HISTORY – 5

PRINT CULTURE AND THE MODERN WORLD

Introduction
1. “It is difficult to imagine a world without printed matter” Justify
1. The first printed books
Very short answers
1. Define Calligraphy.
2. Which country was the major producer of printed material
3. Which city became the hub of the new print culture in China?
Short /Long Answers
4. What was an ‘accordion book’? Describe any two features of hand printing in China.
5. ‘By the 17th century, as urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.’
Explain by giving examples.
6. How did a new reading culture bloom in China? Explain by giving examples.
7. ‘The Imperial state in China was major producer of printed material’ Support this
statement.
1.1 Print in Japan
Very short answers
1. Name the oldest Japanese book.
2. What is the old name of Tokyo?
3. What is Ukiyo?
Short /Long Answers
4. Describe the various publishing practices of visual material in Japan.
5. Mention some of the important characteristics of print culture of Japan.
6. Write a short note on Tripitaka Koreana.
7. Write a short note in Kitagawa Utamaro.

2. Print comes to Europe

Very short answers
1. Define Vellum.
2. Who is Marco Polo?
3. Who developed the first-known printing press?
Short /Long Answers
4. Why did the woodblock method become popular in Europe?
5. Who was Marco Polo? What was his contribution to Print Culture?
6. Why do you think the Production of Handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever
increasing demand for books?
7. What were the three difficulties in copying manuscripts? What was the use of printing
press? Describe.
8. How did print culture develop in Europe? Explain.

2.1 Gutenberg and the Printing Press

Very short answers
1. Who and which year the printing press system was perfected?
2. What is print reolution?
3. What is platen?
4. What are the two functions of the use of colours within the letters in various places in
Bible?
Short /Long Answers
5. ‘The shift form hand printing to mechanical printing led to the print revolution’. Explain.
6. What were the features of the new books which were produced in Europe after the
invention of the Gutenberg’s press?
7. Who invented printing press? How did he develop the print technology?
8. Which was the “Reading mania? What was its impact on children, women and workers?

3. Print Revolution and Its Impact

1. “The ‘Print Revolution’ had transformed the lives of people changing their relationship
to information and knowledge” Analyse the statement.

3.1 A New Reading Public

Very short answers
1. Define ballad
2. Define Taverns
Short /Long Answers
3. Describe any three circumstances that intermingled the hearing culture and reading
culture.
4. How did the oral culture enter print and how was the printed material transmitted
orally? Explain with suitable examples.
5. How did the Printing Press create a new reading Public.
6. How did the printers manage to attract the people, largely illiterate, towards printed
books?
7. “Oral culture and Print culture are complimentary to each other” Justify the statement
with suitable examples.
 3.2 Religious Debates and the Fear of Print
Very short answers
1. Who is Martin Luther?
2. Define Protestant Reformation.
3. How many copies New Testament were sold?
Short /Long Answers
4. Give a brief information about the Protestant Reformation Movement’.
5. “Print is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one”’ Who said this? How did print
help to promote protestant Reformation?
6. Martin Luther remarked “Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one”.
Explain his remarks in the light of the religious reforms that took place in Europe.

3.3 Print and Dissent

Very short answers
1. Define Inquisition.
2. Define Heretical.
3. Who is Erasmus?
4. What does the Macabre dance depict?
Short /Long Answers
5. Who was Menocchio? Mention any two contributions of him in the field of print culture
in the sixteenth century.
6. Why did the Roman Catholic Church begin to keep and Index of prohibited books from
the mid sixteenth century?

4. The Reading Mania

Very short answers
1. What is an almanac?
2. What do you mean by chapbooks?
3. What is ‘Biliotheque Bleue’?
4. Name some thinkers.
Short /Long Answers
5. How did new forms of popular literature appear in print targeting new audience in the
18th century? Explain with examples.
6. Describe some of the new printed books that were sold by the peddlers in villages in the
eighteenth century Europe.
7. How did the idea s of scientists and philosophers become more accessible to common
people after the beginning of Print revolution in Europe?
 4.1 ‘Tremble, therefore, Tyrants of the world’
Very short answers
1. What is despotism?
2. To which country Louise-Sebastian Mercier belong to?
Short /Long Answers
3. ‘Tremble, therefor, tyrants of the world! Tremble before the virtual writer”! Explain this
statement in the context of mid 18th century France.
4. Who was Louise-Sebastien Mercier? What was his opinion on the printing press? Explain
three reasons. Why it is believed that print culture created the conditions within which
the French Revolution occurred?

4.2 Print Culture and the French Revolution

1. ‘Print popularised the idea of the Enlightenment thinkers’ Explain.
2. Give three types of Arguments on the effects of print technology on French Revolution.

5. The Nineteenth Century

1. The nineteenth century saw a large number of new readers among whom?

5.1 Children, Women and Workers

Very short answers
1. When and where was children press set up?
2. Mention about the best known women novelist during Nineteenth century.
Short /Long Answers
3. How did the New folk tales acquire a new form?
4. Write a short note on Grimm brothers?
5. What was the contribution of lending libraries?
6. What kind of material was printed for children and women during the 19 th century that
made them an important category of readers?

5.2 Further Innovations

Very short answers
1. What is the contribution of Richard M Hoe?
2. What is Shilling Series?
Short /Long Answers
3. Highlight any three innovations which have improved the printing technology from
nineteenth century onwards.
4. Describe any five strategies developed by the printers and publishers in the 19 th century
to sell their products.
5. Mention some of the innovations which has improved the printing technology after the
17th century.