FORMWORKS (for concrete works) : TYPICAL EXAMPLES

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C WALL
FOUNDATION
. Simplest to be built and consists merely of
heavy planks put in position to the required
lines.
. One side is set to the line initially and held with
stakes (driven to the ground) spaced at about 2
m apart.
. These panels can be held to line by 5 cm x 10
cm wallings which can be braced to stakes or
sides of the panels.
. The other side is set from this with the help of
spreaders at a correct distance equal to the
width of the footing. The spreaders are knocked
out as concreting reaches them.
. For footing up to 1 meter in depth the sides are
made of 25 -30 mm thick timber pieces (about
2.5 m long) built into panels with battens in the
centre to hold the boards together

FORM WORK 2/9/24

FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN
FOOTING
. Two (ends) sides are built to the exact dimensions of the footing
with a cleat at each end of the footing from the outside.
. The other two sides are built about 30 cm longer than the
dimensions of the footing.
. The side and the end panels are made on the carpenter’s bench with
holes bored for the wires, if they are to be used.
. Four panels are assembled by butting the end panels against the end
cleats of the sides and are nailed.
. The corners should be braced back to stakes or the sides of the
excavation.
. The intermediate bracing should be done in similar manner or the
cleat wired.
. Stepped footing forms
. The largest and the lowest forms are placed first and the concrete is
allowed to set a little before placing the next form.
. The upper form can then be held by placing a 5 cm x 10 cm wooden
piece nailed to the top ends of the lower form.

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN FOOTING
contd…
. Sloping side footing forms
. Two ends are cut to the exact dimensions of the footings.
. Two sides should not be cut to the slopes, but the boards can
be left of different lengths.
. The sloping box is always set on a vertical box of the same
bottom dimensions.
. The vertical box is set on the ground and braced. The
reinforcing steel is then placed and the sloping box is set on
the top of the first one.
. It is essential to prevent the lifting of the sloping sides due to
concrete pressure.
. To prevent this uplift, wires can be embedded in the centre of
the lower portion and fastened to the reinforcing steel or any
other heavily anchored member below.
. Alternatively, few bags of sand or heavy stones can be laid
on the outside of the form over its sloping sides.

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN FOOTING
contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN PILE CAP contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C RAFT FOUNDATION contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN
(RECTANGULAR)
. Column box consists of two ends and two sides (with
yokes), each built as panel of plank sheeting.
. At top cuts are made if the column is to receive girder
or beam
. The height of each panel is equal to the storey height
minus the slab thickness and the floor sheeting.
. Yokes are equally spaced on both the sides and ends.
They project at both the ends by about 25 cm.
. A hole is usually provided at the bottom of formwork
to remove debris etc. before placing the concrete. This
clean out hole is covered before starting of the concrete
work.
. Formwork components for any column are required to
be designed properly to resist high lateral pressure
resulting from the quick filling of concrete

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (RECTANGULAR) contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (RECTANGULAR) contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (RECTANGULAR) contd…

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 FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (CIRCULAR &
OCTAGONAL)

L-shaped column:
. Made on the similar line as rectangular column
. Legs of L-shaped column may be joined by brace
/ braces in case of bigger size columns depending
upon the pressure to be resisted.

FORM WORK 2/9/24

FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (CIRCULAR &
OCTAGONAL)
. In formworks for circular column the
sheeting consists of narrow vertical boards
or plywood joined together in a circular
shape.
. The sheeting is held in position by means
of collars, bolts and cleats.
. Octagonal: same as rectangular, except the
cross-sectional shape.

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C COLUMN (CIRCULAR & OCTAGONAL) contd…

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 FORMWORK FOR R.C.C
WALL
. The wall form consists of timber sheeting supported by
vertical studs and horizontal walers.
. The studs are first set to line and temporarily braced.
. The sheeting is wailed lightly breaking joints preferably at
the studs.
. If the wall is narrow and heavy reinforcement is to be placed,
one side of the wall is completed first and the other side is
placed in position after the reinforcement has been laid.
. Spacers are used at about one meter distance vertically and
knocked out when concreting reaches to that level.
. If the wall is wide enough for a man to work inside, both
sides may be brought up together.
. To keep the two sides of the form at a correct distance apart
(to prevent buckling to lateral pressure of freshly poured
concrete) it is necessary to employ some methods of tying
them up – for accurate and important works bolts should be
used, while for ordinary works wires are used.

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C WALL contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C WALL contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C WALL contd…

PROPRIETORY FORMWORK
WITH PVC /uPVC

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C WALL contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM ON
WALL

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 FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-
SLAB
. In a monolithic construction, beams or girders and slabs are cast in a single
unit – this demands that the beam formwork will be continuous with that of
slab formwork.
. The slabs can have their plank formwork made into panels. The size of
these panels depends on the facilities available in lifting them.
. Two arrangements of supporting the slab formwork are usually adopted.
Planking is supported by means of a wooden centering on the floor
below.
The panels rest on the top of the beam and girder sides. The
boarding of the panels is nailed together with the aid of battens
. The beam and girders are cast within rectangular boxes shaped to the exact
dimension of the section.
. The side planks of the beam should never bear on the bottom planks of
the girders but must overlap it as otherwise it is difficult to open the side
formwork earlier.
. The planks are also nailed together with battens spaced at 30-45 cm
centers (closer spacing and thicker battens for deeper beams.

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 FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-SLAB contd…

. To support the beams vertical posts are used.

. To the top of the post is nailed a cap, which is about 40-45
cm longer than the width of the beam.
. The ends of the caps are diagonally braced back to the posts
by short pieces of timber.
. The posts should be cut off square so as to ensure proper
bearing to the beams
. The posts generally rest on wedges, which are of hard wood
. The wedges are further placed on sills – pressure on the soil /
floor doe not exceed 1 kg / sq. Cm (10 MT / m 2)
. Posts should be braced horizontally and/or diagonally if the
length exceeds 2.5 m.
. To prevent the sides of the beams / girders from spreading,
sides area held by a spike with the post caps. For deeper
beams it is necessary to use bolts or patented clamps.

MATRIALS AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION - V (AR 502) FORM WORK 2/9/24

FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-SLAB contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-SLAB contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-SLAB contd…

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C BEAM-SLAB contd…

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 RIBBED FLOOR
FORMWORK
. It would be uneconomical to cut the form work
exactly to the shape of the webs of the beams.
. Hence over a plank sheeting, fillers are used to take
the space, which would be left in between two beam
ribs.
. The fillers may be of metal, wood, clay tiles,
gypsum blocks etc.
. Removable metal fillers are economical because
they can be used many times.

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RIBBED FLOOR FORMWORK contd….

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C STAIRCASE (WAIST SLAB)

. The sloping slabs are supported by planking, which

is further supported on battens and posts.
. To give shape to the stringers, inclined planks are
fixed and to these small battens against which
vertical planks can be fitted to make the steps

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FORMWORK FOR R.C.C STAIRCASE (WAIST SLAB) contd…

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