SHEILA MAE S.

GARCIA
LEMUEL TADEO
MICA BALDOSANO
IT 2M1

Set I
A menagerie consists of seven brown dogs, two black dogs, six gray cats, ten black cats, five
blue birds, six yellow birds, and one black bird. Determine which of the following statements are
true and which are false and try to explain your answers.

a. There is an animal in the menagerie that is red.

b. Every animal in the menagerie is a bird or a mammal.
c. Every animal in the menagerie is brown or gray or black.
d. There is an animal in the menagerie that is neither a cat nor a dog.
e. No animal in the menagerie is blue.
f. There are in the menagerie a dog, a cat, and a bird that all have the same color.

Answer :

a. False. There is no mention of any animal in the menagerie that is red. The given
information only describes animals with brown, black, gray, blue, and yellow colors.

b. True. The given information specifies that there are dogs, cats, and birds in the
menagerie. Dogs and cats are mammals, while birds are not. Therefore, every animal in
the menagerie is either a mammal (dog or cat) or a bird.

c. True. The given information lists brown, gray, and black as the colors of the dogs and
cats in the menagerie. It also mentions a black bird, so every animal in the menagerie is
either brown, gray, or black.

d. True. The statement is true because there is no information given about any animal
in the menagerie that is not a cat or a dog. Therefore, there must be an animal in the
menagerie that is not a cat or a dog.

e. False. The given information specifies that there are blue birds in the menagerie.
Therefore, at least one animal in the menagerie is blue.

f. False. There are no colors that are mentioned for the blue birds and yellow birds.
Therefore, it is impossible to have a dog, cat, and bird that are all the same color.
Set II
B. Indicate which of the following statements are true and which are false. Justify your
answers as best as you can.
a. Every integer is a real number.
b. 0 is a positive real number.
c. For all real numbers r, ~r is a negative real number.
d. Every real number is an integer.

ANSWER:

a. True. Every integer is a real number because the set of integers is a subset of the set
of real numbers.

b. False. 0 is not a positive real number. By definition, a positive real number is a real
number that is greater than zero.

c. False. If r is 0, then ~r = -0 = 0, which is not a negative real number. Also, if r is a

negative real number, then ~r is a positive real number. Therefore, the statement is
false.

d. False. Not every real number is an integer. For example, 1/2 is a real number but not
an integer. An integer is a whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero, while a
real number can be any number on the real number line, including decimals and
fractions.

Set III
Consider the following statement: ∀ basketball players x, x is tall. Which of the following are
equivalent ways of expressing this statement? Justify your answer

a. Every basketball player is tall.

b. Among all the basketball players, some are tall.
c. Some of the tall people are basketball players.
d. Anyone who is tall is a basketball player.
e. All people who are basketball players are tall.
f. Anyone who is a basketball player is a tall person.
ANSWER:

a. Every basketball player is tall: This statement is equivalent to the given

statement. It asserts that all basketball players are tall, which is exactly what the
given statement states.

Set IV
15. Rewrite the following statements informally in at least two different ways without using variables or the
symbol ∀ or ∃.
a. ∀ squares x, x is a rectangle.
b. ∃ a set A such that A has 16 subsets.

ANSWER:

A.
● Every square is a rectangle.

● Squares are always rectangles.

● If you have a square, you also have a rectangle.

B.
● There is a set A that has exactly 16 subsets.

● A set exists with 16 subsets.

● You can find a set with exactly 16 subsets.