Embryo

Certainly! Here's a multiple-choice test on embryology with 20 questions:

1. During which week of gestation does neurulation occur, leading to the formation
of the neural tube?
a. 2nd week
b. 3rd week
c. 4th week
d. 5th week

2. The three primary germ layers, from which all tissues and organs derive, are:
a. Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
b. Epiblast, hypoblast, and trophoblast
c. Amnion, chorion, and yolk sac
d. Neural tube, notochord, and somites

3. The process of gastrulation involves the formation of the:

a. Neural tube
b. Blastocyst
c. Three germ layers
d. Placenta

4. The primitive streak, a structure crucial for gastrulation, forms in which layer
of the bilaminar embryonic disc?
a. Ectoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Endoderm
d. Trophoblast

5. The notochord is a structure that induces the formation of the:

a. Neural tube
b. Neural crest cells
c. Somites
d. Extraembryonic mesoderm

6. What is the primary function of the placenta during embryonic development?

a. Oxygen and nutrient exchange
b. Protection of the embryo
c. Formation of the neural tube
d. Hematopoiesis

7. The primitive heart tube is formed from the fusion of paired:

a. Aortic arches
b. Pharyngeal pouches
c. Endocardial tubes
d. Neural crests

8. The formation of limb buds begins during which week of embryonic development?
a. 4th week
b. 5th week
c. 6th week
d. 7th week

9. The first sign of neural tube closure is the formation of the:

a. Neural crest cells
b. Neural plate
c. Neural groove
d. Neural tube
10. The process of somitogenesis involves the segmentation and formation of:
a. Nephrons
b. Cardiac chambers
c. Skeletal muscles and vertebrae
d. Lung buds

11. Which structure gives rise to the future spinal cord and brainstem?
a. Notochord
b. Neural crest cells
c. Neural tube
d. Amniotic sac

12. The umbilical cord connects the embryo/fetus to the:

a. Placenta
b. Amnion
c. Yolk sac
d. Chorion

13. The first trimester of pregnancy includes the period from:

a. Conception to 12 weeks
b. 12 weeks to 24 weeks
c. 24 weeks to 36 weeks
d. 36 weeks to delivery

14. The formation of the neural crest cells contributes to the development of:
a. Heart valves
b. Bones and cartilage of the face
c. Nephrons
d. Liver lobes

15. The primary function of the amniotic fluid is to:

a. Provide nutrients to the developing embryo
b. Facilitate gas exchange
c. Protect the embryo/fetus from mechanical injury
d. Form the placenta

16. The notochord induces the overlying ectoderm to form the:

a. Spinal cord
b. Brain
c. Epidermis
d. Neural crest cells

17. Which structure contributes to the formation of blood cells during early
embryonic development?
a. Yolk sac
b. Amnion
c. Chorion
d. Allantois

18. The process of organogenesis involves the formation and development of:
a. Limb buds
b. Blood vessels
c. Organs and organ systems
d. Neural tube

19. During which week of embryonic development do the major body systems start to
form?
a. 2nd week
 b. 3rd week
c. 4th week
d. 5th week

20. The blastocyst implants into the endometrium during:

a. Cleavage
b. Gastrulation
c. Neurulation
d. Implantation

Answers:
1. b. 3rd week
2. a. Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
3. c. Three germ layers
4. b. Mesoderm
5. a. Neural tube
6. a. Oxygen and nutrient exchange
7. c. Endocardial tubes
8. a. 4th week
9. c. Neural groove
10. b. 5th week
11. c. Neural tube
12. a. Placenta
13. a. Conception to 12 weeks
14. b. Bones and cartilage of the face
15. c. Protect the embryo/fetus from mechanical injury
16. a. Spinal cord
17. a. Yolk sac
18. c. Organs and organ systems
19. c. 4th week
20. d. Implantation