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    1. Mycobacterium are acid-fast bacteria that can cause tuberculosis and other diseases. 2. They have a complex cell wall containing mycolic acid which makes them acid-fast on staining and resistant to chemical compounds. 3. Major pathogenic species include M. tuberculosis which causes tuberculosis in humans, M. bovis which causes tuberculosis in cattle, and M. avium which can infect birds and immunocompromised humans.

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    1. Mycobacterium are acid-fast bacteria that can cause tuberculosis and other diseases. 2. They have a complex cell wall containing mycolic acid which makes them acid-fast on staining and resistant to chemical compounds. 3. Major pathogenic species include M. tuberculosis which causes tuberculosis in humans, M. bovis which causes tuberculosis in cattle, and M. avium which can infect birds and immunocompromised humans.

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    6 views5 pages

    Mycobacterium

    Uploaded by

    rita900717
    1. Mycobacterium are acid-fast bacteria that can cause tuberculosis and other diseases. 2. They have a complex cell wall containing mycolic acid which makes them acid-fast on staining and resistant to chemical compounds. 3. Major pathogenic species include M. tuberculosis which causes tuberculosis in humans, M. bovis which causes tuberculosis in cattle, and M. avium which can infect birds and immunocompromised humans.

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    of 5

    mycobacterium

    1. 分類
    也是 order: actionmycetales
    family: Myco(黴菌)bacteriaceae
    Mycobacterium
    M. Bovis
    M. Avium
    M. Paratubercculosis

    Structure
    Mycolic acid
    ZN stain
    carbol fuchsin
    Heat
    Acid-alcohol(非 acid fast 會被脫⾊)
    Methylene blue
    lipid
    Bind carbol fuchsia ⽯碳酸複紅
    無法被 acid-alcohol decolourizer 去除
    Polysaccharide
    毒⼒因⼦

    Key point
    Cell wall mycolic acid
    Acid fast
    Rod
    Aerobic 肺泡內 ,non motile ,non spore forming
    Complex egg-enriched media required by
    pathogenic species
    環境菌
    grow slow
    長很慢 病程長
    有些會製造 carotenoid pigment
    對化學物質和環境有抗性 但不耐熱
    加溫可殺死
    造成長期囊腫感染
    主要會造成 tuberculosis ,johne’s disease,feline leprosy
    和 norcadia and rhodococcus 相近
    Cell wall mycolic acid
    mycobacterium
    Nocardia
    corynebacterium
    Rhodococcus

    Species
    M. Bovis
    Tuberculosis
    Cattle
    Deer
    Badger
    M. Tuberculosis
    Human
    M. Avium
    M. Avium subspecies paratuberculosis
    Paratuberculosis(John’s disease )
    反芻獸
    M. Avium complex
    avian tuberculosis
    M. Leprae
    Leprosy
    Human
    M. Lepraemurium
    Feline leprosy
    沒分類的 acid-fast
    Skin tuberculosis
    Cattle

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)


    M. Tuberculosis
    M. Bovis
    M. Africanum
    M. Microti
    M. Caprae

    Nontuberculosis mycobacteria
    Runyon’s group
    group III
    Mycobacterium Avium complex
    非典型分枝桿菌
    ⾊素 carotid
    在⿊暗跟光中會製造⾊素
    菌落多樣
    ⽣長速率
    有的很久
    有的很快

    mycobacterium bovis
    跟 M. Tuberculosis 難分
    只能透過抗體或是 DNA 基因
    bovine tuberculosis
    In cattle and human
    透過接觸到感染的乳製品
    BCG,bacillus calmette-guerin 卡介苗
    減毒疫苗 live-attenuated bacterial vaccine
    打 mycobacterium bovis 到活體 抽出 減毒
    感染動物
    吃進去
    pig ,ferret 雪貂,cat,deer
    呼吸
    cat
    咬傷
    cat,badger
    吸入
    非⼈類靈長類,badger
    Spillover host
    No maintain M. Bovis
    可能會傳給其他動物
    cattle = reservoir host
    Aerosol,吃到吃到
    ⽪膚 Cutaneous,⽣殖器 genital, 先天 congenital (rare)
    asymptomatic
    傳給⼈
    吃進未殺菌乳製品 ⽣⾁
    氣溶膠
    傷⼝
    ⼈傳⼈
    很少 通常是 Immunosuppressed
    ⼈ 野⽣動物 ⽜群 ⼟壤迴圈
    症狀
    需要幾個⽉ 可能變成 dormant 潛伏 reactivate
    tuberculin test
    ⽪下有腫脹代表陽性
    早期無症狀
    後期
    Progressive emaciation
    Fever, weakness, inappetence
    Moist cough
    Enlarged, draining lymph nodes
    granulomas(tubercle)
    黃⾊
    乾酪狀
    鈣化
    膿腫
    在淋巴竇和器官中

    mycobacterium avium complex


    poultry
    mycobacterium avium
    M. intracellulare
    傳播
    faecal-oral route 糞⼝傳染
    肝 ⼩腸 脾
    zoonotic
    immunocompromised or with severe lung disease
    temperature range 37 to 43 ° C
    稍⾼ 因是禽類
    Tuberculosis of poultry
    avian mycobacteriosis, avian tuberculosis, avian TB
    長期感染
    產蛋率下降
    死亡

    Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis


    Paratuberculosis
    Chronic diarrhoea, contagious, invariably fatal enteritis
    Intestinal granulomatous infection
    蛋⽩質跑掉⽽營養不良
    家畜或野⽣反芻獸
    sheep,goat,camel,buffalo
    cattle
    Johne's disease
    正常食慾但是體重下降且腹瀉
    下巴腫脹
    intermandibular edema 下頷⽔腫 / bottle jaw
    因為腸內⾎液感染導致蛋⽩質流失
    兩種基因型
    S type
    type I in sheep
    C type
    type II in cattle

    non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)
    環境菌
    ⽔ ⼟
    ⼈會藉由吸到⼟和氣溶膠 ⽔感染
    非典型

    Mycobacterium lepraemurium痲瘋病
    主要 rat,mice
    cat 次要
    照燈會不同顏⾊

    主要主題 12

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