Career Prediction System Using Machine Learning
1st Rohit Mishra 2nd Dr. Amit Kumar Tiwari
Computer Science Engineering Computer Science Engineering
United Institute of Technology United Institute of Technology
Prayagraj, India Prayagraj, India
4th Pranav Dubey 5th Khushi Agarwal
Computer Science Engineering Computer Science Engineering
United Institute of Technology United Institute of Technology
Prayagraj, India Prayagraj, India
pranavdubey2002@gmail.com sgnkhushi07@gmail.com
Abstract—The great majority of students worldwide are usu-
ally confused when they complete their upper auxiliary, optional,
and graduation courses and reach the point where they have to
select a suitable career path. Understudies lack the maturity to
fully understand the steps that an individual needs to take to
choose a career path that suits them. As we proceed through
the phases, we realize that each understudy experiences a series
of queries or ways of thinking about what to pursue beyond
the tenth, twelfth, and graduation—which is merely the highest
question of all. Then follows the subsequent agony of wondering
if they possess the necessary foundational skills for the chosen
stream. Our automated career prediction system is used to
predict an individual’s satisfactory employment based on their
performance on a goal test, which is determined by their selected
advantage points. After completing the online assessment that
we have included into our framework, the person will find
themselves selecting the appropriate course, which can also lower
the likelihood that they will choose a career path that is not
suitable for them.
Index Terms—Career Prediction,algorithm,Preprocessing,Data-
driven,Questionnaire.
I. I NTRODUCTION
Students frequently struggle to make well-informed judg-
ments about their future pathways amid the constantly chang-
ing world of school and professional options. Combining
career counseling with Machine Learning (ML) techniques
has become a potential way to offer individualized insights
and predictions by letting individuals know and understand
their capabilities and talents . In order to provide students with
personalized recommendations at crucial points in their aca-
demic journeys, such as when they are graduating, changing
from the tenth and twelveth grades, this research paper will
investigate the creation and application of a Career Prediction
System that makes use of Machine Learning algorithms. [1]
Career counseling has historically placed a strong emphasis on
general assessments and standardized examinations, frequently
ignoring the unique talents, interests, and possibilities that
arise in a variety of professional fields. Through the examina-
tion of extensive datasets that include academic achievement,
extracurricular pursuits, interests, and career prospects, ma-
3rd Adarsh Pandey
Computer Science Engineering
United Institute of Technology
Prayagraj, India
adarshpandey721@gmail.com
6th Sanchi Srivastava
Computer Science Engineering
United Institute of Technology
Prayagraj, India
sanchisrivastava1423@gmail.com
chine learning algorithms are able to identify complex patterns
that forecast prospective career pathways that correspond with
a student’s profile.
Furthermore, the paper will highlight the practical implications
of such a system within educational institutions and guidance
counseling setups. It will showcase how this technology can
empower students by providing them with comprehensive
insights, thereby assisting them in charting a well-informed
and fulfilling career path. [2]In essence, the integration of
Machine Learning in career prediction has the potential to
revolutionize traditional career guidance methods, offering
students personalized, data-driven recommendations.
II. L ITRATURE S URVEY
Using categorization, a performance improvement forecast
Ibrahim M. Mohammed and Alaa M. El-Halees This study
uses a case study including graduate student data from Khany-
ounis College of Science and Technology to examine the
educational use of data mining. [3] The information spans
fifteen years, from 1993 to 2007. It demonstrated the types
of data that could be gathered, how to preprocess the data,
how to use data mining techniques on the data, and how to
use the knowledge that was revealed. The data can be used
to uncover a wide range of knowledge. The most popular
ones—association rules, classification, clustering, and outlier
detection—were examined in this work. The techniques are
applied on using the Rapid Miner program techniques on the
data set of the graduate student.
In the research paper titled ’Career Interest Prediction’ au-
thored by Shahane P et.al in 2022, the focus revolves around
addressing challenges pertaining to student career decisions
and forecasting academic performance. Machine learning tech-
niques are employed as a support system to aid students in
making informed decisions regarding specialization choices,
graduate-level course selections, and forecasting suitable ca-
reer paths. [4]
In the paper titled ’Intelligent Career Guidance System’ au-
thored by Shinde N et. al in 2022, a sophisticated computerized
career counseling system is introduced. This system aims to
predict the most suitable department for an individual based on
their skills assessed through an objective test. The entire sys-
tem is built using the Python programming language, utilizing
the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm for classification
purposes. KNN operates by determining the distances between
each neighbor to classify the target values effectively. The
researchers have successfully implemented a web application
leveraging the KNN algorithm to classify candidates’ skill sets
and predict the most appropriate department based on the
candidate’s performance. This innovative approach presents
a valuable contribution to automating and streamlining the
process of guiding individuals towards career paths that align
with their skill sets and strengths. [5]
In the research paper titled ’Career Prediction’ authored by
Deshpande S et. al in 2021, an automated career guidance
system is introduced to predict the most fitting field of study
for an individual based on their abilities assessed through
an objective evaluation. The implementation of this system
relies on the Python programming language, where the pri-
mary classification technique employed is the Naive Bayes
algorithm. Naive Bayes is used extensively in implementing
career guidance by categorizing candidates’ skill sets and pre-
dicting an appropriate department based on their performance.
Moreover, the researchers have successfully developed a web
application using the Naive Bayes algorithm, which facilitates
the classification of candidates’ abilities and forecasts suitable
career paths aligned with their strengths. This innovative use
of machine learning techniques through the Naive Bayes algo-
rithm offers a promising approach to guide individuals toward
career paths that resonate with their abilities and proficiencies.
[6]
In the research paper titled ’Career Guidance System’ by
Daharwal A. et.al in 2020, the primary aim is to provide
guidance to students by uncovering their hidden key skills
through a standardized system. This system takes inputs from
a graphical user interface (GUI), [7] processes the information,
and provides recommendations for three job fields based
on the user’s input. The algorithm utilized in this system
is the Naive Bayes algorithm, known for its simplicity in
constructing classifiers and models that assign class labels
represented as vectors of feature values. By leveraging Naive
Bayes, the system evaluates user-provided data, achieving
an accuracy rate of 83 percent. Additionally, the researchers
have developed a website interface that enables users to input
their data, the system then processes this information using
the Naive Bayes algorithm, [8] calculates the output, and
presents the recommended job fields back to the user. This
integration of machine learning techniques and a user-friendly
web interface marks a significant advancement in providing
tailored career guidance to students by unveiling their potential
job fields based on their hidden key skills. [9]
The implementations within this study utilize a combination
of Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees, and XG
Boost algorithms. These algorithms collectively contribute to
the process of evaluating user-provided data. Specifically, the
SVM and Decision Tree algorithms have demonstrated an
accuracy rate of 85 percent in analyzing the data.
III. M ETHODOLOGY
• Data collection: Data collection involves gathering and
measuring information about variables of interest in a
systematic manner. This process enables the exploration
of research questions, testing hypotheses, and evaluating
outcomes. Students will either register or log in to the
site. New users must register first, while existing users can
log in directly. Students then select their desired field for
the test, such as 10th, 12th, or graduation (engineering).
[10]After selecting their field, students can proceed to
take the assessment associated with their chosen category.
[11]
• Data Labeling: In machine learning, data labeling is
the act of identifying raw data and attaching meaningful
labels to provide context. This enables a machine learning
model to learn from the data. Each student is labeled
based on their responses to the questionnaire they have
attempted.
• Data Preprocessing: Data preprocessing involves clean-
ing, transforming, and integrating data to make it suitable
for analysis. The goal is to enhance data quality and adapt
it for the specific data mining task. Categorical data is
converted into a numerical format. For example, students
with high scores in mathematics and logical ability in
class 10th can opt for the PCM stream. Missing data is
handled if necessary.
• Train-Test Split: The dataset is divided into a training
set and a testing set. The training set is used to train the
machine learning model, while the testing set is employed
to evaluate its performance.
• Model Selection: The chosen algorithm for this process
is the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm due to its
simplicity and effectiveness in classification problems.
KNN assumes similarity between new and available
cases, placing the new case into the category most similar
to the available ones.
• Model Training: The KNN model is trained using the
training set, allowing it to learn patterns and relationships
between student responses and their labels.
• Model Evaluation: The model’s performance is assessed
on the testing set using metrics such as accuracy, preci-
sion, recall, and F1 score. F1 score quantifies the model’s
accuracy in a single value.
• Prediction: Using the trained KNN model, predictions
are made based on new students’ responses to the career
prediction form (questionnaire). [12]
• Result Visualization: Results are visualized graphically,
using charts like pie charts or bar charts, to provide a
clear representation of how students’ anticipated skills
align with the predicted career options suggested by the
model.
 Fig. 1. Work Flow Diagram
IV. R ESULT
After implementing the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) al-
gorithm in our career guidance system based on the dif-
ferent questionnaires test, the results showcase promising
accuracy and effectiveness in recommending suitable career
paths. Utilizing the data collected from students’ responses
to questionnaires, specifically focusing on their interests and
personality traits derived from the questions, our trained KNN
model demonstrates notable accuracy in suggesting relevant
career options. The algorithm’s ability to identify similarities
in personality traits among users and map these to successful
career trajectories is evident, resulting in personalized and
insightful recommendations. Through rigorous training on
a diverse dataset encompassing various personality profiles,
the KNN model efficiently captures patterns and similarities,
enabling it to provide tailored career suggestions to new users
based on their unique characteristics.
Comparative analysis with other machine learning algo-
rithms used for career guidance highlights the strengths of
the KNN approach. The KNN algorithm, while differing
in performance compared to alternative methods, exhibits
commendable accuracy and robustness in predicting suitable
career paths based on qustionnaires attributes. Its reliance on
proximity-based similarity measurements allows for a user-
centric approach, offering recommendations aligned with in-
dividuals’ personalities. This result emphasizes the efficacy
of the KNN algorithm as an integral component of our career
guidance system, providing valuable insights and personalized
career suggestions to users, thereby enhancing the overall user
experience and utility of our platform in assisting individuals
in their career decision-making process.
 Table 1: Calculated Accuracy Score and Execution Time for each classifier

V. C ONCLUSION [6] S. Deshpande, P. Gupta, N. Singh, and D. Kadam, “Prediction of suitable

career for students using machine learning,” International Research
In conclusion, the research paper on the ”Career Prediction Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 8, no. 02, 2021.
System using machine learning” employing the K-Nearest [7] D. A. Waldman and T. Korbar, “Student assessment center performance
in the prediction of early career success,” Academy of Management
Neighbor (KNN) algorithm represents a significant stride to- Learning & Education, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 151–167, 2004.
wards precision and individualization in career guidance. KNN [8] R. Sadasivam, S. Paramasivam, and M. Saravanan, “Students career
makes it possible to carefully categorize students according to prediction.”
[9] K. S. Roy, K. Roopkanth, V. U. Teja, V. Bhavana, and J. Priyanka,
their understandings, skill sets, guaranteeing that suggestions “Student career prediction using advanced machine learning techniques,”
are made in accordance with each person’s special abilities International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 7, no. 2.20, pp.
and strengths. The project’s capacity to use machine learning 26–29, 2018.
[10] A. S. Ebenehi, A. M. Rashid, and A. R. Bakar, “Predictors of career
techniques to generate predictions that are more accurate than adaptability skill among higher education students in nigeria,” Inter-
those made by conventional career guidance systems is what national Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training
makes it successful. By utilizing KNN, the system generates (IJRVET), vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 212–229, 2016.
[11] P. Gavhane, D. Shinde, A. Lomte, N. Nattuva, and S. Mandhane, “Ca-
a dynamic and individualized recommendation mechanism by reer path prediction using machine learning classification techniques,”
taking into account a students’ skill sets proximity to other Volume 8, Issue 3 of International Journal of Scientific Research in
candidates in the dataset. Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2021.
[12] P. A. Creed, W. Patton, and L.-A. Prideaux, “Predicting change over
This research demonstrates how machine learning has the time in career planning and career exploration for high school students,”
potential to transform career guidance and give people the Journal of adolescence, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 377–392, 2007.
knowledge and insight they need to make more informed
decisions about their educational and professional paths as
they navigate an increasingly complex professional landscape.

R EFERENCES
[1] N. VidyaShreeram and A. Muthukumaravel, “Student career prediction
using machine learning approaches,” in First International Conference
on Computing, Communication and Control System, 2021, p. 444.
[2] A. Sinha, A. Singh et al., “Student career prediction using algorithms of
machine learning,” Ashish, Student Career Prediction Using Algorithms
Of Machine Learning (May 6, 2023), 2023.
[3] N. VidyaShreeram and A. Muthukumaravel, “Student career prediction
using machine learning approaches,” in First International Conference
on Computing, Communication and Control System, 2021, p. 444.
[4] M. Reddy, “Career prediction system,” International Journal of Scientific
Research in Science and Technology, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 54–58, 2021.
[5] S. Sengupta, A. Banerjee, and S. Chakrabarti, “Prediction of future
career path using different machine learning models,” in Emerging
Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security: Proceedings of
IEMIS 2020, Volume 3. Springer, 2021, pp. 241–252.