Bulacan State University

College of Law

SYLLABUS IN LABOR RELATIONS

I. Employer-Employee Relationship, Kinds of Employment, and Job Contracting

A. Tests to Determine Employer-Employee Relationship

• ABS-CBN v. Magno, G.R. No. 203876, March 29, 2022
• Bulanon v. Mendco Development Corporation, et al., G.R. No. 219637, April
26, 2023
• Degamo v. My Citihomes (Citihomes Builder & Development
Corporation), et al., G.R. No. 249737, September 15, 2021

B. Kinds of Employment
1. Regular
• Del Rosario, et al. v. ABS-CBN Corporation, et al., G.R. Nos. 202481,
202495, 202497, 210165, 219125, 222057, 224879, 225101, and 225874,
September 8, 2020
2. Casual
3.Project
• Santor, et al. v. Arlo Aluminum Comp., Inc., G.R. No. 234691, December
07, 2022
4.Seasonal
• Espina v. Highlands Camp/Rawlings Foundation, Inc., G.R. Nos. 220935
and 219868, July 28, 2020
5. Fixed-Term
• Paragele, et al. v. GMA Network, Inc., G.R. No. 235315, July 13, 2020
• Arlene Palgan v. Holy Name University, G.R. No. 219916, February 10,
2021
6. Probationary
• Adstratworld Holdings, Inc., et al. v. Magallones, et al., G.R. No.
233679, July 6, 2022

C. Legitimate Contracting vs. Labor-Only Contracting

1. Elements
• Caballero v. Vikings Commissary, et. al., G.R. No. 238859, 19 October
2022

• Serman Cooperative v. Montarde, G.R. Nos. 246760-61 and 246764-65,

December 09, 2020

• MCC-ELU-OLALIA v. MCC and MSI, G.R. Nos. 242495-96, September

16, 2020

• Luces, et al. v. Coca-cola Bottlers Phils., Inc., et al., G.R. No. 213816,
December 02, 2020
2. Trilateral Relationship
3. Solidary Liability

II. Labor Relations

A. Introduction to Labor Relations

1. Declaration of Policy, Book V (Article 218)

2. Definition of Labor Relations

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3. Definition of the following terms based on Article 219

3.1 Employer
3.2 Employee
3.3 Labor Organization
3.4 Legitimate Labor Organization
3.5 Company Union
3.6 Bargaining Representative
3.7. Unfair Labor Practice
3.8 Managerial Employee
3.9 Strike
3.10 Lockout

4. Right to Self-Organization

• Samahan ng Manggagawa Sa Hanjin Shipyard v. Bureau of Labor Relations,

G.R. No. 211145, October 14, 2015

5. Persons who can exercise the right to self-organization

6. Persons who cannot exercise the right to self-organization

• Tunay na Pagkakaisa ng Manggagawa sa Asia Brewery v. Asia Brewery, Inc.,
G.R. No. 162025, August 3, 2010
• Metrolab Industries v. Confesor, G.R. No. 108855, February 28, 1996

7. Law for the exercise of the right to organize of government employees in the Civil
Service

7.1 Policy

Section 1, Rule II, Amended Rules and Regulations Governing the Exercise of
the Right of Government Employees to Organize, dated September 28, 2004

7.2 Who may join employees’ organizations in the public sector

Section 2, Rule II, Amended Rules and Regulations Governing the Exercise of
the Right of Government Employees to Organize, dated September 28, 2004

7.3 Eligibility for membership in employees’ organization

Section 2, Rule II, Amended Rules and Regulations Governing the Exercise of
the Right of Government Employees to Organize, dated September 28, 2004

7.4 Those not eligible to join employees’ organizations in the public sector

Section 2, Rule II, Amended Rules and Regulations Governing the Exercise of
the Right of Government Employees to Organize, dated September 28, 2004

7.5 Terms and conditions of employment which are subject of negotiation

Section 1, Rule XII, Amended Rules and Regulations Governing the Exercise
of the Right of Government Employees to Organize, dated September 28,
2004

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 • Jacinto v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 124540, November 14, 1997

7.6 The rule on collective bargaining agreements and collective negotiation

agreements in government-owned or controlled corporations

• GSIS Family Bank Employees Union, represented by its President Ms.

Judith Jocelyn Martinez v. Sec. Cesar L. Villanueva (in his capacity as
the Chairman of the Governance Commission for Government-Owned
or Controlled Corporations under the Office of the President), G.R.
No. 210773, January 23, 2019
8. Separation of Unions Doctrine

9. Effect of Inclusion as members of employees outside of the bargaining unit

• Coca-Cola FEMSA Philippines, Inc. v. Central Luzon Regional Sales

Executive Union of Coca-Cola San Fernando (FDO) Plant, G.R. No. 233300,
September 03, 2020

10. How a union is organized

• San Miguel Corp. Employees Union-PTGWO v. San Miguel Packaging

Employees Union-PDMP, G.R. No. 171153, September 12, 2007
• Eagle Ridge Golf and Country Club v. CA, G.R. No. 178989, March 18, 2010

11. Affiliation and Disaffiliation

11.1 Purpose of affiliation

• Philippine Skylanders, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Commission,
G.R. No. 127374 and G.R. No. 127431, January 31, 2002

11.2 The right to disaffiliate of local union

• National Union of Bank Employees v. Philnabank Employees
Association (PEMA), G.R. No. 174287, August 12, 2013

11.3 Effects of disaffiliation

a. On union’s legal personality
• Villar v. Inciong, G.R. No. L-50283-84, April 20, 1983
• Cirtek Employees Labor Union-Federation of Free Workers v.
Cirtek Electronics, Inc., G.R. No. 190515, June 6, 2001

b. On union dues
• National Union of Bank Employees v. Philnabank Employees
Association (PEMA), G.R. No. 174287, August 12, 2013

c. On union security clause

• Tropical Hut Employees’ Union-CGW v. Tropical Hut Food
Market, Inc., G.R. No. L-43495-99, January 20, 1990

d. On CBA
• ELISCO-ELIROL LABOR UNION (NAFLU) v. Noriel, G.R.
No. L-41955 December 29, 1977

B. Bargaining Unit

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 1. Tests to Determine an Appropriate Collective Bargaining Unit

• San Miguel Corporation Supervisors and Exempt Employees Union v. Laguesma,

G.R. 110399, August 15, 1997
• University of the Philippines v. Ferrer-Calleja, G.R. No. 96189, July 14, 1992
• St. James School of Quezon City v. Samahang Mangagawa sa St. James School of
Quezon City, G.R. No. 151326, November 23, 2005

C. Bargaining Representative

1. Sole and Exclusive Bargaining Agent

2. Certification Election

• Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company v. The Lepanto Capataz Union, G.R.

No. 157086, February 18, 2013

3. Bar Rules

4. Double Majority Rule

5. Consent Election

6. Run-off Election

7. Re-run Election

D. Rights of Labor Organizations

1. Check-off

2. Assessment

3. Agency Fees

4. Collective Bargaining
• Philippine Bank of Communications Employees Association (PBCEA) v.
Philippine Bank of Communications, G.R. No. 250839, September 14, 2022

E. Union Security Clause

• BPI Employees Union -Davao City – FUBU v. BPI, G.R. No. 174912, July
24, 2013
• NUWHRAIN-Manila Hotel Pavilion Chapter v. NLRC, G.R. No. 179402,
September 30, 2008

F. Unfair Labor Practice (ULP)

• T&H Shopfitters Corp./Gin Queen Corp. v. T&H Shopfitters Corp., G.R. No.
191714, February 16, 2014
• Ren Transport Corp. v. NLRC. G.R. Nos. 188020-188252, June 27, 2016
• SPC Power Corporation, et al. v. Santos, G.R. No. 202379, July 27, 2020

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 • San Fernando Coca-Cola Rank-and-File Union (SACORU) v. Coca-Cola
Bottlers Philippines, Inc. (CCBPI), G.R. No. 200499, October 4, 2017

• Foodbev International v. Ferrer, et al., G.R. No. 206795, September 16,

2019

G. Peaceful and Concerted Activities

1. Strikes

• NUWHRAIN-IUF Dusit Hotel Nikko Chapter v. CA, G.R. Nos. 163942 and
166295, November 11, 2008
• Naranjo v. Biomedica, G.R. No. 193789, September 19, 2012
• Biflex Philippines, Inc. Labor Union v. Fileflex, G.R. No. 155679, December
19, 2006

2. Picketing

3. Lockouts

4. Assumption of Jurisdiction by the Secretary of Labor

5. Injunctions

III. Telecommuting Act

A. Definition (Sec. 3)
B. Telecommuting Program (Sec. 4)
C. Fair Treatment (Sec. 5)

IV. Post-Employment

A. Resignation

• Tacis v. Shields Security Services, Inc., G. R. No. 234575, July 7, 2021

• Central Azucarera De Bais, Inc. v. Siason, G.R. No. 215555, July 29, 2015

B. Constructive Dismissal

• Cornworld Breeding Systems Corporation v. Hon. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.

204075, August 17, 2022
• Every Nation Language Institute (ENLI) And Ralph Martin Ligon v. Dela
Cruz, G.R. No. 225100, February 19, 2020

C. Just Causes for Termination

1. Serious Misconduct

• Imasen v. Alcon, G.R. No. 194884, October 22, 2014

• Adamson University Faculty and Employees Union, Represented by Its President,
and Orestes Delos Reyes v. Adamson University, G.R. No. 227070, March 09,
2020
• Ocampo, Jr. v. International Ship Crew Management Phils., Inc., et. al., G.R. No.
232062, April 26, 2021
• Chua-Qua v. Clave, G.R. No. 49549, August 30, 1990

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 • Santos, Jr. v. NLRC, G.R No. 115795, March 6, 1998
• Leus v. St. Scholastica’s College Westgrove, G.R. No. 187226, January 28, 2015
• Musahamat Workers Labor Union-1-Alu v. Musahamat Farms, Inc. Farm 1, G.R.
No. 240184, July 6, 2022

2. Insubordination or Willful Disobedience

• Kakampi and Its Members v. Kingsport, G.R. No. 194813, April 25, 2012

3. Gross and Habitual Neglect of Duties

• Rustan Commercial Corporation v. Raysag, et. al., G.R. No. 219664, 12 May
2021
• LBC Express - Metro Manila, Inc. v. Mateo, G.R. NO. 168215, June 9, 2009
• St. Luke’s Medical Center v. Notario, G.R. No. 152166, October 20, 2010

4. Abandonment of Work

• JS Unitrade Merchandise, Inc. v. Samson, Jr., G.R. No. 200405, February 26,
2020

5. Fraud

• Diamond Motors Corporation v. CA, G.R. No. 151981, December 1, 2003

6. Willful Breach of Trust and Confidence

• Alvarez v. Golden Tri Bloc, Inc., G.R. No. 202158, September 25, 2013
• P.J. Lhuillier, Inc. v. Velayo, G.R. No. 198620, November 12, 2014
• JR Hauling Services v. Solamo, et al., G.R. No. 214294, September 30, 2020
• Wensha Spa Center, Inc. v. Yung, G.R. No. 185122, August 16, 2010

7. Commission of Crime or Offense

8. Other Analogous Causes

• Telephilippines, Inc. v. Jacolbe, G.R. No. 233999, February 18, 2019

9. Totality of Infractions Doctrine

• Villanueva v. Ganco Resort and Recreation, Inc., et al., G.R. No. 227175, January
08, 2020

D. Authorized Causes for Termination

1. Installation of Labor-saving Device

• Soriano, Jr. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 165594, April 23, 2007

2. Redundancy

• Acosta v. Matiere Sas and Philippine Gouvary, G.R. No. 232870, June 3, 2019

3. Retrenchment

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 • Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation (PHILPHOS) v. Mayol, et. al., G.R.
Nos. 205528-29 and 205797-98, December 09, 2020

4. Closure or Cessation of Business Operations

• North Davao Mining Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 112546, March 13, 1996
• Unera, et al. v. Shin Heung Electrodigital, Inc., et al., G.R. No. 228328, March
11, 2020

5. Disease

• Deoferio v. Intel Technology Philippines, Inc., G.R. No. 202996, June 18, 2014
• Omanfil International Manpower Development Corporation & Modh Al-Zoabi
Technical Projects Corp. v. Mesina, G.R. No. 217169, November 04, 2020

E. Termination of Contract of Migrant Workers under R.A. No. 8042, as amended by R.A.
No. 10022

F. Procedural Due Process

• Agabon v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158693, November 17, 2004

• Perez v. PT&T, G.R. No. 152048, April 7, 2009
• King of Kings Transport, Inc. v. Mamac, G.R. No. 166208, June 29, 2007
• Abbott Laboratories, et al. v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 192571, July 23, 2013

G. Preventive Suspension

• Lafuente, et. al. v. Davao Central Warehouse Club, Inc., et. al., G.R. No. 24741, March
17, 2021

H. Reliefs to Illegally Dismissed Employees

• Asian Terminals, Inc. v. Reyes, Jr., G.R. No. 240507, April 28, 2021
• Nippon Express Philippines Corporation v. Daguiso, G.R. No. 217970, June 17, 2020
• Cabug-os, Doing Business under the Name Kem’s Store v. Espina, G.R. No.2287196,
August 8, 2022

I. Retirement

• Anna Mae B. Mateo v. Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils. Inc., G.R. No. 226064, February 17,
2020
• Youngbros Parts Centre, Inc., et. al. v. Taduran, G.R. No. 232527, July 7, 2021
• Halagueña, et al. v. Philippine Airlines, Inc., G.R. No. 243259, January 10, 2023

V. Quitclaim

• HCL Technologies Philippines, Inc. v. Guarin, Jr., G.R No. 246793, March 18,
2021

VI. Management Prerogative

• BPI- Employees Union-Davao City FUBU (BPIEU-Davao City-FUBU) v. Bank

of the Philippine Islands, 174912, July 24, 2013

A. Discipline

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 B. Transfer of Employees
C. Productivity Standard
D. Bonus
E. Change of Working Hours
F. Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications
G. Marriage Between Employees of Competitor-Employers
H. Post-Employment Restrictions

VII. Jurisdiction

A. Overview on Jurisdiction

• Villamaria, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 165881, April 19, 2006
• San Miguel Corporation v. Elcuban, G.R. No. 127639, December 3, 1999

B. Labor Arbiter

• Mendoza v. Officers of Manila Water Employees Union, G.R. No. 201595,

January 25, 2016
• Maneja v. NLRC, G.R. No. 124013, June 5, 1998
• Amoroso, et al. v. Vantage Drilling International and Group of Companies, et
al., G.R. No. 238477, August 8, 2022

C. Jurisdiction over Disputes Involving Alien Parties

• Pakistan International Airlines Corp. v. Ople, G.R. No. 61534, September 28,
1990

D. Jurisdiction over Labor Cases Involving Priests and Ministers

• Austria v. NLRC, G.R. No. 124382, August 16, 1999

• Bishop Shinji Amari of Abiko Baptist Church, Represented by Shinji Amari
and Missionary Baptist Institute and Seminary, Represented By Its Director
Joel P. Nepomuceno v. Villaflor, Jr., G.R. No. 224521, February 17, 2020

E. Jurisdiction over Cases of Employees of Cooperatives

• Uson v. PLDT Employees Credit Cooperative, et al., G.R. No. 253149, February
08, 2023

F. Jurisdiction over Counterclaims of Employers

• Milan v. NLRC, G.R. No. 202961, February 4, 2015

G. Claims for Damages Arising from Breach of Non-Compete Clause and other Post-
employment Prohibitions

• Portillo v. Lietz, Inc. G.R. No. 196539, October 10, 2012

H. Employer’s Claims for Cash Advances, Car, Appliance, and Other Personal Loans of
Employees

• Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105, December 9, 2013

I. Jurisdiction over Directors and Corporate Officers

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 • Matling Industrial and Commercial Corporation v. Coros, G.R. No. 157802,
October 13, 2010

J. National Labor Relations Commission

1. Period of appeal

2. Grounds for appeal to the Commission

3. Requirements to Perfect an Appeal to the NLRC

4. Motion to Reduce Appeal Bond

• McBurnie v. Ganzon, G.R. Nos. 178034, 178117, 186984, and 186985,

October 17, 2013
• Sara Lee v. Macatlang, et. al., G.R. Nos. 180147-50, 180319, and 180685,
June 4, 2014
• Pacific Royal Basic Foods, Inc. v. Noche, G.R. No. 202392, October 04,
2021

5. Reinstatement Pending Appeal

• Pfizer v. Velasco, G.R. No. 177467, March 9, 2011

6. Reversal of the Labor Arbiter’s Reinstatement Order by NLRC or Higher

Courts

• Roquero v. PAL, G.R. No. 152329, April 22, 2003

• Genuino v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 142732-33, December 4, 2007
• Garcia v. PAL, G.R. No. 164856, January 20, 2009

7. Petition for Extraordinary Remedy

K. Judicial Review of Labor Rulings by the Court of Appeals and by the Supreme Court

1. Judicial Review of Labor Rulings through Rule 65

• St. Martin Funeral Homes v. NLRC, G.R. No. 130866, September 16,
1998
• Philtranco Services Enterprices, Inc. v. PWU-AGLO, G.R. No.
180962, February 26, 2014

2. Judicial Review of Decisions of Voluntary Arbitrators through Rule 43

• Guagua National Colleges v. CA, G.R. No 188492, August 28, 2018

3. Erroneous use of Rule 65 instead of Rule 43

• Sevilla Trading Company v. AVA Semana, G.R. No. 152456, April

28, 2004

4. When Rule 65 Petition was given due course despite availability of the remedy
of appeal

• Yellow Bus Line Employees Union v. Yellow Bus Line, Inc., G.R. No.
190876, June 15, 2016

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 5. Judicial Review by the Supreme Court through Rule 45

• Malayang Manggagawa sa Stayfast Phils., Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No.

155306, August 28, 2013

6. A party cannot file a petition both under Rule 65 and Rule 45

• Panganiban v. Tara Trading Shipmanagement, G.R. No. 187032,

October 18, 2010

L. Bureau of Labor Relations

1. Jurisdiction of the Bureau of Labor Relations

• Diokno v. Cacdac, G.R. No. 168475, July 4, 2007

2. Original and Exclusive Jurisdiction of Med-Arbiters, DOLE Directors and BLR

Directors

3. Appellate Jurisdiction of the BLR Director as distinguished from that of the

DOLE Secretary

• Takata v. BLR and SALAMAT, G.R. No. 196276, June 4, 2014

4. Remedies from Decisions of BLR Director and DOLE Secretary rendered in

their Appellate Jurisdiction

5. Administrative Functions of BLR and LRD

M. National Conciliation and Mediation Board

N. DOLE Regional Directors and DOLE Secretary

1. Visitorial and Enforcement Powers

• Maternity Children’s Hospital v. Secretary of Labor, G.R. No.

78909, June 30, 1989
• Batong Buhay v. Dela Serna, G.R. No. 86963, August 6, 1999
• People’s Broadcasting Service v. The Secretary of DOLE, G.R.
No. 179652, March 5, 2012
• Del Monte Land Transport Bus Co. v. Armenta, et al., G.R. No.
240144, February 03, 2021

O. Grievance Machinery

P. Voluntary Arbitrator

• Del Monte Fresh Produce (Philippines), Inc. v. Del Monte Fresh Supervisors
Union, G.R. No. 225115, January 27, 2020

VIII. Prescription of Actions

A. Money Claims

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 B. Illegal Dismissal

• Callanta v. Carnation Philippines, G.R. No. 70615, February 29, 1986

C. Unfair Labor Practice

D. Offenses under the Labor Code

E. Illegal Recruitment

STANDARD GRADING SYSTEM

Class Standing - 25%

Midterm exam - 35%
Final exam - 24%
Departmental exam - 16%
TOTAL - 100%

Prepared by:

REGINA DC. TANALGO, LPT.,LL.M.

Attorney VI, National Labor Relations Commission
Guest Lecturer, College of Law and Graduate School, Bulacan State University

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