Unit 04 Leadership and Management

1 - Leadership and Management theories and principles , and their impact

on the effectiveness of an organization - I

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By the end of this unit a student will be able to:

▪ LO1: Examine leadership and management theories and principles, and their
impact on the effectiveness of an organisation

▪ LO2: Review the influence of different leadership and management styles on the
culture of organisations

▪ LO3: Develop a motivational strategy to optimise organisational performance

▪ LO4: Apply leadership and management approaches to managing performance to

ensure continuous improvement.

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Pass and merit and distinction criteria For
this section
▪ P1 Discuss different theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in
different organizations.

▪ P2 Explore different theories of management in relation to the management and

leadership activities in different organizations.

▪ M1 Analyze the impact of the application of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large organization.

▪ D1 Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management.

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Learning outcomes and assessment criteria
Pass Merit Distinction
LO1: Examine leadership and management theories and principles, LO 1 & LO 2
and their impact on the effectiveness of an organisation

P1 Discuss different theories of M1 Analyze the impact of the D1 Critically evaluate the impact of
leadership in relation to the application of leadership and different approaches to leadership
management activities in management theories on the and management.
different organizations. effectiveness of a large
organization.
P2 Explore different theories of
management in relation to the
management and leadership
activities in different
organizations.

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1.1. Definitions of management

▪ 1.1.1 What management is

▪ 1.1.2 What managers should do
▪ 1.1.3 Key Roles of management
▪ 1.1.4 Key skills and competence of management
▪ 1.1.5. Management activities
▪ 1.1.6. Approaches to management

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1.1.1 What management is..
▪ Management is the process of coordinating people and other
resources efficiently and effectively to achieve organizational goals
and objectives.
▪ It is the art of getting work done through others.

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Management theory by Henry
Fayol
Henri Fayol identified 5 functions
of management.
▪ Planning
▪ Organizing
▪ Commanding
▪ Coordinating
▪ Controlling

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▪ 1.Planning
The planning function of a manager is very important. It helps formulate strategies
that can address the various opportunities presented by the future.
▪ 2.Organizing
The second and most important function of a manager is to organize the workforce
in an efficient manner.

▪ 3.Commanding
Authority and supervision are key factors that managers must use in their daily
work.

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▪ 4.Coordinating
Each manager must match the activities and procedures of the
organization in order to develop the work of the other team members.

▪ 5.Controlling

The evaluation and control of employees is the last function of a

management theory. It coordinates and ensures that the work of all
employees is carried out in a proper manner.

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1.1.2 What managers should do

1.Set objectives and decides what work needs to be done

2.Organizes work into manageable activities and determines who will do what

3.Motivate staff to complete the work and communicates feedback and guidance
to them

4.Establishes targets to interpret performance

5.Develpos employee skills and talents

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 1.1.3 Key Roles of management
▪ Each day, a manager must play various roles in order to be effective. This is the
basis of a manager's job.

▪ Henri Mintzberg has identified ten roles common to the work of all managers.
The ten roles are divided into three groups.
1.Interpersonal
2.Informational
3.Decisional

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▪ Interpersonal Roles
This topic focuses on the behavior of the manager and the various duties that
they perform.
The three interpersonal roles include;
Figurehead
Manager is expected to be a role model and inspiration for people. People look up to
them as an authority figurehead, and they have ceremonial responsibilities.
Leader
At any level, a manager must provide leadership and build relationships with his or her
team members in order to develop and sustain effective results.
Liaison
In this role, the manager must also maintain and communicate with external contacts.

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▪ Informational Roles
These roles are focused on processing and storing information.
The 3 informational roles include;
Monitor
This role requires the Manager to regularly seek out information about the organization and
industry, in order to improve their work environment.
Disseminator
In this role, the Manager is responsible for communicating important information to the team
and the clients.
Spokesperson
This role provides the organization with information about its goals and operations. The manager
then communicate this information to the outside world.

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▪ Decisional Roles
The interpersonal role of a manager leads to decisional roles. These roles are typically performed
by managers and are responsible for making decisions.
The four decisional roles include;
Entrepreneur
As a manager, he /she can create and implement new ideas and improve the existing ones. They
can motivate and develop employees by looking for new ideas and innovative ways to work.
Disturbance handler
In this role, the manager must act when the organization goes through significant difficulties.
They must be able to handle team conflicts and emotions.
Resource allocator
The manager is the one who distributes the various resources of the organization. This role
allows the manager to learn how to manage a budget, prioritize, and make the most of the
available resources.
Negotiator
This role requires extensive time and energy to negotiate important decisions for the
organization.

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THANK YOU!

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