Microbiolology [L9]

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- it means worm.
Helminth
- animals with elongated bodies.
1. Flatworms [Platyhelminthes]
2. Roundworms [Nematodes] Classification of helminths
3. Segmented worms [Annelida]
- Human whipworm
- Ascaris
- Pinworm
Examples of helminths
- Liver fluke
- Pork tapeworm
- Bovine tapeworm
Phylum Platyhelminthes It includes tapeworm, flukes, and turbellarians [planarians].
Planarians They are freely living, non-parasitic.
They are parasitic; they often complete their life cycle with multiple
Flukes [trematodes]
hosts.
- Liver flukes
- Lung flukes Examples of flukes
- Can cause Schistosomiasis
Tapeworms [Cestodes] They have segmented flat bodies, parasitic, hermaphroditic.
It has more than 15,000 species. It is round elongated bodies with
Roundworms [Nematoda]
full digestive system.
- Pinworms
Examples of roundworms [nematoda]
- Hookworms
Pinworm Can cause toxocariasis
Trichinella Can be contracted by consuming under cooked meat
It has elongated bodied worms with segments. It includes earth-
Annelida [Segmented worms]
worms, leaches, and the marine forms Polychaetes.
Earthworms It helps aerate the soil.
Leeches These are the parasitic members commonly found in fresh waters.
Hirudo medicinalis These are used to improve blood flow in the tissue or skin.

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