BLOOD AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION

UNIVERSITY OF AL FARAHIDI
ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUE DEPARTMENT
DR.AHMED AL HILLI
BENEFITS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION

• Enhanced Oxygen Carrying Capacity L

-

• Volume Support Of Cardiac Output

-

• Improved Homeostasis With Blood Component Therapy

INDICATION OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION
1) Severe Blood Loss: Trauma, GIT Bleeding
2) Following Severe Burn → RBC Hemolysis.
3) During Major Surgery That Associated With Severe Blood Loss.
4) Anemic Patient (Severe).
5) Thrombocytopenia.
6) Bleeding Due To Clotting Factor Deficiency Or Dysfunction E.G.
Haemophilia And Liver Disease
BLOOD TYPES
1.Whole Blood :- 20 ml/kg
2.Fersh Whole Blood Stored In Heparin For 24hrs. (20ml/Kg)
3.PACKED RED BLOOD CELLS . Total Volume Of 300 Ml.For 42days (10ml/kg)
4.Fresh Frozen Plasma :- Separated Immediately From RBC
• It Is 200-250 Ml
• 15 ml/kg
• Before Using: ➢Thawed In A Water Bath To 30-37 C
• FFP Must Be ABO Compatible But Rh+ Plasma Can Be Given To Rh-
Recipients
• 5.Cryoprecipitate :Results From Thawing Of Unit Of Fresh Frozen Plasma At
4° C.
• Neonates :- 2 ml/kg
• Adult :- 15-20 ml / 7 kg
• 6.Platelet concentrate:
• The Platelets Are Separated From The Plasma By Centrifugation.
• Platelets Are Supplied Either As Single Donor Units Or As Multiple Donors.
It Is 50-70 Ml
• Platelet Single Donor Or Multiple Donor
• Single Increase Up To 4,000
• Multiple Donor Increases 10,000 Up To 40,000
MASSIVE BLOOD TRANSFUSION
1. Transfusion Of Half Of Blood Volume Within 3 Hr (I.E. For Adult ~ 5
Units = 2.5 L).
2. Transfusion Of An Amount Equals To Or More Than One Blood
Volume Within 24 Hr.
3. Transfusion Of Blood In A Rate Of 150 Ml/Min
COMPLICATIONS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION
1. Coagulopathy
&
2. Metabolic Acidosis
3. Fluid Overload *
4. Hyper K+ ↳ Y Per Kalemia ⑭
5. Hypo Ca+2 Hypoglycemia
6. Thrombosis
7. Air Embolism
8. Hypothermia
9. High O2 Affinity Hb
10. Infection: HIV, CMV, Hepatitis, Malaria, And Syphilis