1.

Uyên:As fossil fuel sources such as coal and oil become increasingly depleted, causing
serious environmental pollution, forcing countries around the world to promote
restructuring of the energy industry towards clean and sustainable . Renewable energy
is being considered an inevitable solution and trend in the energy industry today in the
world. Developing renewable energy sources is gradually occupying an important
position in sustainable economic development in countries, due to the great benefits in
making the most of endless natural resources (such as wind, sun...) , as well as
contributing to reducing the impact of the greenhouse effect and climate change.

2 Ly: Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished and can
be used without depleting their finite reserves. These energy sources are considered
environmentally friendly because they typically have lower carbon emissions and a
smaller ecological footprint compared to fossil fuels. The main types of renewable
energy sources include: solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, hydrogen energy,
geothermal energy, ocean energy and hydropower energy. Next , my group will present
about hydrogen energy.

3. KHÁNH: Hydrogen energy is derived from the chemical element hydrogen .Hydrogen is
the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, with the chemical
symbol H and atomic number 1. It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas composed
of one proton and one electron. Hydrogen is the primary building block of the universe,
and it plays a crucial role in various natural processes.
In its molecular form (H2), hydrogen exists as a diatomic gas, meaning it consists of two
hydrogen atoms bonded together. Hydrogen is highly flammable when mixed with
oxygen, and it can burn with a clean, hot flame, making it an important fuel source.
Hydrogen is of great interest in the field of energy because it can be used as a clean and
efficient energy carrier, particularly when it is produced using renewable energy sources
or through processes that do not release greenhouse gases. It has a wide range of
applications, from powering fuel cells to being used as a feedstock in industrial processes
and transportation.

4. LY: Production methods of hydrogen:

- Steam methane reforming: The most common method, where natural gas reacts with steam
to produce hydrogen.

- Electrolysis: Water is separated into hydrogen and oxygen using an electric current.

- Biomass gasification: Biomass materials are converted into hydrogen-rich gas through a
thermochemical process.

5.Ly

applications of hydrogen

Hydrogen has a wide range of applications across various sectors due to its versatility as a
clean energy carrier. Here are some key applications of hydrogen:
Transportation:

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs): Hydrogen can be used as a fuel in fuel cell vehicles. In an
FCV, hydrogen is combined with oxygen from the air in a fuel cell to produce electricity, which
powers an electric motor to propel the vehicle. FCVs offer long driving ranges and rapid
refueling, making them suitable for various transportation needs.Hydrogen-Powered Buses and
Trucks: Hydrogen fuel cell technology is also used in buses and trucks, providing zero-emission
options for public transportation and freight transportation.

Industry:

Petroleum Refining: Hydrogen is a crucial component in the petroleum refining process, where it
is used to remove impurities from crude oil and produce cleaner fuels.Ammonia Production:
Hydrogen is a key ingredient in the production of ammonia, which is used to make
fertilizers.Methanol Production: Hydrogen is used to produce methanol, which serves as a
feedstock for various chemical processes.

Power Generation:

Fuel Cells: Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity. Fuel cells are highly
efficient and produce electricity with minimal emissions, making them suitable for stationary
power generation in homes, businesses, and industries.

Gas Turbines: Hydrogen can be burned in gas turbines to generate electricity. This can be
particularly useful for providing backup power and supporting grid stability.

Heat and Cogeneration:

Combined Heat and Power (CHP): Hydrogen can be used in CHP systems, where it is
converted into both electricity and heat. This is highly energy-efficient and is used in various
industrial and residential settings.

Energy Storage:

Hydrogen Energy Storage: Hydrogen can be used for energy storage, particularly for long-
duration energy storage and grid balancing. Excess electricity generated from renewable
sources (e.g., wind and solar) can be used to produce hydrogen through electrolysis. This
hydrogen can then be stored and later converted back into electricity or used for other
applications when energy demand is high.

Aviation:Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft: Research is ongoing to explore the use of hydrogen as a

potential fuel for aircraft, aiming to reduce emissions in the aviation industry.

Space Exploration:

Rocket Propulsion: Hydrogen has been used as a propellant in rocket engines for space
exploration due to its high energy content and clean combustion.

Homes and Residential Use:

Hydrogen for Heating: Hydrogen can be used for residential heating and cooking, providing an
alternative to natural gas in areas with hydrogen infrastructure.

6.quan Advantages of hydrogen energy:

- Zero emissions: Hydrogen produces no greenhouse gases or pollutants when used in fuel
cells or clean combustion processes.

- Versatility: Hydrogen can be used in various sectors, including transportation, electricity

generation, and industrial applications.

- Energy density: Hydrogen has a high energy content per unit of weight, making it suitable for
energy storage and long-range transportation.

- Renewable potential: Hydrogen can be produced from renewable sources, such as wind and
solar power, making it a sustainable energy option.

7.uyen Challenges and limitations of hydrogen energy:

- Production and distribution: Establishing a hydrogen infrastructure requires significant

investment and development of efficient distribution networks.

- Storage: Hydrogen has low energy density when compressed, requiring advanced storage
technologies for practical use.

- Cost: Current hydrogen production methods can be expensive, but advancements and
scaling up can help reduce costs.

- Safety considerations: Hydrogen is highly flammable and requires strict safety measures
during production, storage, and transportation.

8. Future Prospects of Hydrogen Energy

1. Growth of Hydrogen Industry

The hydrogen industry is poised for significant growth in the coming decades.

Factors driving growth include increased demand for clean energy, decarbonization efforts, and
technological advancements.

Investments in hydrogen infrastructure, production, and applications are expected to expand the
industry's footprint.

2. Role in Achieving Climate Goals

Hydrogen is a key player in global efforts to combat climate change.

Green hydrogen, produced using renewable energy, holds immense potential to reduce carbon
emissions across sectors.
Hydrogen can facilitate the integration of intermittent renewable sources, enabling a more
reliable and sustainable energy system.

3. Innovation and Research

Ongoing innovation is crucial to unlock the full potential of hydrogen energy.

Research areas include improving hydrogen production methods, storage technologies, and
safety measures.

Collaboration between governments, industries, and research institutions will drive

advancements.

4. Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier

Hydrogen's versatility as an energy carrier will continue to evolve. It will play a significant role in
sectors such as transportation, industry, and power generation.

Fuel cell technology and hydrogen applications will mature, offering cleaner and more efficient
solutions.

5. Hydrogen Export and International Trade

Some regions with abundant renewable resources may become major exporters of hydrogen,
creating new global trade dynamics.

Hydrogen can be an energy bridge, fostering international cooperation in achieving climate

targets.

6. Regulatory Support and Policy

Governments worldwide are expected to introduce policies and incentives to promote hydrogen
adoption.

Supportive regulatory frameworks will encourage private sector investments and innovation.

9.Ly: In conclusion, hydrogen energy is on the cusp of a transformative era. It will play a
pivotal role in the transition to a sustainable, low-carbon future, addressing climate goals and
providing clean energy solutions across various sectors. Research and innovation, along with
collaborative efforts, will drive the growth and impact of the hydrogen industry in the coming
years.

That’s all we want to say about hydrogen energy

May I thank you all for being such an attentive audience you .And now if there are any
questions, I would be pleased to answer them.