Valdez, Humphrey Kenneth P.

SEPTEMBER 28, 2023

BSEE 3ED EEAC 105 L
211-1295-2

TRANSFORMER POWER SUPPLY AND FILTER

ACTIVITY NO. 2

OBJECTIVES

1. To measure the effects of filter elements on the dc output voltage and ripple.
2. To test and compare the effectiveness of (a) capacitor filter (b) π type filter.
3. To measure and compare the regulation of half- and full-wave transformer–
fed power supply.

MATERIALS REQUIRED

 Power supply: 120-V rms 60-Hz source

 Equipment: Oscilloscope; EVM or VOM
 Resistors: 100-Ω, 2700- Ω, ½-W
 Capacitors: Two 100-µF 50-V; 25µF 50-V
 Solid-state rectifiers: Two IN5625 or equivalent
 Miscellaneous: Power transformer T1, 120-V primary, 23.998-V 1-A center
tapped secondary (use TS_MISC_VIRTUAL); SPST switch; fused line cord

ILLUSTRATION AND FIGURES

PROCEDURE

Transformer Supply with Capacitive Filter

1. Connect the circuit of 7.2. S1 is OFF. C1 is 100-µF 50-V capacitor. R1 is a

2700Ω ½W bleeder resistor.
2. Close S1. With a voltmeter measure Vout, the dc output voltage across R1, and
record the result in Table 7-1. With an oscilloscope connected across R1,
observe, measure, and record in Table 7-1 the ripple waveform and its peak-
to-peak amplitude.
3. Open S1. Discharge capacitor C1 by clipping a short circuit across R1.
Connect a 250-Ω 2-W load resistor (RL) in parallel with bleeder resistor. The
voltmeter and oscilloscope are still connected across R1.
4. Close S1. Measure Vout and the ripple waveform. Record the result in Table
7-1. Compute the load current IL in the 250-Ω resistor and record the result
in Table 7-1. Show your computation.
5. Open S1. Allow a minute for RL to discharge C1. A voltmeter 0 V across C1
when fully discharged.
6. Replace C1 with a 25 µF 50-V capacitor. Close S1. Measure Vout and the ripple
waveform. Record the result in Table 7-1. Compute the load current IL.
7.

RIPPLE IL
STEP Load, Ω VOUT,V WAVEFORM V (Computed)
p-p mA
2 None x

4 250

6 250

Table 7-1 Capacitive Filter

 Capacitor Input π Filter

8. Open S1. Remove capacitor C1, the bleeder, and load resistors and connect
the circuit of Fig. 7-4. C1 and C2 are 100 F 50-V capacitors; Rc is a 100-Ω ½ W
resistor; RB is 2700-Ω ½ W resistor.
9. Close S1. Measure and record in Table 7-2 the dc no-load voltage across C1
(point A to G) and Vout (point P to G). Observe and measure with an
oscilloscope and record the ripple waveform and its peak-to-peak voltage A
to G and P to G.
10. Open S1. Connect the 250-Ω 2-W load resistor in parallel with RB.
11. Close S1. With load, repeat your measurements in step 8 and record in
Table 7-2.
12. Open S1. Remove C1 from the circuit. Leave the other components. Repeat
step 8 and 10.

13. Open S1. Replace C1 in the circuit. Remove C1 from the circuit. Leave the
other components. Repeat step 8 and 1

NO LOAD 250-Ω ,2 W LOAD

STEP POI RIPPLE RIPPLE

NT DC, WAVEFORM V DC, V WAVEFOR V CONDITI
V ON
p-p M p-p
8-10 A-G
Π filter
8-10 P-G

11 A-G CI open

11 P-G

12 A-G C2 open

12 P-G
Table 7-2 �-Filter Full-Wave Rectifier

Regulation Half-Wave Rectifier

14. Open S1. Replace C2 in the circuit. This restores the π filter in Fig. 7-4. The
bleeder resistor is still connected. Remove 250-Ω load resistor. Remove D2
from the circuit. We now have a half-wave rectifier and π filter, without
load.
15. Close S1. Measure and record in Table 7-3 the dc no-load voltage across
points A to G and P to G. Observe, measure and record the ripple waveform
and its peak-to-peak voltage at points A to G and P to G.
 16. Connect the 250-Ω load resistor in the circuit. Repeat the measurements in
step 14.

No Load 250-Ω 2-W Load

Ripple Ripple
DC, DC,
V V V V
Waveform Waveform
p-p p-p
Point

A-G

P-G
Table 7-3 Half-Wave Rectifier Measurements with and without Load

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Refer specifically to the data id Tables 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 in answering these
questions. Identify the table and data on which your answer is based.

1. (a) Which value capacitor is more effective as a filter element, the larger or
smaller? (b) Why?

2. At which point in the π filter, input or output, is the ripple voltage higher?
Why?
3. In the experimental full-wave rectifier (Fig. 7-4), which open capacitor
reduced the dc output voltage in the output more, C1 or C2? Why?

4. In the experimental full-wave rectifier (Fig. 7-4), which open capacitor

increased the ripple voltage in the output more C1 or C2? Why?

5. How does a capacitive filter (Fig. 7-2) compare with a π filter, for a full-
wave rectifier under load, as to (a) dc output, (b) ripple? Explain why.
 6. Compare the full-wave and half-wave supplies with π filter under 250-Ω
load as to (a) dc voltage at input and output of filter, (b) ripple voltage at
input and output of voltage.

7. Explain the difference, if any, in output voltage between the full-wave and
half-wave rectifier under load.

8. Explain the difference, if any, in ripple voltage between the outputs of the
full-wave and half-wave rectifier under load.

Conclusion: