PEDIGREE ANALYSIS CHART IDENTIFICATION TIPS

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DEFINITION: A Pedigree is pictorial representation of members of a family for several

generations along family tree. Pedigree helps to analyze the various traits running in a family
& can also guess the Probability of occurrence in the future generation.
INHERITANCE PATTERNS TYPES:
1) Autosomal dominance 2) Autosomal recessive
3) X-linked dominance 4) X-linked recessive
5) Y-linked inheritance 6) Maternal inheritance

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CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOSOMAL DOMINANCE
 Each affected individual has atleast one affected parent.
 Both males & females are equally likely to be affected.
 There is no skipping of generations.
 If affected individual is homozygous-all offsprings
would be affected.
 If affected individual is heterozygous-50% of
Offsprings would be affected
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CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
 If Both parents are affected all the offsprings
will be affected.
 If affected individuals mate with unaffected
homozygous individual all the offsprings wilI
be unaffected. But carriers. .
 There is skipping of generations.
 Males & females are equally affected.
 Affected offsprings may have unaffected
parents.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF X-LINKED DOMINANCE

 The trait never pass from affected father to son.
 All Daughters of affected father will be affected.
CHARACTERISTICS OF X-LINKED RECESSIVE.
 Skipping of generations.
 Males are more likely affected than female
hemizygous.
 If mother is affected all children will be affected.
 Affected-individual has unaffected parents.
 Criss-cross inheritance.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF Y-LINKED
 Only males are affected & females unaffected.
 No skipping of generations.
 If father is affected 100% sons are affected.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERNAL INHERITANCE
 Affected mother will have all affected
offsprings.
 But if father is affected none of the offsprings
will be affected.

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TIPS TO ANALYSE PEDIGREE
 Autosomal dominance-affected individuals always have affected parents.
 Autosomal recessive-affected individuals have unaffected parents. Skipping of
generations.
 X-linked dominance-affected father-all daughters are affected. No skipping of
generations.
TIPS TO ANALYSE PEDIGREE
 X-linked recessive-affected mother-all sons affected. Criss-cross inheritance.
 Y-linked inheritance-Only males affected.
 Maternal inheritance-affected mother-all offsprings affected
 Affected father-none of the offsprings affected.

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