known as Mixed farming.
Mixed farming involves the cultivation of crops and rearing of
animals on the same farm. The crops grown can be food crops
like wheat, rice, maize, vegetables, etc., and fodder crops like
alfalfa, clover, or other grasses that are used to feed livestock.
The livestock raised may include cattle, sheep, goats, poultry,
or other animals. The benefits of mixed farming include the
utilization of crop residues as animal feed, the use of animal
manure as organic fertilizer for crops, and a more balanced
agricultural system.
Here's a detailed explanation of each option:
• Dairy farming: Dairy farming is a type of farming where
the primary focus is on raising cattle for milk production.
The main objective of dairy farming is to produce and sell
milk and other dairy products like cheese, butter, and
yogurt. While some dairy farms may also grow crops to
feed the cattle, the main goal here is milk production
rather than a balanced integration of crops and livestock.
• Plantation farming: Plantation farming is an agricultural
system in which large-scale single-crop farms are
established, typically in tropical or subtropical regions.
The focus is on cash crops like tea, coffee, cocoa, rubber,
palm oil, sugarcane, etc. This type of farming is
characterized by monoculture, where a single crop is
grown on a vast expanse of land. Plantation farming is
different from mixed farming, as it does not involve
rearing livestock and often concentrates on cash crops for
export or industrial use.
• Commercial farming: Commercial farming refers to the
large-scale production of crops and/or livestock for sale
in the market. It can encompass various types of farming,
including mixed farming, specialized crop farming, or
livestock farming. The term "commercial" emphasizes the
intent to generate profits from agricultural activities.
S22. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b) The first session of the Indian National
Congress was held in Bombay (now Mumbai).
Solution in detail:
• The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded on
December 28, 1885. The first session of the Indian
National Congress took place from December 28 to
December 31, 1885, at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College
in Bombay (now Mumbai). It was presided over by Allan
Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, who played
a crucial role in the formation of the Congress.
• The main objective behind the formation of the Indian
National Congress was to bring together Indians from
different regions and communities to discuss their
grievances, present their demands, and work towards
obtaining greater rights and representation from the
British government.
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• During this first session, 72 delegates from various parts
of India attended, representing different regions and
backgrounds. Notable leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji,
Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee,
Monomohun Ghose, and William Wedderburn were
among the prominent attendees.
S23. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b) Sitar
Ilyas Khan was a sitar player. He was born in Lucknow, India,
to a family of musicians. He was a disciple of Abdul Ghani
Khan, a dhrupad singer from Kalpi. Later, he trained under
Yusuf Ali Khan, the sitarist and sitar maker. Khan was known
for his fast and melodious playing style. He was also a
composer and wrote several ragas.
S24. Ans.(a)
Sol. The correct answer is (a), I, II, III and IV.
• Fungi can grow on bread, pickles, leather and clothes.
This is because fungi are decomposers, which means they
break down dead or decaying matter. Bread, pickles,
leather and clothes are all made of organic matter, which
means they are potential food sources for fungi.
• In addition, fungi are able to grow in warm, humid
environments. Bread, pickles, leather and clothes are all
likely to be in warm, humid environments, which
provides the perfect conditions for fungi to grow.
So the answer is (a), I, II, III and IV.
Here is a more detailed explanation of why fungi can grow on
each of the items listed:
• Bread: Bread is made of wheat flour, water, yeast, and
salt. The yeast in bread is a type of fungus that helps to
leaven the bread, making it light and fluffy. After bread is
baked, the yeast cells die, but the fungal spores remain.
These spores can germinate if the bread is exposed to
moisture and warmth, and the fungus can then start to
grow.
• Pickles: Pickles are made of cucumbers that have been
fermented in a solution of vinegar, water, salt, and spices.
The fermentation process creates an environment that is
favorable for the growth of fungi. The fungi that grow on
pickles are usually harmless, but they can make the
pickles taste bad.
• Leather: Leather is made from the skin of animals. The
skin contains proteins and fats that are food for fungi. If
leather is not properly cared for, it can start to deteriorate
and become moldy.
• Clothes: Clothes are made of natural fibers, such as
cotton, wool, or silk. These fibers are also food for fungi.
If clothes are not properly cared for, they can start to
develop mold or mildew.
S25. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) 15 paisa.
According to the Budget 2023-24, corporation tax is expected
to contribute 15 paisa for every 1 Re receipt of the
government. This is the same as the contribution from income
tax. The other major contributors are Union excise duty (7
paisa) and customs (4 paisa).
Here is a table showing the estimated contribution of different
taxes to the government's receipts in 2023-24:
Tax Contribution (in paisa)
Corporation tax 15
Income tax 15
Union excise duty 7 Guru Vempati Chinna Satyam was an Indian dancer and a guru
Customs 4
Other taxes 39
S26. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c). Iltutmish.
Iltutmish was the second Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate. He
ruled from 1211 to 1236 CE. He was the first Sultan to
introduce the silver tanka and the copper Jital, which became
the two basic coins of the Sultanate period.
The tanka was a silver coin that weighed 175 grains. It was
stamped with the name of the Sultan and the date of issue. The
Jital was a copper coin that weighed 37.5 grains. It was also
stamped with the name of the Sultan and the date of issue.
The introduction of the tanka and the Jital helped to
standardize the currency in the Delhi Sultanate. This made it
easier for people to trade and do business. It also helped to
strengthen the economy of the Sultanate.
S27. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c). Chittaranjan Das.
Chittaranjan Das was the first president of the Swaraj Party,
which was formed in 1922. He was a Bengali lawyer and
politician who was a leading figure in the Indian
independence movement. Das was a strong advocate of using
constitutional means to achieve independence, and he
believed that the Swaraj Party could use the legislative
councils to achieve its goals.
Das died in 1925, but the Swaraj Party continued to play an
important role in the Indian independence movement. The
party was eventually merged with the Indian National
Congress in 1937, but it played a significant role in the early
years of the independence movement.
Motilal Nehru was the second president of the Swaraj Party
S28. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a). Santoor.
Pandit Shivkumar Sharma was a santoor maestro who is
credited with adapting the santoor for Indian classical music.
He was born in Jammu, India, in 1938, and he began learning
the santoor at the age of five. He went on to become one of the
most renowned santoor players in the world, and he was
awarded the Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan, and Padma
Vibhushan, India's fourth, third, and second-highest civilian
awards, respectively.
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S29. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a). Mercury.
Jovian planets are also known as gas giants. They are the
largest planets in the solar system, and they are made up
mostly of hydrogen and helium. The Jovian planets are Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Mercury is a terrestrial planet, which means that it is made up
of rock and metal. It is the smallest planet in the solar system,
and it is the closest planet to the Sun.
S30. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c). Guru Vempati Chinna Satyam.
of the Kuchipudi dance form. He was born in a brahmin family
at Kuchipudi, Andhra Pradesh. He was taught by Vedantam
Lakshmi Narayana Sastry
He was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest
civilian award in India, in 1998 for his contribution to the field
of Kuchipudi dance. He was also awarded the Sangeet Natak
Akademi Award, the highest award in the field of performing
arts in India, in 1981.
S31. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c). Indian Railways has set a target of
becoming Net Zero Carbon Emitter by 2030.
S32. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
The Jain temple at Pattadakal was built by the Rashtrakutas.
It was built in the 9th century AD, during the reign of King
Krishna II. The temple is dedicated to the Jain tirthankara
Parshvanatha. It is one of the most important Jain temples in
India.
S33. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d).
The prehistoric period in the early development of human
beings is commonly known as the Old Stone Age. It is the
longest period of human history, lasting from about 2.5
million years ago to about 10,000 years ago. During this time,
humans were hunter-gatherers who used simple stone tools.
The Mesolithic age, or Middle Stone Age, was a transitional
period between the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age. It
lasted from about 10,000 years ago to about 5,000 years ago.
During this time, humans began to domesticate animals and
plants, and they started to make more advanced stone tools.
The New Stone Age, or Neolithic age, was a period of
agricultural revolution. It lasted from about 5,000 years ago
to about 3,000 years ago. During this time, humans began to
develop agriculture, and they started to live in permanent
settlements.
The Iron age was a period of technological advancement. It
lasted from about 3,000 years ago to about 1,000 years ago.
During this time, humans began to use iron tools and
weapons, and they started to build cities.
S34. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d)
Liz Truss resigned as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
on October 20, 2022, after serving for 44 days. She was the
shortest-serving Prime Minister in British history.
• Theresa May served as Prime Minister from 2016 to
2019.
• Boris Johnson served as Prime Minister from 2019 to
2022.
• Rishi Sunak is the current UK Prime Minister.
S35. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
The 2011 census is the most recent census in India, and it
found that the literacy rate of New Delhi District was 88.01
percent. This means that 88.01% of the people in New Delhi
District can read and write.
54.12% literacy rate of Bihar, which is the lowest literacy rate
in India.
98.42% the literacy rate of Kerala, which is the highest
literacy rate in India.
64.09% literacy rate of Uttar Pradesh, which is the most
populous state in India.
S36. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
Kerala has the highest sex ratio in India according to the
Census 2011. The sex ratio in Kerala is 1084 females per 1000
males. This means that there are 84 more females than males
in Kerala.
• Andhra Pradesh has a sex ratio of 992 females per 1000
males.
• Tamil Nadu, has a sex ratio of 995 females per 1000
males.
• Maharashtra has a sex ratio of 925 females per 1000
males.
S37. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d).
The Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill 2022 merges
three municipal corporations of Delhi — South, North, and
East — ten years after the trifurcation of the civic body. The
bill was introduced in Lok Sabha on March 25, 2022. It will
create a single, unified municipal corporation for Delhi.
S38. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
India accounts for 2.4 percent of the total geographical area
of the world. This means that India is the seventh-largest
country in the world in terms of area.
The total area of India is 3,287,263 square kilometers.
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S39. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
Galvanization is a process in which a protective zinc coating
is applied on iron to prevent it from rusting.
The zinc coating forms a barrier between the iron and the
environment, preventing the iron from coming into contact
with oxygen and water, which are the two main causes of rust.
The zinc coating also acts as a sacrificial anode, meaning that
it corrodes before the iron, protecting the iron from further
corrosion.
S40. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c).
Nongkrem is the famous harvest festival of Meghalaya, India.
It is also known as the "Dance of the Sacred Spears". The
festival is celebrated by the Khasi people of Meghalaya, and it
is a time for thanksgiving for a good harvest.
The Nongkrem festival is held in the month of November, and
it lasts for three days. The first day of the festival is called the
Ka Shad Suk Mynsiem, which is a day of rest. The second day
is called the Ka Shad Suk Nongkrem, which is a day of feasting
and dancing. The third day is called the Ka Shad Suk Knia,
which is a day of thanksgiving.
• Sunburn festival, is a music festival held in Goa, India.
• Chapcharkut festival, is a spring festival celebrated in
Mizoram, India.
• Hornbill festival, is a festival celebrated by the Naga
people of Nagaland, India.
S41. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b), Calcutta - 1917.
The first session of the Indian National Congress to be
presided over by a lady was the 40th session, held in Calcutta
in 1917. The session was presided over by Sarojini Naidu, who
was a poet, a freedom fighter, and a social reformer.
Sarojini Naidu was born in Hyderabad, India, in 1879. She was
educated in England and India, and she was a member of the
Indian National Congress from a young age. She was a strong
advocate for women's rights, and she was also a vocal critic of
British rule in India.
S42. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c), Glycerol.
• Glycerol is a hygroscopic substance, which means that it
attracts water molecules. This property makes it useful in
moisturizing creams and soaps, as it helps to keep the
skin hydrated.
• Freon is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) that is used as a
refrigerant and propellant. It is not hygroscopic and is not
used in moisturizing creams or soaps.
• Ethanol is an alcohol that is used as a solvent and fuel. It
is not hygroscopic and is not used in moisturizing creams
or soaps.
• Galena is a mineral that is composed of lead sulfide. It is
not hygroscopic and is not used in moisturizing creams or
soaps.
S43. Ans.(b)
Sol. The Walker Cup is associated with (b), Golf.
The Walker Cup is a biennial men's amateur golf competition
between teams from the United States and Great Britain and
Ireland. It is named after George Herbert Walker, who was the
president of the United States Golf Association (USGA) from
1920 to 1924. The first Walker Cup was played in 1922, and it
has been played every two years since then.
The Walker Cup is played over three days, with two foursome
matches and eight singles matches on each day. The team with
the most points at the end of the three days wins the cup. The
United States has won the Walker Cup 48 times, while Great
Britain and Ireland has won 29 times.
S44. Ans.(d)
Sol. The leading producer of cotton in India, as of November
2022, is (d), Gujarat.
Gujarat produced 120.69 lakh bales of cotton in 2022, which
is about 36% of the total cotton production in India.
Cotton is a major cash crop in India, and it is grown in about
14.6 million hectares of land in the country. The main cotton-
growing states in India are Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana,
Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Karnataka, and Tamil
Nadu.
S45. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d), Vitamin A.
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for good
vision, skin health, and immune function. It is found in many
foods, including carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and
cantaloupe.
Vitamin A helps to keep our skin and eyes healthy by:
• Maintaining the health of the cornea, which is the clear
front part of the eye.
• Producing rhodopsin, a protein that helps us see in low
light.
• Promoting the growth and repair of skin cells.
A deficiency in vitamin A can lead to night blindness, dry eyes,
and skin problems.
Vitamin C is important for immune function and wound
healing.
Vitamin B is a group of vitamins that are important for energy
production and nerve function.
Vitamin D is important for bone health and immune function.
S46. Ans.(c)
Sol. The correct answer is (c), Abolition of Untouchability.
Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability
and prohibits its practice in any form. It was adopted on
November 26, 1949, as part of the Fundamental Rights of the
Constitution.
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S47. Ans.(b)
Sol. The correct answer is (b), Wings of Fire.
Wings of Fire is the autobiography of Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen
Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India. It was published in
1999. The book chronicles Kalam's life from his childhood in
Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, to his career as a scientist and his
presidency.
• The Race of My Life is the autobiography of Milkha Singh,
an Indian athlete.
• One Life is Not Enough is the autobiography of Pranab
Mukherjee, the 13th President of India.
• Waiting for a Visa is a book by Vikram Seth.
S48. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b).
Avani Lekhara has been awarded the Major Dhyan Chand Khel
Ratna Award 2021 for “Para Shooting”. She is the first Indian
woman to win two gold medals at the Paralympics, and she
also won a bronze medal at the same event.
S49. Ans.(d)
Sol. The correct answer is (d), Tamil Nadu.
Bharatanatyam is a classical Indian dance form that
originated in Tamil Nadu. It is one of the oldest and most
popular classical dance forms in India.
The word "Bharatanatyam" comes from the Sanskrit words
"Bharata" (which means "India") and "Natyam" (which means
"dance"). The dance form is based on the Natya Shastra, an
ancient Indian treatise on dance and drama.
S50. Ans.(b)
Sol. The correct answer is (b), Fiscal.
The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003
(FRBM Act) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted in
2003. The Act was enacted to establish a framework for fiscal
discipline in India.
The Act sets out a number of fiscal targets, including the
following:
• The government's fiscal deficit should not exceed 3% of
GDP.
• The government's debt-to-GDP ratio should not exceed
60%.
• The government should build up a revenue surplus of 2%
of GDP.
S51. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b).
Aparna Satheesan received 2021 Abhinandan Saroja National
Award by National Institute of Indian Classical Dance. Aparna
Satheesan, is an internationally praised skillful dancer who
instructed in various classical Indian dance forms like
Bharatanatyam, Kuchipudi, Mohiniyattom, Kathakali, Ottam
Thullal etc.
S52. Ans.(a)
Sol. River Godavari is also known as Dakshin Ganga. So the
answer is (a).
• It is also known as Vridh Ganga. It is the largest Peninsular
river system. It rises in the Nasik district of Maharashtra
and discharges its water into the Bay of Bengal.
• Its tributaries run through the states of Maharashtra,
Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Andhra
Pradesh.
• Pravara, Purna, Manjra, Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga,
Pranhita (combined flow of Wainganga, Penganga,
Wardha), Indravati, Maner and the Sabri are tributaries of
Godavari.
S53. Ans.(d)
Sol. Gorakhpur of Uttar Pradesh serves as the headquarters of
North-Eastern Railway Zone. So the answer is (d).
Indian Railways is geographically organized into different
zones. At present, there are 18 Zonal Railways (including
Metro Railway, Kolkata).
S54. Ans.(c)
Sol. The Uttar Pradesh government announced ‘Panchamrut
Yojana’. So the answer is (c).
It will aid in doubling farmers’ income through the
implementation of cost-effective technical measures and the
promotion of co-cropping.
The Panchamrut scheme seeks to reduce the production cost
of sugarcane, as well as increase productivity and the fertility
of the land, through five techniques, including an integrated
trench method for sowing of sugarcane, ratoon management
and trash mulching, drip irrigation and co-cropping.
S55. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d).
Endogenic forces or endogenetic forces are the pressure that
originates inside the earth, therefore also called as internal
forces. These internal forces lead to vertical and horizontal
movements and result in subsidence, land upliftment,
volcanism, faulting, folding, earthquakes, etc.
Endogenic forces a can be classified as slow movements
(diastrophic) and sudden movements. Slow movements cause
changes very gradually which might not be visible during a
human lifetime.
S56. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c).
Shafaat Ahmed Khan was famous for his mastery over clear
'bols' and melodious tone of the tabla, accompaniment
(sangat) and systematic improvisation. During his active
years he was one of the leading tabla maestros of India.
Shafaat Ahmed Khan was a recipient of "Padma Shree" award
in 2003.
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S57. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d).
• The vascular system is comprised of two main types of
tissue: the xylem and the phloem. The xylem distributes
water and dissolved minerals upward through the plant,
from the roots to the leaves. The phloem carries food
downward from the leaves to the roots.
• Xylem cells constitute the major part of a mature woody
stem or root. They are stacked end to end in the center of
the plant, forming a vertical column that conducts water
and minerals absorbed by the roots upward.
• Phloem cells form a similar chain on the outer edges of
the xylem, transporting food synthesized by the leaves
downward through the stem.
S58. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c).
Field hockey (Hockey) is a team sport structured in standard
hockey format, in which each team plays with 11 players in
total, made up of ten outfield players and a goalkeeper.
S59. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d) Robert Hooke.
Robert Hooke was an English physicist, mathematician,
astronomer, architect, and inventor. He is best known for his
work on optics and microscopy. In 1665, he used a
microscope to observe thin slices of cork and described the
small, box-like structures he saw as "cells". This was the first
time that cells had been observed in any organism.
So, the correct answer is Robert Hooke, who first observed
cells in cork in 1665.
S60. Ans.(a)
Sol. The correct answer is (a) stabilisation function.
• The stabilisation function of the government is to smooth
out economic fluctuations and maintain economic
stability. This can be done by expanding demand during a
recession to boost economic activity, or by reducing
demand during an inflation to cool down the economy.
• The transition function is the government's role in
helping the economy adjust to structural changes, such as
the introduction of new technologies or the opening up of
new markets.
• The redistribution function is the government's role in
redistributing income and wealth to achieve greater
equity.
• The expenditure function is the government's role in
determining the level and composition of public
spending.
Here are some additional details about the stabilisation
function:
• The government can use a variety of tools to stabilize the
economy, such as fiscal policy (taxes and spending),
monetary policy (interest rates), and exchange rate
policy.
• Fiscal policy is the use of government spending and
taxation to influence the economy. For example, the
government can increase spending during a recession to
boost economic activity, or it can cut spending during an
inflation to cool down the economy.
• Monetary policy is the use of interest rates to influence
the economy. The central bank can raise interest rates to
slow down the economy, or it can lower interest rates to
stimulate the economy.
• Exchange rate policy is the use of the exchange rate to
influence the economy. The government can devalue its
currency to make exports more competitive, or it can
revalue its currency to make imports cheaper.
S61. Ans.(d)
Sol. Banabhatta was the court poet of king Harshavardhana.
So the answer is (d).
• Banabhatta wrote Harshvardhan's biography
Harshacharita in Sanskrit.
• He describes his association with Thanesar in his
biography.
• He wrote one of the most famous and earliest novels,
known as Kadambari(biography of Harsha & Kadambari).
S62. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d).
• Unemployment caused by the recession of 2008-2010 is
an example of Cyclical type of unemployment.
• Cyclical unemployment can be caused by a recession,
which is a period of negative economic growth. Cyclical
unemployment can also be caused by downturns in a
business cycle in which demand for goods and services
decreases over time.
• While Structural unemployment can be the result of a lack
of skills for workers or technological advances that have
put workers out of a job.
• Makar Sankranti, also referred to as Uttarayana, Makar,
or simply Sankranti, is a Hindu observance and a festival.
Usually falling on the date of January 15 annually, this
occasion marks the transition of the sun from the zodiac
of Sagittarius to Capricorn.
• Onam is an annual Indian harvest festival celebrated
mainly in Kerala.
S64. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
• The Man Who Knew Infinity: A Life of the Genius
Ramanujan is a biography of the Indian mathematician
Srinivasa Ramanujan, written in 1991 by Robert Kanigel.
The book gives a detailed account of his upbringing in
India, his mathematical achievements and his
mathematical collaboration with mathematician G. H.
Hardy.
• Ramanujan born on 22 December 1887, was a great
Indian mathematician. Though he had almost no formal
training in pure mathematics, he made substantial
contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory,
infinite series, and continued fractions, including
solutions to mathematical problems then considered
unsolvable.
S65. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
• Ulema is a Muslim scholar in the Islamic world. Ulema
played an important role in the polity, society, and culture
during Medieval Indian History.
• The Ulema played an important role in the Muslim society
to learn the literature, law, and doctrines of Islam.
• They were the judges, jurists, priests, leaders, scholars,
teachers, readers of Quran and Hadith, recitals of
traditions, Sufis, functionaries of mosque and madrasa in
the medieval Indian society.
• Ulema helped to carry on the teaching of Islam, enforced
its morals, upheld its law, proclaimed its doctrines,
suppressed corruption and vice.

S63. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c).
• The entire state of Assam celebrates Bohag Bihu with lots
of excitement every year in April. It marks the start of the
Assamese calendar year. This harvest festival in India is
also known as Magh Bihu.
• Lohri is a popular winter Punjabi folk festival celebrated
primarily in Northern India.

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S66. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
• When the British rule ended in India in the year 1947 the
literacy rate was just 12%. Over the years, India has
changed socially, economically, and globally.
• According to the 2011 Census of India, the overall rate of
literacy is 73 per cent. While the rate of literacy for men
is 80.9 per cent, for women it is 65.46 per cent.
S67. Ans.(c)
Sol. The correct answer is (c).
• The Bahmani Monuments at Gulbarga, Karnataka
represent the Deccan style of architecture. This style is a
fusion of the Indo-Islamic architectural styles of the
Persian and Indian cultures. It is characterized by the use
of pointed arches, bulbous domes, and intricate
ornamentation. The Bahmani monuments are some of the
finest examples of the Deccan style of architecture.
• The Nagara style of architecture is found in the temples of
North India. It is characterized by the use of curvilinear
towers and spires. The Sikh style of architecture is found
in the gurdwaras of the Sikh religion. It is characterized
by the use of white marble and intricate latticework. The
Mameluke style of architecture is found in the mosques
and tombs of Egypt and Syria. It is characterized by the
use of pointed arches and ribbed domes.
• The Deccan style of architecture was developed by the
Bahmani Sultanate, which ruled over the Deccan region of
India from the 14th to the 16th centuries. The Bahmanis
were a Muslim dynasty, but they adopted many elements
of Indian architecture into their own style. The Deccan
style of architecture was later adopted by other dynasties
in the Deccan, such as the Adilshahi and Qutbshahi
dynasties.
• The Bahmani Monuments at Gulbarga are some of the
finest examples of the Deccan style of architecture. The
monuments include the Gulbarga Fort, the Great Mosque,
and the Haft Gumbaz (Seven Tombs). These monuments
are a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the Deccan
region.
S68. Ans.(c)
Sol. The correct answer is (c) Law and Justice
The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021 belongs to the
Ministry of Law and Justice in India. This ministry is
responsible for the administration of legal affairs, justice, and
law-related matters in the country. It formulates and
implements various laws, regulations, and amendments
pertaining to elections, legal procedures, and justice system in
India. The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, as the name
suggests, would involve changes or modifications to existing
election laws, and therefore, it falls under the jurisdiction of
the Ministry of Law and Justice.
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S69. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
Wimbledon, is the oldest Grand Slam tennis tournament. It
was started in 1877. It is usually held from late June to early
July.
There are four Grand Slam tournaments in Tennis viz.
Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and US Open.
S70. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) Neutralisation reaction.
A neutralisation reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs
when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. The
salt is the product of the negative ion of the acid and the
positive ion of the base. The water is formed from the reaction
of the hydrogen ion of the acid and the hydroxide ion of the
base.
For example, the reaction of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) forms sodium chloride (NaCl) and
water (H2O).
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2 O
The neutralization reaction is a type of double displacement
reaction, which means that the ions of the reactants swap
partners to form the products.
The neutralization reaction is a very important reaction in
chemistry. It is used in many applications, such as in the
production of soaps and detergents, in the treatment of acid
reflux, and in the neutralization of hazardous waste.
S71. Ans.(a)
Sol. The correct answer is (a) Brahmo Samaj.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828.
It was a monotheistic religious reform movement that
aimed to purify Hinduism and remove its many social
evils. The Brahmo Samaj believed in the worship of a
single God, and rejected the caste system, sati, and child
marriage.
• The Prarthana Samaj was founded in 1867 by Mahadev
Govind Ranade. It was a similar movement to the Brahmo
Samaj, but it was more focused on social reform than
religious reform.
• The Arya Samaj was founded in 1875 by Swami Dayanand
Saraswati. It was a Hindu revivalist movement that
rejected many of the beliefs and practices of modern
Hinduism.
• The Akali Dal is a Sikh political party that was founded in
1920. It is not a religious reform movement.
So the answer is (a) Brahmo Samaj.
S72. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a).
Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Panduranga, the
movement gained momentum and popularity after scholar
and reformer Mahadev Govind Ranade joined it.
The Samaj was different from the Brahmo Samaj of Bengal in
that it was not as radical and took a cautious approach to the
reformist programmes. For this reason, it was better received
by the public as well.
S73. Ans.(d) About Italy:
Sol. The answer is (d). • Italy is a member of the European Union and the
Delhi is the only union territory that has a high court of its Eurozone.
own. The Delhi High Court was established on October 31, • The official language of Italy is Italian.
1966. The other union territories, including Dadra and Nagar • The capital of Italy is Rome, which is also the most
Haveli, Chandigarh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, populous city in the country.
Lakshadweep, Puducherry, and Jammu and Kashmir, do not
• Other major cities in Italy include Milan, Naples, Turin,
have their own high courts. The jurisdiction of the high courts
and Florence.
of other states is extended to these union territories.
Here is a table showing the high courts that have
S77. Ans.(b)
jurisdiction over the union territories:
Sol. The answer is (a) The Mughal Emperor who attempted to
Union Territory High Court
vandalize the Kailash Temple at Ellora was Aurangzeb.
Andaman and
Calcutta High Court • The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb attempted to vandalize
Nicobar Islands
the Kailash Temple at Ellora. He sent 1000 people to
Chandigarh Punjab and Haryana High Court destroy the temple in 1682, but they were only able to
Dadra and Nagar break and disfigure a few statues. The temple is a UNESCO
Bombay High Court
Haveli World Heritage Site and is considered one of the most
Lakshadweep Kerala High Court important Hindu temples in India.
Puducherry Madras High Court • Aurangzeb was a devout Muslim and he believed that
High Court of Jammu and Kashmir Hindu temples were idolatrous. He ordered the
Jammu and Kashmir
and Ladakh destruction of many Hindu temples during his reign,
including the Kailash Temple. However, the temple was
S74. Ans.(d) too well-built and the Mughals were unable to completely
Sol. The answer is (d). destroy it.
• The right to freedom guarantees freedom for citizens of • The Kailash Temple is a massive structure that is carved
India. These are enshrined in Articles 19, 20, 21A and 22 out of a single rock. It is the largest monolithic temple in
of the Indian Constitution. the world and is a masterpiece of Hindu architecture. The
• Article 19: It deals with protecting the rights to freedom temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and it is a popular
for Assembly, Profession, Movement, Speech and pilgrimage site for Hindus.
expression, Association, and Residence;
• Article 20: It deals with the protection from a conviction S78. Ans.(d)
for the offences; Sol. The answer is (d) Education
• Article 21: Articles 21 and 21 (A) are responsible for the • Wood's dispatch sent by the Court of Directors of the East
right to life, personal liberty, and elementary education;
India Company in 1854 was related to education in India.
• Article 22: Deals with protection against arrest and It outlined the British government's policy on education
detention in some instances.
in India, and it had a profound impact on the development
of the Indian education system.
S75. Ans.(b)
• The dispatch recommended that a system of English-
Sol. The Correct answer is (b)
medium education be established in India, and that it
Rukmini Devi Arundale was an Indian theosophist, dancer
should be accessible to all Indians, regardless of their
and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of
caste or social status. It also recommended that the
Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal welfare. So the
answer is (b). government provide financial assistance to private
schools that were willing to adopt the English-medium
S76. Ans.(b) system.
Sol. The answer is (b) Italy • Wood's dispatch was a major turning point in the history
Giorgia Meloni became the first woman Prime Minister of Italy of education in India. It led to the establishment of a
on October 22, 2022. She is the leader of the Brothers of Italy number of new schools and colleges, and it helped to
party, which is a right-wing populist party. She was elected spread English literacy throughout the country. It also
Prime Minister after her party won the most seats in the 2022 played a significant role in the development of a modern
Italian general election. Indian intelligentsia.
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Here are some of the key recommendations of Wood's
dispatch:
• The establishment of a system of English-medium
education in India.
• The provision of financial assistance to private schools
that were willing to adopt the English-medium system.
• The establishment of a government education
department in each province.
• The establishment of universities on the model of the
London University in big cities such as Bombay, Calcutta,
and Madras.
• The opening of at least one government school in every
district.
• The provision of grants-in-aid to affiliated private
schools.
• The training of Indian natives in their mother tongue as
well as in English.
• The provision of a systematic method of education from
primary level to university level.
S79. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c) The Indian National Congress and the
Muslim League
• The Lucknow Pact was an agreement reached between
the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League
(AIML) at a joint session of both parties held in Lucknow
in December 1916. The pact was signed by Bal Gangadhar
Tilak, the President of the INC, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah,
the President of the AIML.
• The pact dealt with a number of issues, including the
future of India's political structure, the representation of
Muslims in the government, and the relationship between
the INC and the AIML. The pact was seen as a major
breakthrough in Hindu-Muslim relations, and it helped to
pave the way for the independence movement.
So the answer is (c), the Indian National Congress and the
Muslim League.
S80. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d) Payments Vision 2025
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released a report titled
Payments Vision 2025 in June 2022. The report outlines the
RBI's vision for the future of payments in India by 2025. It
discusses the challenges and opportunities facing the
payments ecosystem, and sets out a roadmap for how the RBI
plans to address these challenges.
The Payments Vision 2025 document is divided into five
anchor goalposts: Integrity, Inclusion, Innovation,
Institutionalisation and Internationalisation.
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The document sets out a number of specific goals for each
of these goalposts, including:
• Increasing the number of digital payment transactions by
3 times.
• Reducing the volume of cheque-based payments to less
than 0.25% of the total retail payments.
• Making digital payments more accessible to the
underserved and unbanked population.
• Promoting innovation in the payments ecosystem.
• Strengthening the institutional framework for payments.
• Increasing the international reach of Indian payment
systems.
S81. Ans.(d)
Sol. The length of the upper surface of a table tennis table is
2.74 meters or 9 feet. The width of the table is 1.525 meters
or 5 feet. The height of the table is 76 centimeters or 2.5 feet.
The playing surface of a table tennis table is a rectangle. It is
made of a dark-colored, matte surface that allows the ball to
bounce evenly. The surface must be able to bounce a standard
table tennis ball up to 23 centimeters when dropped from a
height of 30 centimeters.
The playing surface is divided into two equal courts by a
vertical net that is 15.25 centimeters high and 183
centimeters long. The net extends 15.25 centimeters beyond
the width of the table on each side.
S82. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is meanders.
Meanders are large bends in a river that are formed as the
river enters the plain. They are caused by the interaction of
water flowing through a curved channel with the underlying
river bed. The force of the water erodes the river bank on the
outside of the bend, while deposition occurs on the inside of
the bend. This process gradually causes the meander to
migrate downstream.
Other Option Detail:
• Stack: A stack is a geological landform typically found
along coastlines. It is a vertical column or pillar of rock
that stands isolated from the main cliff or shore. Stacks
are formed through erosion, where the sea erodes the
rock on a headland, and as the softer rock is worn away,
the harder rock remains as a tall column.
• Ox-bow: An oxbow is a U-shaped body of water that forms
when a meandering river takes a shortcut. As a river
meanders, its bends become more pronounced over time.
Sometimes, the meander bends become so tight that the
river creates a new, shorter channel, cutting off the loop
of the original river course. This cutoff loop becomes an
oxbow lake, disconnected from the main river channel.
• Levees: Levees are raised embankments or natural ridges
found along the banks of rivers. They are typically formed
by the accumulation of sediment and debris during
periodic flooding events. When a river overflows its
banks during a flood, it deposits sediment on the
floodplain. Over time, these deposits build up and create
levees, which act as natural barriers to confine the river
within its channel during future floods.
S83. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c). The Zoya Factor was written by Anuja
Chauhan.
• The Zoya Factor is a novel written by Anuja Chauhan. It
was published in 2008 by Harper Collins India. The novel
is about a Rajput woman named Zoya Singh Solanki who
meets the Indian Cricket Team through her job as an
executive in an advertising agency and ends up becoming
a lucky charm for the team for the 2011 Cricket World
Cup.
• The Zoya Factor was a commercial success, selling over 1
million copies in India. It was also adapted into a 2019
film of the same name, starring Sonam Kapoor and
Dulquer Salmaan.
• The novel has been praised for its humor, its insights into
the Indian cricket team, and its portrayal of a strong
female protagonist. It has also been criticized for its
simplistic plot and its reliance on stereotypes.
S84. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c) Ustad Bismillah Khan
Ustad Bismillah Khan was a renowned shehnai player who is
credited with bringing the instrument out of its ceremonial
context and into the classical music arena. He was a recipient
of the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.
Bismillah Khan played a crucial role in elevating the status of
the shehnai from its ceremonial context to a recognized
classical musical instrument.
S85. Ans.(c)
Sol. The answer is (c) Gymnastics.
Pommel horse, Roman rings, and vaulting table are all
apparatuses used in gymnastics. Pommel horse is a padded
rectangular or cylindrical form with two pommels on the top,
which is used for swinging and balancing feats. Roman rings
are two suspended rings that are used for swinging, hanging,
and acrobatics. Vaulting table is a flat, large, and cushioned
surface that is used for vaulting. These apparatuses are not
used in any other sport, so the answer is (c).
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S86. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) Chanakya.
Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, was a scholar and
philosopher who lived in ancient India. He is best known for
writing the Arthashastra, a treatise on statecraft and military
strategy. The Arthashastra is one of the most important works
of political thought in Indian history, and it has been studied
by scholars and practitioners of statecraft for centuries.
Vishnu Sharma is the author of the Panchatantra, a collection
of fables that teaches moral lessons. Chandragupta was the
founder of the Mauryan Empire, and Kalidasa was a poet and
playwright who lived in the 4th or 5th century CE.
In detail, here are the reasons why Chanakya is the most
likely author of the Arthashastra:
• Chanakya was a scholar and philosopher who was well-
versed in the art of statecraft. He served as the advisor to
Chandragupta Maurya, and he is credited with helping to
establish the Mauryan Empire.
• The Arthashastra is a treatise on statecraft and military
strategy, and it reflects Chanakya's knowledge of these
subjects. The text is also full of practical advice on how to
rule a kingdom effectively.
S87. Ans.(d)
Sol. The Hornbill Festival is celebrated in Nagaland. So the
answer is (d).
The Hornbill Festival is one of the most famous festivals in
India and is celebrated annually in Nagaland. It takes place
from December 1st to December 10th every year. The festival
is named after the Indian Hornbill, which is a large and
colourful forest bird species found in the state.
Nagaland, located in the north-eastern part of India, is known
for its rich cultural heritage and diverse indigenous tribes.
The Hornbill Festival is organized by the Government of
Nagaland to promote and showcase the cultural traditions,
arts, crafts, music, dance, and cuisine of the various tribes
residing in the state.
S88. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) Tropical Deciduous Forests.
Tropical Deciduous Forests, also known as monsoon forests
or moist deciduous forests, are one of the most widespread
forest types in India. They are found in regions that
experience a seasonal climate with distinct wet and dry
seasons. These forests are prevalent in areas receiving
moderate to high rainfall. The trees in these forests shed their
leaves during the dry season to conserve water and sprout
new leaves during the wet season. Tropical Deciduous Forests
are commonly found in regions like central India, parts of the
Western Ghats, and the north-eastern states.
Some other Detail:
• Mangrove Forests: Mangrove forests are another
significant forest type in India, especially along the
coastal areas. Mangroves are unique ecosystems that
grow in saline coastal environments, such as tidal deltas,
estuaries, and mudflats. The Sundarbans in West Bengal
is one of the most famous mangrove forests in India.
• Tropical Evergreen Forests: Tropical Evergreen Forests,
also known as rainforests, are dense forests that receive
heavy rainfall throughout the year. These forests typically
occur in areas with high humidity and consistent
temperatures. Tropical Evergreen Forests are rich in
biodiversity and home to a wide variety of plant and
animal species. They are found in regions with high
rainfall, such as the Western Ghats, northeastern states,
and parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• Montane Forests: Montane forests are forests that occur
in mountainous regions at higher elevations. As elevation
increases, the climate and vegetation change accordingly.
These forests vary with altitude, and different altitudinal
zones can support different types of vegetation. Montane
forests are found in various mountain ranges across
India, such as the Himalayas, Nilgiris, and Western Ghats.
Different types of forests in India:
Type of Forest Rainfall Characteristics
Tropical 70-200 Trees shed leaves during
Deciduous Forest cm dry season
Mangrove Forest >200 Trees tolerant of saline
cm water
Tropical >200 Trees have leaves all year
Evergreen Forest cm round
Montane Forest <100 Trees adapted to cold
cm weather
S89. Ans.(a)
Sol. The answer is (a) 15–59 years.
The working age population refers to the group of people
within a country who are considered to be of working age and
are typically available for employment. This group is often
defined by an age range that is considered to be suitable for
participating in the labor force and contributing to the
economy. The age range for the working-age population may
vary slightly from country to country, but it generally falls
between the ages of 15 and 59 years.
Here's a breakdown of the age range:
• The lower age limit is usually set at 15 years, as many
countries consider this to be the minimum age at which
individuals are legally allowed to work (subject to certain
restrictions and regulations).
• The upper age limit is set at 59 years, as many countries
consider this to be the age at which individuals are
eligible for retirement benefits and pension schemes.
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S90. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d) deposits.
In the context of a bank, the main liability refers to the
deposits held by the bank. Deposits are the funds that
customers entrust to the bank for safekeeping and use in
various financial services. These deposits can be in the form
of savings accounts, checking accounts, certificates of deposit
(CDs), and other types of accounts. The bank is responsible for
safeguarding these funds and making them available to
customers when needed.
S91. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer is (d) Wheat
Millets and coarse grains are a group of small-seeded cereal
crops that are considered more resilient and nutritious
compared to some of the major staple grains like rice and
wheat. They are typically grown in semi-arid regions and have
been an important part of traditional diets in many parts of
the world.
Option Detail:
• Jowar: Jowar, also known as sorghum, is one of the most
widely cultivated millets. It is a gluten-free grain and is
rich in fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals.
• Bajra: Bajra, also known as pearl millet, is another
common millet variety. It is widely grown in India and
Africa and is known for its drought-resistant properties.
• Ragi: Ragi, also known as finger millet, is a nutritious
millet crop cultivated in India, Africa, and other Asian
countries.
• Wheat: Wheat is not a millet or coarse grain. It belongs to
the category of major cereal crops and is one of the
world's most widely cultivated grains. Wheat is a staple
food in many parts of the world and is a significant source
of carbohydrates and proteins.
Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Wheat, as it is not an
example of millets or coarse grains.
S92. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b). IVF stands for In Vitro Fertilization.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a medical procedure used to
assist individuals or couples who have difficulty conceiving a
child naturally. The process involves fertilizing an egg with
sperm outside the body (in vitro, meaning "in glass" or "in a
laboratory dish"). Once fertilization occurs and embryos
develop, one or more embryos are transferred back into the
uterus.
The IVF process typically involves several steps, including
ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs, egg retrieval,
sperm collection, fertilization of the eggs in the laboratory,
embryo culture, and embryo transfer. It may also involve
preimplantation genetic testing in some cases.
S93. Ans.(d)
Sol. Nepal is located to the north of India. The answer option
(d) is correct.
Nepal is a landlocked country located in South Asia. It is
bordered by India to the south, east, and west, and by China
(Tibet) to the north. Here are some key points about Nepal:
1. Capital and Major Cities: The capital city of Nepal is
Kathmandu, which is also the largest city in the country.
Other major cities include Pokhara, Lalitpur (Patan), and
Bhaktapur.
2. Geography: Nepal is known for its diverse geography,
which includes the Himalayan mountain range in the
north, with some of the world's highest peaks, including
Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. The central
region consists of hills and valleys, and the southern Terai
plains bordering India.
S94. Ans.(d)
Sol. The article of the Indian Constitution related to the
"Uniform Civil Code for the Citizen" is (d) Article 44.
Article 44 of the Indian Constitution is one of the Directive
Principles of State Policy (DPSP) which are enumerated from
Article 36 to Article 51. These principles are guidelines and
recommendations for the government to follow in the
governance of the country. Though not enforceable by any
court, they are fundamental in the governance of the country
and considered essential in the promotion of the welfare of
the people.
Article 44 states: "The State shall endeavor to secure for the
citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India."
S95. Ans.(d)
Sol. The correct answer is: (d) Chlorophyll
It is the primary green pigment in plant leaves that absorbs
light energy from the sun, particularly in the red and blue
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This captured
energy is then used in the process of photosynthesis to
convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen,
with the help of other pigments and enzymes in the
chloroplasts.
Here's a detailed explanation of each option:
• Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance found
within cells, including plant cells. It contains various
organelles, including chloroplasts, where chlorophyll is
located. However, chlorophyll itself is not the green
pigment; it is contained within the chloroplasts of the
cytoplasm.
• Cladophyll: Cladophylls are modified plant structures
that resemble leaves and perform photosynthesis, but
they are not the primary location for chlorophyll. They
are specialized stems or branches that may contain
chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis, but they
are not the green pigment themselves.
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• Xanthophyll: Xanthophylls are also pigments found in
chloroplasts alongside chlorophyll. They are responsible
for the yellow color in leaves and play a role in light
absorption during photosynthesis. However, they are not
the primary green pigment that captures energy from
sunlight; that role belongs to chlorophyll.
S96. Ans.(c)
Sol. The correct answer is (c), Somnath Temple, Gujarat.
Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni raided the Somnath Temple in
Gujarat in 1025 CE. The temple was dedicated to Lord Shiva
and was one of the richest temples in India at the time.
Mahmud's forces plundered the temple and destroyed the
jyotirlinga, a sacred lingam that was the focus of worship at
the temple
Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, who ruled from 997 to 1030 AD,
was known for his numerous military campaigns in India. One
of his most notable invasions was in 1026 AD when he
targeted the wealthy and revered Somnath Temple.
Mahmud's motivation for the raid was not only political and
military conquest but also the vast riches that were believed
to be stored within the temple.
S97. Ans.(b)
Sol. The answer is (b) In India, National Voters' Day is
celebrated on 25 January.
National Voters' Day is observed on 25th January every year
to celebrate the foundation day of the Election Commission of
India, which was established on 25th January 1950. The first
National Voters' Day was celebrated on 25th January 2011 to
mark the 61st anniversary of the Election Commission.
The main objective of National Voters' Day is to encourage,
promote, and maximize the enrolment of eligible voters and
also to spread awareness about the importance of
participating in the electoral process. It aims to ensure that
every eligible citizen is registered to vote and can exercise
their democratic right to vote.
S98. Ans.(d)
Sol. An image which can be obtained on a screen is called a
real image. So the answer is (d).
An image that can be obtained on a screen is called a real
image. A real image is formed when actual light rays converge
at a specific point after passing through an optical system,
such as a lens. The light rays physically pass through the
location of the image, allowing it to be projected onto a screen
or a surface. This is different from a virtual image, where the
light rays only appear to diverge from a specific point when
traced backward and cannot be projected onto a screen.
S99. Ans.(a)
Sol. Mrinalini Sarabhai, who received the 'Padma Shri' in the
year 1965, was a recognized (a) Bharatanatyam dancer.
Mrinalini Sarabhai was a Bharatanatyam dancer. She was
awarded the Padma Shri in 1965 for her contributions to the
field of dance. Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form from
Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the oldest and most popular
classical dance forms in India.
Here is a brief description of the four dance forms
mentioned in the question:
• Bharatanatyam: This is a classical dance form from
Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the oldest and most popular
classical dance forms in India. Bharatanatyam is a highly
stylized dance form that emphasizes grace, rhythm, and
expression.
• Odissi: This is a classical dance form from Odisha, India.
It is known for its intricate footwork and graceful
movements. Odissi is a very spiritual dance form that
often depicts stories from Hindu mythology.
• Kuchipudi: This is a classical dance form from Andhra
Pradesh, India. It is known for its acrobatic movements
and vibrant costumes. Kuchipudi is a very energetic
dance form that often depicts stories from Hindu
mythology.
• Manipuri: This is a classical dance form from Manipur,
India. It is known for its graceful movements and intricate
hand gestures. Manipuri is a very lyrical dance form that
often depicts stories from Hindu mythology.
Kannada and Udupi, which are predominantly inhabited by
the Tulu-speaking people. The dance is a part of the
Bhootaradhane ritual, which is a way of worshipping the local
deities. The dancers wear elaborate masks and costumes, and
they perform vigorous movements to invoke the spirits.
Bhoota Kola is a centuries-old tradition, and it is still
performed today as a way of connecting with the spiritual
world.
Here are some other interesting facts about Bhoota Kola:
• The dance is believed to have originated in the 7th or 8th
century CE.
• The masks used in the dance are made from wood or
papier-mâché, and they are often decorated with
feathers, beads, and other ornaments.
• The costumes worn by the dancers are also elaborate, and
they often include bells, chains, and other metalwork.
• The dance is accompanied by music, which is played on
drums, horns, and other instruments.
• Bhoota Kola is a sacred dance, and it is only performed by
people who have been initiated into the ritual.

S100. Ans.(d)
Sol. Bhoota Kola, a spirit worship ritual dance, is from the
state of Karnataka. So, the correct answer is (d) Karnataka
Bhoota Kola, a spirit worship ritual dance, is of the Karnataka
state. It is performed in the coastal districts of Dakshina

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