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SAYCO
BSBIO2-5
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B. 4. What is the term for the process by which a single fertilized egg gives
rise to a multicellular organism with specialized cells and tissues?
a. Gametogenesis
b. Embryogenesis
c. Cleavage
d. Differentiation
B 12. Identify the structure formed during gastrulation that becomes the future
mouth or anus in the developing embryo.
a. Blastomere
b. Blastopore
c. Neural tube
d. Yolk sac
A 13. Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system, epidermis, and
associated structures?
a. Ectoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Endoderm
d. Trophoblast
C 20. Which process involves the movement of cells to their final location
during embryonic development?
a. Neurulation
b. Gastrulation
c. Cell migration
d. Cleavage
A 21. Which term refers to the reversible and undifferentiated state of cells in
early embryonic development?
a. Totipotent
b. Pluripotent
c. Multipotent
d. Unipotent
C 23. Which term describes the process of cell movement and organization to
form specific structures and organs during development?
a. Cell division
b. Cell differentiation
c. Cell migration
d. Apoptosis
A 37. Which of the following is responsible for carrying the genetic code from
the DNA to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA polymerase
B 52.In the context of the Central Dogma, where does translation take place?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Golgi apparatus
A 57.What is the purpose of the 5' cap and poly-A tail in eukaryotic mRNA?
a. Enhance stability and protect against degradation
b. Facilitate transcription
c. Initiate translation
d. Promote reverse transcription
C 60.Which term refers to the phenomenon where cells with the same genetic
material exhibit different functions and characteristics?
a. Genomic equivalence
b. Gene silencing
c. Cellular differentiation
d. Pleiotropy
C 61.What is the term for the process by which cells become specialized in
structure and function during development?
a. Transcription b. Replication c. Differentiation d. Translation
B 62.Which of the following statements about stem cells is true in the context
of genomic equivalence?
a. Stem cells are fully differentiated and specialized.
b. Stem cells have the potential to give rise to multiple cell types.
c. Stem cells have a fixed and unalterable genetic code.
d. Stem cells are only found in animals, not in plants.
C 68.In the study of human diseases, why are mice often chosen as model
organisms?
a. Mice have fewer genes than humans.
b. Mice have a shorter lifespan than humans.
c. Mice share a significant portion of their genes with humans.
d. Mice are resistant to genetic mutations.
B 69. Identify the process in which a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form
a zygote. a. Gametogenesis b. Fertilization c. Cleavage d. Implantation
B 70. What is the specific term for the resulting cell formed after the fusion of
sperm and egg during fertilization?
a. Blastocyst b. Zygote c. Embryo d. Morula
A 71. Which structure surrounds the oocyte and participates in the block to
polyspermy during fertilization?
a. Zona pellucida b. Coronal radiata c. Fallopian tube d. Corpus luteum
A 73. What is the term for the process where the sperm penetrates the egg
membrane?
a. Acrosome reaction b. Fertilization reaction c. Zygote formation d.
Gastrulation
C 75. Identify the stage at which the zygote begins to undergo cleavage
divisions.
a. Blastocyst b. Morula c. Gastrula d. Embryo
B 79. Identify the event in oogenesis where an egg cell is released from the
ovary.
a. Fertilization b. Ovulation c. Menstruation d. Implantation
B 80. What is the name of the process that reduces the chromosome number
by half during gametogenesis?
a. Mitosis b. Meiosis c. Fertilization d. Cleavage
C 81. In spermatogenesis, how many functional sperm cells are produced
from one spermatogonium?
a. One b. Two c. Four d. Eight
D 82. During oogenesis, what is the fate of the polar bodies produced during
meiosis?
a. They fuse with sperm during fertilization.
b. They contribute to the formation of the embryo.
c. They are expelled from the body during menstruation.
d. They degenerate and are typically not involved in fertilization.
C 88. Identify the term for the phenomenon where environmental factors
influence the sex of an organism.
a. Genetic sex determination b. Hormonal sex determination c. Environmental
sex determination d. Random sex determination
B 93.What is the term for the hollow ball of cells that forms during early
development?
a. Blastomere b. Blastula c. Morula d. Gastrula
C 94.What are the main events that occur during the embryonic period of
early development?
a. Organ differentiation and growth
b. Fertilization and cleavage
c. Implantation and gastrulation
d. Blastulation and morula formation
A 95.Why is the process of early development considered critical for the later
stages of embryonic development?
a. It establishes the basic body plan.
b. It determines the genetic makeup of the organism.
c. It marks the onset of organogenesis.
d. It triggers the formation of the neural tube.
A 96.Define blastulation.
a. The formation of the blastocyst
b. The differentiation of germ layers
c. The process of organ development
d. The fusion of egg and sperm
A 97. What is the blastocyst, and what is its significance in early
development?
a. A fluid-filled cavity surrounded by cells; it marks the beginning of
gastrulation.
b. A solid mass of cells; it is the precursor to the morula.
c. The first stage of cleavage; it precedes blastomere formation.
d. The final stage of embryonic development; it precedes implantation.
B 98. During blastulation, what is the fate of the inner cell mass in the
blastocyst?
a. It gives rise to the trophoblast.
b. It forms the embryonic disc.
c. It becomes the amniotic cavity.
d. It develops into the yolk sac.
END OF TEST
May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you trust in him, so that
you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy
Romans 15:13
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