UNIT 1 WORD FORMATION

Core word Derivatives

TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with TV appear (v) disappear (v), (dis)appearance (n), apparent (adj), apparently (adv)
and cinema decide (v) (in)decision (n), deciding (adj), (in)decisive (adj), (in)decisively (adv)
Word Example sentence end (v/n) ending (n), unending (adj), unendingly (adv), endless (adj),
endlessly (adv)
audience (n) The audience was a mix of adults and children. They all loved
the theatre performance. exist (v) existence (n), existing (adj)
box office (n) There were no tickets at the box office for the new Star Wars film. impress (v) impression (n), impressionist (n), impressionism (n), (un)
impressive (adj), (un)impressively (adj)
broadcast (v) Every day, lots of new programmes are broadcast on television.
late (adj) latest (adj), lateness (n), lately (adv), later (adj/adv)
cast (n) Jen was excited to be part of the cast for the new movie.
please (v) (dis)pleasure (n), (un)pleasurable (adj), (dis)pleased (adj), (un)
channel (n) The BBC broadcasts over different channels in the UK. pleasant (adj), (un)pleasantly (adv)
credits (n) Credits usually feature at the end of a film or TV show. popular (adj) popularise (v), (un)popularity (n), unpopular (adj), (un)popularly
director (n) Steven Spielberg is one of the most successful cinema directors. (adv)
flop (n) Everyone hated the last dinosaur movie – it was a complete flop!
on demand
UNIT 2
Remember, if you miss the TV show tonight on Channel 3, you
(adj) can record it and watch it on demand afterwards.
producer (n) J.K. Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books and was also the
producer of the last two films.
TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with
programme (n) Dragon’s Den is my favourite TV programme. studying and learning
reality show (n) MasterChef is a popular reality show.
Word Example sentence
release (v) When is the new film by Peter Jackson released?
certificate (n) I got a certificate when I finished the summer course.
satellite (n) There are more TV channels on satellite.
coach (n) To be a successful football team, you need a great coach.
screenplay (n) The movie’s screenplay was difficult to learn for the actors.
degree (n) You usually have to study for three or four years to get a degree.
series (n) Game of Thrones is a series adapted from novels.
graduate (n) That company only hires graduates, so you need to have
sitcom (n) My favourite sitcom is The Big Bang Theory – it makes me laugh completed your university studies.
so much.
instructor (n) When I’m old enough to learn to drive, I’m going to have
viewer (n) Viewers usually watch TV shows from their homes. lessons with my mum – she’s an instructor!
lecturer (n) My aunt is a lecturer at university. She teaches economics.
PHRASAL VERBS licence (n) Did you know that in the UK you need a licence if you have a TV?
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence pass (an exam / He passed the test easily because he had studied very hard.
act out perform (often sth, e.g. a In the game charades, you have to act a test) (v)
(Type 1) story, that already exists) out the title of a book, film, or song. pupil (n) My dad’s a primary school teacher with 32 four-year-old pupils
chill out relax Let’s just chill out at home tonight. in his class.
(Type 2) qualification (n) He left school without a single qualification, so I’m not surprised
come on start to be broadcast Oli’s favourite programme comes on he can’t find a job.
(Type 2) TV in a few minutes. revise (for an I need to revise all weekend because I have four big exams
hang out spend time doing On Saturdays, my friends and I often exam / a test) (v) next week.
(Type 2) nothing in particular just hang out in the park. take (an exam / The best thing about being an adult? Maybe that I haven’t had
sit through stay until the end of sth, I couldn’t sit through the film till the a test) (v) to take an exam for 15 years!
(Type 3) particularly if you’re not end – it was too long! undergraduate She’s still an undergraduate but she’ll finish her final year at
enjoying it (n) university next summer.
take up use space or time I’ve got exams soon, so revising takes
(Type 1) up most of my evenings. PHRASAL VERBS
turn over change channel This programme’s boring. Let’s turn
(Type 2) over and watch something else. Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
catch up with get to the same If you work hard, you’ll soon catch up
(Type 4) level as with the rest of the class.
COLLOCATIONS | C
 ollocations with do, have,
creep up slowly and quietly get Oh! You frightened me! Don’t creep
make and take behind closer to sb up behind me like that!
Collocation Example sentence (Type 4)
do nothing I love doing nothing on Sundays! dig up find/discover Where did you dig that article up
(Type 1) information about sth from? It’s perfect!
do sb a favour Could you do me a favour and lend me a dictionary? by investigating it
do your best As long as you do your best, it doesn’t matter if you win or lose. end up be in a particular We took a wrong turn and ended up
have a good time Did you have a good time at the party last night? (Type 2) place or state after in completely the wrong place.
doing sth
have a holiday Are you having a holiday abroad this year?
hurry up do sth more quickly If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.
have sth to do I can’t come out today as I have lots of things to do at home. (Type 2)
make a difference Being able to speak English really makes a difference when look up try to find a particular Look the word up online.
you go abroad. (Type 1) piece of information
make an effort You really need to make more of an effort to pass the exam. set up start a business, club, I’ve set up a group on WhatsApp so
take a break Let’s take a break for five minutes and then play again. (Type 1) etc. we can organise the party.
take part in Let me know if you want to take part in the art competition. speak up talk louder The phone line is terrible so you’ll
(Type 2) have to speak up.
take time off work Dad had to take two weeks off work when he broke his leg.
think up create/invent an I need to think up a good reason for
take your time Take your time – we’re not in any hurry. (Type 1) excuse for sth being late.
use up use all of sth Have you used up all the paper we
(Type 1) had in the printer?

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WORD PATTERNS | Words + prepositions COLLOCATIONS | Collocations with top and high
Core words Example sentence Collocation Example sentence
bored of/with (-ing) I’m so bored of/with practising the piano! high priority Getting a part-time job isn’t a high priority for me, but it
would be nice.
concentrate on (-ing) I couldn’t concentrate on doing my homework because of
the noise outside. high speed Be very careful crossing that road – cars often drive down it
at very high speed.
criticise (sb) for (-ing) People criticised the government for increasing taxes.
high time It’s high time the council did something about this problem.
decide against (-ing) We’ve decided against going abroad on holiday.
high-definition The latest high-definition TVs have amazing picture quality.
experienced in (-ing) They need a coach experienced in working with players of
all different levels. high-performance Ferrari make high-performance cars.
interested in (-ing) I’m not really very interested in watching TV. high-powered A high-powered telescope allows you to see stars really clearly.
pay attention to Make sure you pay attention to any announcements. high-tech Tim always has the latest high-tech equipment and gadgets.
qualify as After seven years, I finally qualified as a doctor. top award Winning an Academy Award is considered the top award for
a film actor.
succeed in (-ing) The burglar succeeded in opening the door and got in.
top priority Getting a part-time job is my top priority right now. I’m
wrong with (-ing) What’s wrong with telling someone you find them annoying?
desperate to earn some extra money!
top secret This information is top secret, so don’t tell anyone!
WORD FORMATION
top speed My mum’s car has a top speed of 120 km/h, but she never
Core word Derivatives drives that fast.
believe (v) (un)believable (adj), (dis)belief (n), believer (n), unbelievably (adv)
champion (n) championship (n) WORD FORMATION
compete (v) competition (n), competitor (n), competing (n), (un)competitive Core word Derivatives
(adj), (un)competitively (adv)
achieve (v) achievement (n), achiever (n)
difficult (adj) difficulty (n)
create (v) creation (n), creator (n), creativity (n), (un)creative (adj), (un)
inform (v) informative (adj), information (n), informer (n), informant (n) creatively (adv)
maths (n) mathematics (n), mathematical (adj), mathematician (n), discover (v) discovery (n), discoverer (n)
mathematically (adv)
explore (v) explorer (n), exploration (n), exploratory (adj)
relate (v) relative (adj/n), (un)related (adj), relatively (adv), relation (n),
fortunate (adj) unfortunate (adj), (un)fortunately (adv), fortune (n)
relationship (n)
science (n) scientist (n), (un)scientific (adj), (un)scientifically (adv)
success (n) succeed (v), (un)successful (adj), unsuccessfully (adv)
simple (adj) simply (adv), simplicity (n), simplify (v)
solve (v) solution (n), solver (n), solving (n)
UNIT 3
TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with UNIT 4
manufacturing and tools
Word Example sentence TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with
law and order
appliance (n) The most useful appliance in our house is the washing machine.
create (v) When inventors create things that make a difference to
Word Example sentence
people’s lives, I’m sure it’s an amazing feeling. accused (n) The accused said she was home alone all evening, but of course
it was impossible to be sure.
develop (v) My sister is only 19 but she has a great job developing IT systems.
evidence (n) There was very little evidence against him, so the police
discover (v) Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, nearly 100
released him.
years ago.
fine (n) You’ll get a fine if they catch you on the train without a ticket.
engine (n) The steam engine was invented by James Watt in the 18th
century and was very important in the industrial revolution. guilty (adj) The thief was guilty because his fingerprints matched the ones
found at the crime scene.
generate (v) This radio doesn’t use batteries, you generate electricity by
moving this handle in a circle. imprisonment He got life imprisonment for the robbery and his wife got two
(n) years for not telling the police what she knew.
invent (v) Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.
judge (n) The judge delivered the final sentence after the accused was
machine (n) There are machines at the bus stops where you can buy tickets.
found guilty by the jury.
manufacture (v) Germany manufactures over 5 million cars every year.
jury (n) I’d love to be on a jury – I think it would be really interesting to
motor (n) Some cars now have motors which use petrol and electricity. be in a court and see how it works.
remote control This programme is boring … You’ve got the remote control, justice (n) In some parts of the world it’s very hard to get justice,
(n) can you change channel? particularly if you are in a minority group.
tool (n) You need a special tool to open the smartphone. trial (n) The trial lasted for four months and then, because of a problem,
they had to stop and start again.
PHRASAL VERBS verdict (n) We have no idea what the verdict will be – it’s impossible to
predict what might happen.
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
victim (n) We could hardly understand the victim in court because he was
carry out do work, research, They’re carrying out a survey crying and in such distress.
(Type 1) experiments, etc. about recycling.
come on develop, make progress The building work on our new
(Type 2) house is coming on nicely.
come up with think of an idea or a plan We need to come up with some
(Type 4) good ideas for raising money.
figure out calculate, solve a problem, I’m trying to figure out the
(Type 1) understand a situation answer to this crossword clue.
look into investigate Police are looking into a series of
(Type 3) burglaries in the local area.
plug in connect to a machine, Plug the printer in, then turn it on.
(Type 1) the electricity supply, etc. It’s that simple.

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PHRASAL VERBS opponent (n) It’s a good idea to find out information about an opponent
before an important match.
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
pitch (n) It’s an artificial football pitch but I really like playing on it.
beat up hit or kick sb many They beat him up and stole his
(Type 1) times to hurt them phone, but he’ll be all right. racket (n) After a period of time, rackets need to be restrung.

break in enter a building in order The thieves broke in by smashing referee (n) Do you think the referee was fair in the game yesterday?
(Type 2) to steal sth a window. ring (n) The two boxers are in the ring now and the fight is about to start.
come forward offer help or A young man came forward to help rink (n) In the winter, they build an ice skating rink in the square in town.
(Type 2) information the police with their investigation.
rod (n) I never travel to the sea without a fishing rod!
get away with manage to do sth bad How did they get away with
(Type 4) without being punished robbing the bank? score (v) They scored two goals in the first five minutes. It was amazing!

hold up steal from sb by The robbers held up a bank in the spectator (n) There was a great atmosphere in the stadium thanks to the
(Type 1) threatening violence, city centre yesterday. spectators.
usually with a weapon stick (n) The two players’ sticks smashed against each other and broke!
let off give sb little or no I can’t believe you let Ed off with track (n) If you want to watch the motor racing, you’ll find you get a much
(Type 1) punishment just a warning! better view of the track on television.
make for move towards a place When the fire alarm went off, umpire (n) The umpire awarded the final point to Joe’s opponent.
(Type 3) everyone made for the car park.
viewer (n) Millions of viewers watched the opening ceremony on TV.
turn in tell the police about sb His mother found stolen goods in
(Type 1) his car so she turned him in. win (v) He’s won gold three times at the championships, he’s so fast!

COLLOCATIONS | Collocations with crime PHRASAL VERBS

Collocation Example sentence Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
crime lab The fingerprint results should be back from the crime lab soon. check out look at sth in order to Check out this website – it might
(Type 1) evaluate it help us with our project.
crime We had a chat at school about crime prevention.
prevention knock out make sb leave a She was knocked out of the singing
(Type 1) competition after losing competition in the fourth round.
crime rate The crime rate around here has fallen dramatically.
listen out for listen carefully to try to Let’s listen out for any announcements
crime scene Members of the public were kept away from the crime scene. (Type 4) hear sth about trains being delayed.
crime wave The police have promised to tackle the recent crime wave. make out see, hear, understand, Can you make out what that sign
(Type 3) distinguish over there says?
hate crime They said that the attack on the disabled man was a hate crime.
mind out be careful Mind out! That car’s reversing.
organised Large gangs are responsible for a lot of organised crime. (Type 2)
crime
pull out stop being involved Tina was going to be in the team but
petty crime After a life of petty crime, Ethan found himself in jail. (Type 2) in an activity, event, had to pull out because of an injury.
situation, etc.
youth crime Do you think boredom is the cause of a lot of youth crime?
stand out be more visible, better, One camera stood out from all the
(Type 2) etc. than others others in terms of design.
WORD FORMATION stick out be more visible, etc. She wasn’t a great player so she really
Core word Derivatives (Type 2) than others stuck out in the basketball team.
burgle (v) burglary (n), burglar (n)
grow (v) growing (adj), grown (adj), growth (n)
WORD PATTERNS | Words + prepositions
prevent (v) preventable (adj), preventive (adj), prevention (n) Core words Example sentence
adjust to (-ing) It took me a few months to adjust to my new school.
satisfy (v) dissatisfy (v), (un)satisfying (adj), (un)satisfactory (adj), (dis)
satisfaction (n) anxious about (-ing) Are you anxious about tomorrow’s exam?
shock (v/n) shocking (adj), shockingly (adv) ban (sb) from (-ing) The player was banned from participating in the
match after cheating.
understand (v) misunderstand (v), understandable (adj), (mis)understanding (n)
benefit from (-ing) I really benefited from doing more exercise.
vandal (n) vandalise (v), vandalism (n)
cheat at Athletes who cheat at their sport by using banned
young (adj) youngster (n), youth (n), youthfulness (n) substances should be banned.
consist of The Reading paper consists of five tasks.
difference between (-ing) What’s the difference between tennis and badminton?
UNIT 5 insist on (-ing) She insisted on including pictures in her project.
participate in (-ing) More than 100 people participated in the fun run.
TOPIC VOCABULARY | Words connected with sports prevent (sb) from (-ing) We were prevented from going on the trip because
of bad weather.
Word Example sentence
ball (n) Hockey balls are harder than tennis balls. WORD FORMATION
bat (n) Cricket bats are usually made from wood.
Core word Derivatives
beat (v) The other team played very badly so we beat them easily. anxious (adj) anxiety (n), anxiousness (n), anxiously (adv)
competitor (n) Are the competitors ready for the race? Get set, GO! argue (v) argument (n), argumentative (adj), arguable (adj), arguably (adv)
course (n) There’s a golf course near my house but I’ve never played. compete (v) competitive (adj), competition (n), competitor (n), competitively (adv)
court (n) Shall we hire a tennis court on Saturday morning? develop (v) development (n), developer (n), developing (adj), (un)developed (adj)
cue (n) Sam forgot his cue for the snooker game and had to go home! fail (v) failure (n)
draw (v) They are drawing at the moment and it isn’t long until the final long (adj) length (n), lengthen (v), elongate (v)
whistle. They’ll have to play extra time. swim (v/n) swimming (n), swimmer (n), swimmingly (adj)
field (n) Our local sports centre has a football field which it shares with win (v/n) winner (n), winnings (n), winning (adj)
the school.

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UNIT 6 UNIT 7
TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with TOPIC VOCABULARY | Words connected with
the world of work the arts
Word Example sentence Word Example sentence
bonus (n) They get a bonus in December if the company has had a abstract (adj) I don’t really like abstract art – I like pictures to look realistic.
good year.
auction (n) Every year at school we have an auction for charity where we
off sick (phr) Ms Weber isn’t in the office today, she’s off sick. sell things we’ve made to the person who will pay the most.
on maternity/ My teacher is on paternity leave at the moment, he’ll be choreographer (n) When he retired from dancing he became a choreographer.
paternity leave (phr) back in a couple of weeks.
conductor (n) A conductor often doesn’t look like he or she is doing much,
on strike (phr) They went on strike because of unfair pay. but leading an orchestra is a big responsibility.
resign (v) He resigned from his job last month as it was too stressful. exhibition (n) There’s a new exhibition of Picasso’s early work on at the gallery.
retire (v) My grandparents retired last year. illustration (n) I’ve always loved the original illustrations for Alice in
Wonderland – they’re beautiful.
salary (n) My salary isn’t very good, but thankfully my rent is cheap.
installation (n) I saw an amazing light installation in the street when I was
tip (n) Do you always leave a tip in restaurants after a meal?
visiting London.
unemployed (adj) He’s been unemployed for months and can’t find another job.
masterpiece (n) The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel is one of Michelangelo’s
wage (n) My wages aren’t very high as I only work part time. many masterpieces.
producer (n) George Lucas produced most of the original Star Wars films.
PHRASAL VERBS set (n) The set for the play was amazing – a giant palace which
Phrasal Meaning Example sentence turned around so you could see inside and out.
verb stage (n) The stage was very small and we were sitting very close, so we
had a great view of the actors.
burn out become unable to work Jake burnt out after a few years in
(Type 2) through working too hard show business. studio (n) His studio is a disaster area! Paint and brushes everywhere –
but his pictures are beautiful.
copy in send a copy of an email When you reply to Amy’s email
(Type 1) to sb could you copy me in?
fill in for do sb’s job while they are Noah’s off sick, so could you please PHRASAL VERBS
(Type 4) away fill in for him? Phrasal Meaning Example sentence
get ahead be more successful than If you want to get ahead, you need verb
(Type 2) other people to work hard.
draw up prepare, draw or write The government has drawn up plans to
key in put information into a I keyed in my security number and (Type 1) a plan evacuate the area.
(Type 1) computer using a keyboard the door opened.
edit out remove parts of sth, e.g. It was a good film, but they could have
lay off end sb’s employment The company laid off over 1,200 (Type 1) a film, TV programme, edited out the scenes where nothing
(Type 1) because there isn’t enough people when it got into difficulties. newspaper article important happened.
work for them to do
grow on start to like more I didn’t like that picture at first, but it’s
take on start to employ sb We’ll take you on for a month and (Type 3) growing on me now.
(Type 1) see how things go.
sketch out make a general plan or Use a pencil to sketch out your picture
work (your gradually get to a higher Martine worked her way up from (Type 1) drawing with few details before you start painting.
way) up position in an organisation shop assistant to director of the
tear up tear/rip into pieces I realised I’d misunderstood the question,
(Idiomatic) whole company.
(Type 1) so I tore it up and started again.
turn out develop in a particular way, I thought the play was going to be
COLLOCATIONS | Collocations with go and get (Type 2) have a particular result boring but it turned out to be excellent.
Collocation Example sentence
get a placement While he was still studying, he got a placement in a law firm. COLLOCATIONS | Collocations from the art world
get fired Did you hear that Freddy got fired from his job last week? Collocation Example sentence
get lost Sorry I’m late – I got lost on the way here. balancing act Having a part-time job and studying for important exams is
a very difficult balancing act.
get ready The actors got ready and waited for the curtain to go up.
be a difficult/hard Mrs Bridges was a fantastic headteacher, so she’ll be a
get the impression I always get the impression that Layla finds me a bit boring. act to follow difficult act to follow for the new one.
get the sack I can’t believe I got the sack just for being late. behind the scenes They seem like a happy couple but, behind the scenes,
they’re always arguing.
get upset Lucas got upset when I told him his exam results.
blank canvas We’ve got to write a poem for English. It can be about
go abroad Next time you go abroad, send me a postcard. anything at all, so we’ve got a blank canvas to start from.
go bankrupt Anushka went bankrupt when her business failed. play a part/role Thank you for playing an important role in cleaning the
go crazy Charlie’s going to go crazy when he finds out what you’ve done! (in doing sth) beach.
go missing Some money has gone missing out of my bag. take centre stage I don’t like to take centre stage at parties. I prefer to sit in the
corner and talk quietly.
go quiet The audience went quiet as the show started.

WORD FORMATION
WORD FORMATION
Core word Derivatives
Core word Derivatives
access (v/n) accessibility (n), (in)accessible (adj)
employ (v) (un)employed (adj), employer (n), employee (n), (un)employment (n)
attract (v) (un)attractive (adj), attraction (n), attractively (adv)
finance (v/n) financial (adj), financially (adv)
beauty (n) beautiful (adj), beautifully (adv), beautify (v), beautician (n)
friend (n) (un)friendly (adj), friendship (n)
doubt (n) doubtful (adj), doubtfully (adv), doubtless (adj), (un)doubted (adj),
neighbour (n) neighbourly (adj), neighbourhood (n) undoubtedly (adv)
poor (adj) poorly (adv), poverty (n), poorness (n) ease (n) (un)easy (adj), (un)easily (adv)
satisfy (v) dissatisfy (v), (un)satisfying (adj), (un)satisfactory (adj), (dis) equip (v) equipment (n), (un)equipped (adj)
satisfaction (n)
mass (n) massive (adj), massively (adv)
vary (v) various (adj), (in)variable (adj), varying (adj), varied (adj),
variation (n), variety (n), invariably (adv) patience (n) patient (n), (im)patient (adj)

volunteer (v/n) (in)voluntary (adj), (in)voluntarily (adv)

UNIT 8 UNIT 9
TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with
environmental issues literature
Word Example sentence Word Example sentence
carbon footprint (n) We’re trying to reduce our carbon footprint by using our crime fiction My favourite genre is crime fiction. I love trying to guess who’s
bikes more and the car less. (n) guilty before the detective!
climate change (n) We need to take climate change more seriously, or our critic (n) He’s a good critic, but he can be a bit cruel in his reviews!
world is going to become a very different place. editor (n) My uncle is the editor of the local newspaper and sometimes he
global warming (n) If we don’t do something about global warming, some writes articles too.
islands are going to disappear under the sea. fantasy (n) I think the best fantasy novel ever written is The Lord of the Rings.
greenhouse effect (n) The greenhouse effect means our planet is becoming graphic novel I like reading graphic novels to chill out – all the pictures mean
warmer than it should be. (n) you don’t have to think too much!
ozone layer (n) Although we can’t see it, the ozone layer protects us historical My sister loves historical fiction. She’s reading a huge book
from dangerous UV radiation. fiction (n) about the Tudors at the moment.
renewable energy (n) We need to rely more on renewable energy like solar legend (n) The story of Robin Hood is a legend, no-one really knows if he
panels to generate electricity. existed or not.

sustainable Governments are now more concerned about novelist (n) He wants to be thought of as a serious novelist, but he’s most
development (n) sustainable development, but they still don’t do enough famous for his funny short stories.
to control economic growth. playwright (n) William Shakespeare is probably the most famous playwright
the world has ever known.
toxic waste (n) There is a lot of industry there and the river and sea are
polluted with toxic waste. romantic novel That must be a romantic novel – look at the cover. It’s pink with
(n) little hearts all over it!
PHRASAL VERBS science fiction I don’t really like science fiction. Stories about aliens and strange
(n) planets don’t interest me at all.
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence tragedy (n) The play is a tragedy, but although the end is very sad, there are
call for require, demand This situation calls for immediate some funny bits too.
(Type 3) action.
chop down make a tree, etc. fall by We decided to chop down the old PHRASAL VERBS
(Type 1) cutting it oak tree in the garden.
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
clean up make a place completely Why don’t you clean up your room
(Type 1) clean and tidy before your friends arrive? bring up mention I’m not sure if now’s the right time to
(Type 1) bring this up, but have you thought
die out become less common Does anyone know why the any more about our holiday?
(Type 2) and then disappear dinosaurs died out?
flick through look at but not read in I’ve flicked through your report but
do away with get rid of They’ve done away with the traffic (Type 3) detail I’ll study it in detail later.
(Type 4) lights outside the school. get across explain, communicate We need to get across the idea that
run out if sth runs out, you don’t One day, all the world’s oil supply (Type 1) this product is the best!
(Type 2) have any more of it will run out. What will we do then? go on talk more than is necessary I love my grandmother very much
throw away get rid of sth you no Do you mind if I throw away all (Type 2) and become boring but she does go on.
(Type 1) longer want these old magazines? put forward suggest Some of the students have put
wipe out destroy completely Wolves were wiped out in Britain (Type 1) forward the idea of a trip to a castle.
(Type 1) centuries ago. read up about get detailed information I read up about the author before
(Type 4) about something by doing I went to hear him read extracts
research from his new novel.
WORD PATTERNS | Words + prepositions
spell out explain something very I know it’s not difficult, but I’m
Core words Example sentence (Type 1) clearly and in detail going to spell it out very clearly so
I’m sure you’ve understood.
affected by Were you affected by the recent floods?
talk through discuss something, e.g. a Let’s sit down and talk it through.
exposed to Young children shouldn’t be exposed to cigarette smoke. (Type 1) problem or an idea I’m sure there’s a solution.
harmful to Building another airport will be very harmful to the local
environment.
COLLOCATIONS | Collocations with say, speak and tell
protected Elephants need to be protected from local hunters.
from Collocation Example sentence
say hello/goodbye/ Dan, your cousins are going now, so come and say goodbye.
threatened by The local wildlife is threatened by pollution from factories.
goodnight
waste of Trying to explain something to Harry is a waste of time because say sorry You’d better say sorry to Annie for ripping her jacket.
he never listens.
speak against / in Some people at the meeting spoke against the proposals.
favour of sth
WORD FORMATION speak for yourself Speak for yourself! You may be happy about having an extra
Core word Derivatives 30 minutes of classes every day, but I’m not!
benefit (v/n) beneficial (adj), benefactor (n) speak well/highly The new headteacher’s doing a really good job – all of the
of sb teachers and students speak highly of her.
industry (n) industrial (adj), industrially (adv)
speak your mind My mum always speaks her mind, which some people think
live (v/adj/adv) life (n), alive (adj), living (adj), lively (adj) is a bit impolite sometimes.
ordinary (adj) extraordinary (adj), ordinariness (n), (extra)ordinarily (adv) tell a joke I’m bad at telling jokes – I can never remember the endings.
origin (n) originate (v), (un)original (adj), originally (adv) tell a lie / the truth Angie told me that her uncle is a millionaire, but I’m not sure
she was telling the truth.
signify (v) (in)significant (adj), (in)significantly (adv), (in)significance (n)
tell a story Our dad always used to tell us a story before we went to sleep.
storm (n) stormy (adj)
tell sb a secret If I tell you a secret, will you promise not to tell anyone else?
tradition (n) (un)traditional (adj), (un)traditionally (adv)
tell the difference How can you tell the difference between a dove and
between things a pigeon?
tell the time I learnt to tell the time when I was about six years old.

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WORD FORMATION COLLOCATIONS | C
 ollocations with do, get, go
Core word Derivatives and make
able (adj) unable (adj), (in)capable (adj), disabled (adj), (dis/in)ability (n), Collocation Example sentence
capability (n) do business with They’re so demanding that I really can’t do business with them.
appear (v) disappear (v), (dis)appearance (n), apparent (adj), apparently
get a bargain You really got a bargain when you bought your new tablet
(adv)
in the sales.
know (v) knowledge (n), (un)knowledgeable (adj), (un)known (adj), (un)
go bankrupt Anushka went bankrupt when her business failed.
knowing (adj), (un)knowingly (adv)
lonely (adj) loneliness (n) make a fortune Sarah made a fortune when she sold her company.

speak (v) speaker (n), speech (n), speechless (adj), (un)spoken (adj), make a living It’s getting harder to make a living from photography.
unspeakable (adj) make a loss The business made a huge loss last year.
surround (v) surroundings (n), surrounding (adj) make a profit This year, we’ve made a profit of over a million pounds!
think (v) thinker (n), thought (n), thinking (n), (un)thinking (adj), make a purchase We’ll give you a bonus every time you use your credit card to
thoughtful (adj), thoughtless (adj), (un)thinkingly (adv), make a purchase!
thoughtfully (adv), thoughtlessly (adv)
vary (v) various (adj), variable (n), (in)variable (adj), varying (adj), varied
(adj), variation (n), variety (n), invariably (adv) WORD FORMATION
Core word Derivatives
desire (v/n) (un)desirable (adj)
UNIT 10 economy (n) economise (v), economic (adj), (un)economical (adj),
economically (adv)

TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with grow (v) growing (adj), grown (adj), growth (n)
spending money nation (n) national (adj), nationality (n)
revolution (n) revolutionary (adj) , revolt (v/n), revolting (adj), revolve (v)
Word Example sentence
stimulating (adj) stimulated (adj), stimulate (v), stimulus (n), stimulation (n)
bill (n) Did the electricity bill come in the post this morning?
strong (adj) strength (n), strongly (adv)
cash (n) Could you lend me £10? I haven’t got any cash on me.
supply (v/n) supplier (n)
cashpoint (n) Excuse me, is there a bank near here? Or a cashpoint?
change (n) I’d get a drink from the machine but I haven’t got any change,
only a €10 note.
credit card (n) Some people say that using a credit card makes it easier to UNIT 11
control spending.
discount (n) I got an amazing discount on these shoes, they had 50% off. TOPIC VOCABULARY | W
 ords connected with
PIN (n) You shouldn’t use the same PIN for all your cards and your travelling
phone, it’s not secure.
Word Example sentence
receipt (n) Shall I put the receipt in the bag for you?
arrive (at swh) We arrived at the airport at six in the morning and took a taxi
refund (v/n) Could I have a refund on this jacket, please? It’s not my style. (v) to the hotel.
till (n) I’m sorry but this till is closed. There are two open at the front commuters (n) There were so many commuters on the train to work that I had
of the store. to stand all the way.
entrance (n) I’ll meet you at the entrance to the shopping centre at 7 pm, OK?
PHRASAL VERBS excursion (n) We have a variety of excursions to local tourist attractions –
Phrasal Meaning Example sentence there are half-day and full-day options.
verb fare (n) Travelling by air is fast, but the fares can be very expensive.
carry on continue Please carry on until I get back. fee (n) Does the museum charge an entry fee or is it free for students?
(Type 2)
flight (n) The flight left very early in the morning, so we slept in the airport!
decide on choose one thing from We arrived at the party late because my
(Type 3) various options friend couldn’t decide on what to wear. gate (n) We waited at the gate for hours before they told us there was a
problem with the plane.
pick on keep treating sb badly I wish you wouldn’t keep picking on me
(Type 3) all the time! get (to swh) (v) We didn’t get to the festival in time to see our favourite band,
but it was fun anyway.
press on continue doing sth I was tired but I had to finish before the
(Type 2) despite difficulties end of the day so I decided to press on. journey (n) How was your journey to the office this morning? Was the train
very crowded?
put on make a machine or piece I always put the radio on as soon as I
(Type 1) of electrical equipment wake up. passengers (n) A Boeing 747 aircraft can carry about 500 passengers.
start working platform (n) Trains to London leave from this platform and trains to Brighton
sleep on wait until the next day to I’ll sleep on your suggestion and let you from Platform 3.
(Type 3) make a decision know tomorrow. reach (swh) (v) You can only reach the tiny island where we stayed by boat.
start on begin to criticise sb Don’t start on me! It wasn’t my fault. reception (n) Please leave your key at reception when you check out at the
(Type 3) end of your stay.
switch on make a machine or piece You need to switch the computer on at ride (v/n) The train station is only a short ride from the hotel by taxi.
(Type 1) of electrical equipment the back.
start working route (n) Which route did you take to get here? The motorway or the
local roads?
ticket (n) Are there any tickets left for the excursion to Skellig Michael
tomorrow, please?
travel (v/n/adj) Air travel is actually the safest form of transport there is.
trip (n) Enjoy your trip to the beach – see you in a few days!
voyage (n) Everyone knows that the Titanic sunk on its first voyage.

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PHRASAL VERBS UNIT 12
Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
check out leave a hotel We’ll pay for the room when we TOPIC VOCABULARY | Easily-confused words
(Type 2) check out.
Word Example sentence
drop off stop to allow sb to leave, The driver dropped me off at the
(Type 1) usually from a vehicle hotel. achieve (v) What things would you like to achieve in the next ten years?
get away go swh for a rest or We’re planning to get away for a earn (v) I tried to earn his respect with hard work, but he just doesn’t
(Type 2) holiday couple of weeks in the summer. like me.
head for move towards a place When the fire alarm went off, effort (n) He made a huge effort and I think he really deserved that prize.
(Type 3) everyone headed for the car park. fail (v) Always remember that it’s better to try and fail, than not to try
pick up collect, often in a vehicle My dad picks me up from school because you’re afraid of failing.
(Type 1) every Tuesday and Thursday. famed (adj) Cervantes was a famed writer and wrote what many people
see off say goodbye to sb who’s We all went to the bus station to consider to be the first modern novel.
(Type 1) leaving on a journey see Kylie off when she went to infamous (adj) Al Capone was an infamous American gangster in the 1930s.
university.
job (n) Jo’s got a new job. She’s working at weekends in the café.
set out start a journey The explorers slowly set out on
(Type 2) their journey across the ice. lose (v) He lost the TV talent show, but went on to become a pop star.
turn round reverse direction The road was blocked, so we had miss (v) She’s incredibly hard working and has never missed a class.
(Type 2) to turn round and go back. succeed (v) Van Gogh didn’t succeed in selling many paintings while he was
alive, but his pictures now sell for millions.
WORD PATTERNS | Words + prepositions unknown (adj) This piece of music is by an unknown composer, but I love it.
Core words Example sentence work (n) I can’t go out this weekend, I’ve got far too much work to do.
crowded with The town centre was so crowded with shoppers that we
decided to go home. PHRASAL VERBS
do about (-ing) What are we going to do about planning the party? Phrasal verb Meaning Example sentence
interfere with I watched your bags the whole time – no-one’s interfered with cut off make a place difficult The snowstorm completely cut off
them. (Type 1) to enter or leave the village and no-one could get
keen on (-ing) I’m really keen on cycling, but I don’t like playing team sports. in or out.
look forward to I’m really looking forward to going on holiday next week. finish off do the last part of sth I finally finished off the jigsaw I had
(-ing) (Type 1) so it is complete been working on.
point in (-ing) There’s no point in complaining – it won’t change anything. log off finish using a computer Make sure you log off when you’ve
(Type 2) system finished working on the computer.
separated from I got separated from Helen at the concert and it took me ages
to find her again. rope off prevent people from The path was dangerous so the
(Type 1) entering an area using caretaker roped it off.
upset about Don’t get upset about having to change your travel plans, a rope
(-ing) these things happen.
set off make sth explode We heard that somebody had
useful for (-ing) This app’s really useful for finding bargains nearby. (Type 1) threatened to set off a bomb in the
valid for This exam certificate is valid for three years. city centre.
warn sb about I’ve warned you about being late before. If it happens again, shave off cut hair from part of You should shave that ridiculous
(-ing) you’ll be in real trouble. (Type 1) your body by shaving moustache off!
spark off make sth happen When I forgot to do the washing up,
WORD FORMATION (Type 1) it sparked off an argument.
wipe off remove sth by wiping Let me just wipe my make-up off.
Core word Derivatives (Type 1)
active (adj) inactive (adj), act (v), (in)action (n), (in)activity (n), (de)activate
(v), activated (adj), activation (n)
IDIOMS | Idioms with keep and lose
apply (v) application (n) applied (adj)
Idiom Example sentence
arrange (v) arrangement (n), (pre)arranged (adj)
keep sight of If you keep sight of your aims, I’m sure you’ll achieve them.
help (v/n) (un)helpful (adj), helpless (adj), helplessness (n)
keep your head Keep your head in the final and you could be the world
huge (adj) hugeness (n), hugely (adv)
champion!
meaning (n) mean (v), means (n), meaningful (adj), meaningless (adj),
keep your word You can trust Alice because she always keeps her word.
meaningfully (adv)
lose track of I completely lost track of time when I was playing my
participate (v) participant (n), participation (n), (un)participative (adj)
favourite video game.
value (v/n) undervalue (v), overvalue (v), evaluate (v), (in)valuable (adj),
lose your nerve As we reached the top of the mountain, I began to lose my
evaluation (n), valuables (n), valuation (n)
nerve.
lose your temper Dad lost his temper when I knocked his cup of tea on the floor.

WORD FORMATION
Core word Derivatives
able (adj) unable (adj), (in)capable (adj), disabled (adj), (dis/in)ability (n),
capability (n)
accomplish (v) accomplishment (n), (un)accomplished (adj), accomplishable (adj)
capable (adj) incapable (adj), (in)capability (n), (in)capacity (n)
celebrate (v) celebration (n), celebrated (adj), celebrity (n)
child (n) children (n), childish (adj), childlike (adj), childless (adj),
childhood (n)
mathematics maths (n), mathematical (adj), mathematician (n),
(n) mathematically (adv)
program (v/n) programmer (n), programming (n), programmable (adj)
wide (adj) width (n), widen (v), widely (adv)

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