Sanjivani Academy Kopargaon

At Khirdi Ganesh, Kopargaon, Pin-423601

Worksheet Name: Worksheet Standard: 11th Science Subject: Mathematics

Case Study

Q1. Function as a Relation A relation f from a non-empty set A to a non-empty set B is said to be a function, if every element
of set A has one and only one image in set B. In other words, we can say that a function f is a relation from a non-empty
set A to a non-empty set B such that the domain of f is A and no two distinct ordered pairs in f have the same first
f

element or component. If f is a function from a set A to a set B, then we write f : A → B or A −−→ B and it is read as f
is a function from A to B or f maps A to B.
Based on the above topic, answer the following questions.
1. The given curve is a:

1. Function
2. Relation
3. Can’t say anything
4. Data not sufficient
2. The given curve is a:

1. Function
2. Relation
3. Can’t say anything
4. Data not sufficient
3. If f(x) = x2 + 2x + 3, then among f(1), f(2) and f(3), which one gives the maximum value.
1. f(1)
2. f(2)
3. f(3)
4. f(1) = f(2) = f(3)
4. If f (1 + x) = x2 + 1 then f (2 - h) is:
1. h2 - 2h + 2
2. h2 - 2h + 1
3. h2 - 2h - 2
4. h2 + 2h + 2
5. If f(x) = then range (f) is equal to:
1
′
2−sin 3x

1. [−1, 1]
2. [ −
1 1
, ]
3 3

3. [ 1

3
, 1]

4. [ − 1,
−1
]
3
Ans: 1. (b) Relation
2. (a) Function
3. (c) f(3)
4. (a) h2 - 2h + 2
5. (c) [ 1

3
, 1]

Q2. The school organised a cultural event for 100 students. In the event, 15 students participated in dance, drama and
singing. 25 students participated in dance and drama; 20 students participated in drama and singing; 30 students
participated in dance and singing. 8 students participated in dance only; 5 students in drama only and 12 students in
singing only.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
1. The number of students who participated in dance, is:
1. 18
2. 30
3. 40
4. 48
2. The number of students who participated in drama, is:
1. 35
2. 30
3. 25
4. 20
3. The number of students who participated in singing, is:
1. 42
2. 45
3. 47
4. 37
4. The number of students who participated in dance and drama but not in singing, is:
1. 20
2. 5
3. 10
4. 15
5. The number of students who did not participate in any of the events, is:
1. 20
2. 30
3. 25
4. 35

Ans: Consider the following Venn diagram

Where,
a = Number of students who participated in dance only
b = Number of students who participated in dance and drama only
c = Number of students who participated in drama only
d = Number of students who participated in singing only
e = Number of students who participated in dance and singing only
f = Number of students who participated in all three events dance, drama and singing and
g = Number of students who participated in drama and singing only
Then, we have
a = 8, b + f = 25, c = 5, d = 12, e + f = 30, f = 15 and g + f = 20
⇒ a = 8, b = 10, c = 5, d = 12, e = 15, f = 15 and g = 5
1. (d) 48
Solution:
The number of students who participated in dance
 =a+b+e+f
= 8 + 10 + 15 + 15
= 48
2. (a) 35
Solution:
The number of students who participated indram
a=b+c+f+g
= 10 + 5 + 15 + 5
= 35
3. (c) 47
Solution:
The number of students who participated in singing
=d+e+f+g
= 12 + 15 + 15 + 5
= 47
4. (c) 10
Solution:
The number of students who participated in dance and drama but not in singing = b = 10.
5. (b) 30
Solution:
The number of students who did not participats in any of the events
= 100 - (a + b + c + d + e + f + g)
= 100 - (8 +10 + 5 + 12 + 15 + 15 + 5)
= 100 - (70) = 30

Q3. The school organised a farewell party for 100 students and school management decided three types of drinks will be
distributed in farewell party i.e. Milk (M), Coffee (C) and Tea (T).
Organiser reported that 10 students had all the three drinks M, C, T. 20 students had M and C; 30 students had C and T;
25 students had M and T. 12 students had M only; 5 students had C only; 8 students had T only. Based on the above
information, answer the following questions:
1. The number of students who did not take any drink, is:
1. 20
2. 30
3. 10
4. 25
2. The number of students who prefer Milk is:
1. 47
2. 45
3. 53
4. 50
3. The number of students who prefer Coffee is:
1. 47
2. 53
3. 45
4. 50
4. The number of students who prefer Tea is:
1. 51
2. 53
3. 50
4. 47
5. The number of students who prefer Milk and Coffee but not tea is:
1. 12
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20

Ans: 1. (a) 20
2. (a) 47
3. (c) 45
 4. (b) 53
5. (b) 10

Q4. In an University, out of 100 students 15 students offered Mathematics only, 12 students offered Statistics only, 8
students offered only Physics, 40 students offered Physics and Mathematics, 20 students offered Physics and Statistics,
10 students offered Mathematics and Statistics, 65 students offered Physics.
Based on the above information answer the following questions.
1. The number of students who offered all the three subjects is:
1. 4
2. 3
3. 2
4. 5
2. The number of students who offered Mathematics is:
1. 62
2. 65
3. 55
4. 60
3. The number of students who offered statistics is:
1. 31
2. 35
3. 39
4. 34
4. The number of students who offered mathematics and statistics but not physics is:
1. 7
2. 6
3. 5
4. 4
5. The number of students who did not offer any of the above three subjects is:
1. 4
2. 1
3. 5
4. 3

Ans: Let M, S and P be the sets of students wo offered Mathematics, Statistics and Physics respectively. Let x be the
number of students who offered all the three subjects, then the number of members in different regions are shown in
the following diagram.

From the Venn diagram, we get, the number of students who offered Physics.
= (40 - x) + x + (20 - x) + 8 = 65 [given]
⇒ 68 - x = 65
⇒x=3
1. (b) 3
Solution:
The number of students who offered all the three subjects are 3.
2. (a) 62
Solution:
The number of students who offered Mathematics
= 15 + (10 - x) + x + (40 - x)
= 65 - x
= 65 - 3 = 62 [∵ x = 3]
3. (c) 39
Solution:
The number of students who offered Statistics
 = 12 + (10 - x) + x + (20 - x)
= 42 - x
= 42 - 3 = 39 [∵ x = 3]
4. (a) 7
Solution:
10 - x = 10 - 3 = 7
5. (b) 1
Solution:
The number of students who offered anyone of the three subjects
= 15 + 12 + 8 + (10 - x) + (40 - x) + (20 - x) + x
= 105 - 2x
= 105 - 2 . 3 = 99 [∵ x = 3]
∴ The number of students who did not offer anyone of the three subjects = 100 -99 =1

Q5. A class teacher Mamta Sharma of class XI write three sets A, B and C are such that A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8} and C
= {2, 3, 5, 7, 11}.
Answer the following questions which are based on above sets.
1. Find A ∩ B.
1. {3, 5, 7}
2. ϕ
3. {1, 5, 7}
4. {2, 5, 7}
2. Find A ∩ C.
1. {3, 5, 7}
2. ϕ
3. {1, 5, 7}
4. {3, 4, 7}
3. Which of the following is correct for two sets A and B to be disjoint?
1. A ∩ B = ϕ
2. A ∩ B ≠ ϕ
3. A ∪ B = ϕ
4. A ∪ B ≠ ϕ
4. Which of the following is correct for two sets A and C to be intersecting?
1. A ∩ C = ϕ
2. A ∩ C ≠ ϕ
3. A ∪ C = ϕ
4. A ∪ C ≠ ϕ
5. Write the n[P(B)].
1. 8
2. 4
3. 16
4. 12

Ans: 1.
2. ϕ
2.
1. {3, 5, 7}
3.
1. A ∩ B = ϕ
4.
2. A ∩ C ≠ ϕ
5.
3. 16

Q6. Representation of a Relation A relation can be represented algebraically by roster form or by set-builder form and
visually it can be represented by an arrow diagram which are given below:
Roster form In this form, we represent the relation by the set of all ordered pairs belongs to R:
Set-builder form In this form, we represent the relation R from set A to set B as R = {(a, b) : a ∈ A, b ∈ B} and the
rule which relate the elements of A and B}.
 Arrow diagram To represent a relation by an arrow diagram, we draw arrows from first element to second element of all
ordered pairs belonging to relation R:
Based on the above topics, answer the following questions.
1. Expression of R = {(a, b) : 2a + b = 5; a, b ∈ W} as the set of ordered pairs (in roster form) is:
1. R = {(5, 0), (3, 1), (1, 2)}
2. R = {(0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 2)}
3. R = {(0, 5), (1, 3), (2, 1)}
4. None of the above
2. The relation between sets P andQ given by an arrow diagram in roster form will be:

1. R = {(9, 3), (9, -3), (4, 2), (4, -2), (25, 5), (25, -5)}
2. R = {(9, 3), (4, 2), (25, 5)}
3. R = {(9, -3), (4, -2), (25, -5)}
4. None of the above
3. The relation given in (ii) can be written in set-builder form as:
1. R = {(x, y) : x ∈ p, y ∈ Q and x is the square of y}
2. R = {(x, y) : x ∈ p, y ∈ Q and y is the square of y}
3. R = {(x, y) : x ∈ p, y ∈ Q and x = ± y}
4. None of the above
4. If A = {a, b} and B = {2, 3}, then the number of relations from A to B is:
1. 4
2. 8
3. 6
4. 16
5. If n (A ) = 3 and B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8}, then the number of relations from A to B is:
1. 23
2. 26
3. 218
4. 29

Ans: 1. (c) R = {(0, 5), (1, 3), (2, 1)}

3. (a) R = {(9, 3), (9, -3), (4, 2), (4, -2), (25, 5), (25, -5)}
3. (a) R = {(x, y) : x ∈ p, y ∈ Q and x is the square of y}
4. (d) 16
5. (c) 218
Subjective

Q7. In how many ways can the letters of the word "INTERMEDIATE" be arranged so that:
1. The vowels always occupy even places?
2. The relative order of vowels and consonants do not alter?

Ans: INTERMEDIATE
I = 2 times, T = 2 times, E = 3 times, N, R, M, D, A
Number of letters = 12
1. There are 6 vowels. They ocuepy even places 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th. After there six there are six places and
5 letters, T is 2 times. So, number of ways for consonants = 6!

2!

The total number of ways when vowels ocuepy even places

6! 6!
= ×
2! 2! 3!
6×5×4×3×2×6×5×4×3×2
=
2×2×3×2

= 21600

Required number of ways= 21600

2. Number of ways such that relative order of vowels and consonants do not alter
​=
6! 6!
×
2! 2! 3!

= 21600
 Required number of ways= 21600

Q8. Find the number of:

1. Diagonals.
2. Triangles formed in a decagon.

Ans: We have,
A decagon has 10 sides
By joining any two angular points
We get a line which is either a side or a diagonal
Number of line,
10 10!
⇒ C2 =
2!8!
10×9
= = 45
2

Number of sides = 10
Number of diagonals = 45 - 10 = 35
Also, by joining 3 angular points a triangle in formed
10
= C3
10! 10×9×8 720
= = =
3!7! 3×2 6

= 102

Q9. A bag contains 5 black and 6 red balls. Determine the number of ways in which 2 black and 3 red balls can be selected.

Ans: We have,
Bag contains 5 black and 6 red balls.
Number of ways to select 2 black balls out of 5 black and 3 red balls out of 6 red balls.
5 6
= C2 × C3
5×4 6×5×4
= ×
2 3×2

= 200

Q10. Determine the number of 5 card combination out of a deck of if there is one ace in each combination.

Ans: We have,
Out of 52 cards 4 are ace and 48 are Non-ace.
Number of ways to select 5 cards with exacly one ace.
= (1 Non-ace out of 4 ace) and (4 Non-ace out of 48 Non-ace)
4 48
= C1 × C4
48×47×46×45
= 4 ×
4×3×2×1

= 778320

Q11. A sports team of 11 students is to be constituted, choosing at least 5 from class XI and at least 5 from class XII. If there
are 20 students in each of these classes in how many ways can the teams be constituted?

Ans: Total number of student is XI = 20

Total number of student is XII = 20
Total number of student to be selected is C team = 11
20 20 20 20
C5 × C6 + C6 × C5

20 20
= 2( C6 × C5 )

20! 20!
= 2( × )
6!14! 5!15!

2×20×19×18×17×16×15×20×19×18×17×16
=
6×5×4×3×2×5×4×3×2×1

= 19 × 17 × 16 × 15 × 2 × 19 × 3 × 17 × 8

= 1201870080

Q12. Find the number of positive integers greater than 6000 and less than 7000 which are divisible by 5, provided that no
digit is to be repeated.

Ans: We have to form 4-digit numbers which are greater than 6000 and less than 7000.
We know that a number is divisible by 5, if at the unit place of the number there is 0 or 5.
So, unit digit can be filled in 2 ways.
The thousandth place can be filled by ‘6’ only.
 The hundredth place and tenth place can be filled together in 8 × 7 = 56 ways. So, total number of ways = 56 × 2 = 112

Q13. How many different words can be formed from the letters of the word 'GANESHPURI'? In how many of these words:
1. The letter G always occupies the first place?
2. The letters P and I respectively occupy first and last place?
3. The vowels are always together?
4. The vowels always occupy even places?

Ans: There are 10 letters in the word 'GANESHPURI'. The total number of words formed is equal to 10P10 = 10!
1. If we fix up G in the begining, then the remaining 9 letters can be arranged in 9P9 = 9! ways
2. If we fix up P in the begining and I at the end, begining 8 letters can be arranged in 8P8 = 8!.
3. There are 4 vowels and 6 consonants in the word 'GANESHPURI'.
Considening 4 vowels as one letter,
We have 7 letters which can be arranged in 7P7 = 7! ways.
A, E, U, I can be put together in 4! ways.
Hence, required number of words = 7! × 4!.
4. We have to arrange 10 letters in a row such that vowels occupy even places. There are 5 even places (2, 4, 6, 8, 10).
4 vowels can be arranged in these 5 even places in 5p4 ways.
Remaining 5 odd places (1, 3 , 5, 7, 9) are to be occupied by the 6 consonants.
This can be done in 6C5 ways.
Hence, the total number of words in which vowels occupy even places = P × P 5
4
6
5

5! 6!
= ×
(5−4)! (6−1)!

= 5! × 6!

Q14. How many permutations can be formed by the letters of the word, 'VOWELS', when.
1. There is no restriction on letters?
2. Each word begins with E?
3. Each word begins with O and ends with L?
4. All vowels come together?
5. All consonants come together?

Ans: 1. There are 6 letters in the word 'VOWELS'. The total number of words formed with these 6 letters is the number of
arrangements of 6 items, taken all at a time, which is equal to 6P6 = 6! = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 720
2. If we fix up E in the begining then the remaining 5 letters can be arranged in 5P5 = 5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120 ways
3. If we fix up O in the begining and Lat the end, the remaining 4 letters can be arranged in 4P4 = 4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 =
24.
4. There are 2 vowels and 4 consonants in the word 'VOWELS'.
Considering 2 vowels as one letter, we have letters which can be arranged in 5p5 = 5! ways. O, E can be put together in
2! ways.
Hence, required number of words = 5! x 2!
=5×4×3×2×1×2×1
= 120 × 2
= 240
5. There are 2 vowels and 4 consonants in the word 'VOWELS'.
​Considering 4 consonants as one letter, we have 3 letters which can be arranged in 3P3 = 3! ways.
U, W, L, Scan be put together in 4! ways.
Hence, required number of words in which all consonants come together = 3! x 4!
=3×2×4×3×2
= 144.

Q15. If n+2
C8 :
n-2
C4 , = 57 : 16, Find n.

Ans: We have,
n+2!

8!(n-6)!
57
⇒ =
(n-2)!
16
(n-6)!

(n+2)(n+1)(n)(n-1)(n−2) 57
⇒ =
8!(n−2)! 16

Cancelling (n - 2) from number and denominator

57×7×6×5×4×3×1×16
⇒ (n + 2)(n + 1)(n)(n − 1) =
16

⇒ (n+2)(n + 1)(n)(n − 1) = 21 × 20 × 19 × 18
 Comparing both sides,
n = 19

Q16. A committee of 7 has to be formed from 9 boys and 4 girls. In how many ways can this be done when the committee
consists of:
1. exactly 3 girls?
2. atleast 3 girls?
3. atmost 3 girls?

Ans: A committee of 7 has to be formed from 9 boys and 4 girls.

1. Since exactly 3 girls are to be there in every committee, each committee must consist of (7 – 3) = 4 boys only.
Thus, in this case, required number of ways = C × C = ×
4
3
9
4
4!

3!1!
9!

4!5!
9×8×7×6×5!
= 4 ×
4×3×2×1×5!

= 504

2. Since at least 3 girls are to be there in every committee, the committee can consist of
(a) 3 girls and 4 boys or (b) 4 girls and 3 boys
3 girls and 4 boys can be selected in 4C3 × 9C4 ways.
4 girls and 3 boys can be selected in 4C4 × 9C3 ways.
Therefore, in this case, required number of ways = 4C3 × 9C4 + 4C4 × 9C3
= 504 + 84 = 588
3. Since at most 3 girls are to be there in every committee, the committee can consist of
1. 3 girls and 4 boys
2. 2 girls and 5 boys
3. 1 girl and 6 boys
4. No girl and 7 boys
3 girls and 4 boys can be selected in 4C3 × 9C4 ways.
2 girls and 5 boys can be selected in 4C2 × 9C5 ways.
1 girl and 6 boys can be selected in 4C1 × 9C6 ways.
No girl and 7 boys can be selected in 4C0 × 9C7 ways.
Therefore, in this case, required number of ways
4 9 4 9 4 9 4 9
= C3 × C4 + C2 × C5 + C1 × C6 + C0 × C7
4! 9! 4! 9! 4! 9! 4! 9!
= × + × + × + ×
3!1! 4!5! 2!2! 5!4! 1!3! 6!3! 0!4! 7!2!

= 504 + 756 + 336 + 36

= 1632

Q17. Match each item given under the column C1 to its correct answer given under the column C2.
Using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, a number of 4 different digits is formed. Find
C1 C2
(a) how many numbers are formed. (i) 840
(b) how many numbers are exactly divisible by 2. (ii) 200
(c) how many numbers are exactly divisible by 25. (iii) 360
(d) how many of these are exactly divisble by 4. (iv) 40

Ans: C1 C2
(a) how many numbers are formed. (i) 840
(b) how many numbers are exactly divisible by 2. (iii) 360
(c) how many numbers are exactly divisible by 25. (iv) 40
(d) how many of these are exactly divisble by 4. (ii) 200

Explanation:
1. Total of 4 digit number formed with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 = 7
P4 =
7!

(7−4)!
=
7×6×5×4×3!

3!
= 840

2. When anumber is divisible by 2 = 4 × 5 × 6 × 3 = 360

3. Total number which are divisible by 25 = 40
4. Total number which are divisible by 4 (last two digits is divisible by 4) = 200

Q18. Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
CONSTANTINOPLE.
Ans: There are 14 letters in the word 'CONSTANTINOPLE' out of which 2 are O's, 3 are N's, 2 are T's and the rest are all
distinct.
So, the total number of words
words = 14!

2! 3! 2!
14!
=
2×3×2×2
14!
=
24

Q19. Find the number of combinations and permutations of 4 letters taken from the word 'EXAMINATION'.

Ans: The word EXAMINATION has letter where A, I, N repeat twice.

The total number of letter = 11
The number of ways of selecting 4 letters.
11 11! 11×10×9×8
⇒ C4 = =
4!7! 4×3×2

= 330

The number of arranging of selecting 4 letters.

1. All different = C × 4! = C =
8
4
8
4
8!

4!

= 8 × 7 × 6 × 5

= 56 × 30

= 1680

2. 2 distinct and 2 alike = 3 7 3×7×6

C1 × C2 =
2
4!
= 63 ×
2!

= 378

3. 2 alike of one and 2 distinct letter = 3 4!

C2 ×
2!2!

= 3 × 6 = 18

3. 3 alike of one and 2 distinct letter = 3

C1 ×
7
C2 =
3×7×6

= 378

Total number of ways in which 4 letter are formes = 1680 + 378 + 18 + 378
= 2454 ways

Q20. How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 assuming that,
1. repetition of the digits is allowed?
2. repetition of the digits is not allowed?

Ans: 1. In first case, repetition of digits is allowed.

Therefore, the units place can be filled in by any of the given five digits.
Similarly, tens and hundreds digits can be filled in by any of the given five digits.
Thus, by the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed from the given
digits is
5 × 5 × 5 = 125
2. In this case, repetition of digits is not allowed.
Here, if units place is filled in first, then it can be filled by any of the given five digits.
Therefore, the number of ways of filling the unit’s place of the three-digit number is 5.
Then, the tens place can be filled with any of the remaining four digits and the hundreds place can be filled with any
of the remaining three digits.
Thus, by the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed without
repeating the given digits is
5 × 4 × 3 = 60.
We will learn in later part of chapter on how to solve these problem with the help of permutation formula,
5
P3 = 5!/(5 − 3)! = 60