11/261003 REFR : I

MATLAB Laboratory # KVL, KCL and Nodal Analysis

Activity #1 Nodal Analysis
Nodal Analysis is a way to calculate the node voltages and device currents for any linear circuit. That is
amazing since some other techniques only work for certain kinds of circuits (series and parallel resistors,
for example) and some techniques are easy to apply for some circuits and very difficult for others. In this
activity, you are going to write the nodal analysis equations for the circuit in Figure 1. You will use
variables, i.e., node voltages, to write the equations You will also use device parameters, i.e., resistor
values and voltage source value.

R1
Us IRS
V4 4 1.5 k
IRI
1 &

R2
3.9 k
JIRL R3
2.2 k
Vsource R6
2.7 k ↑ IRS
10 V
Vz 2 3 Uz
R4 ↓FR4 [R6 ↓ IR5
R5 Us
1.0 k 3.3 k

0
VoIP
Figure 1. Circuit Schematic. Show node voltages and resistor currents on this figure.

1. Consider the circuit in Figure 1. You will write 1 equation for every node except ground so you will

4
write _____ equations. -

2. Because one terminal of the voltage source is connected to ground, the node voltage at node 4 is
known and is the first equation: ↑

V4 = lo
To reduce the number of equations by 1, substitute this value of V4 in all the other equations.

3. Now consider node 1. There are 3 devices connected to node 1: R1, R2, and R3. You must account for
the current in each device. According to the current directions you used in Figure 1, identify whether
the currents are entering or leaving the node.

IR1 entering leaving IR2 entering leaving IR3 entering leaving

IR, entering D leaving& IR2 entering& leaving B IRs entering & leaving
D
Write these currents in terms of the node voltages:

If entering node 1, IR1 = (V4 – V1) / 1.5 k

Page 1 of 2
 If leaving node 1, IR1 = (V1 – V4) / 1.5 k

If entering node 1, IR2 = (V2 – V1) / 3.9 k

If leaving node 1, IR2 = (V1 – V2) / 3.9 k

Now, write the equation for IR3 in terms of the node voltages:

If entering node 1, IR3 =

If leaving node 1, IR3 = e V -

:2 kut
2
Us

Now, using the current directions in your Figure 1, put the currents in terms of the node voltages on
the appropriate side of the equation:

Ientering = Ileaving

IR

=
IRa + Ins f N :
+
o

4. Now consider node 2 and, using the current directions in your Figure 1, put the currents in terms of
the node voltages on the appropriate side of the equation:

Ientering = Ileaving

Im =
Imp I +
= No =

e + .
5. Write the nodal analysis equation for node 3:

Ientering = Ileaving

IN =
IRs IRs
+ +
AU3 = +t K

6. Now write these equations in matrix form, G · V = S. The left hand matrix (G) is 3 × 3 with some
entries being 0. The right hand side is a 3 × 1 vector (S). The unknown vector (V) represents the 3
unknown node voltages.

  V1   
 
V   
  2   
  V   
   3   
7. Now solve the equations. You NEED TO DO this BOTH by hand AND using the Matlab file (show
your matlab scripts), solve 3 × 3.m.

Page 2 of 2
* E* equations EF FE ) F :

10-U /
- Trz +
H

I+
=

1 5
. 3 . 9 2 . 2

e
VI-Uz
9
V2-Us

-
(its-sta-ct) Wi +
st U + i Us =

I sta
cY
vi +
1st
<Un
-

1 +
2) U2 ztVs
- = 0

+ +
( -sts)Vs = 0

E 1,38 U1 + 0 26 Uz + 0
45Uz 6 6)

I
~
. -

= ,
,

0 . 26 VI -

089Vz -0 .
310 = 0

0 . 46V , + 0. 3) U2 -
0. 6) Us = 0

8) ) e
list 0. 26

↑
=
~

t
Ocd6 -

0289
0 . 46 0 . 3)

VI = 3 .
978 U2 :
2.98U Us = -

4 , 37V
Matlab &4 Ethi
a=[-1.38 0.26 0.45; 0.26 -0.89 -0.37; 0.46 0.37 0.67]

sol=[-6.67; 0 ;0]
a\sol
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