PS Protection and CB - Eeng 6046 List of questions for the preparation of the final exam January 2018

Bahir Dar University Institute of Technology

Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Postgraduate studies in Power System Engineering-2nd year

List of questions/topics which are to be focused!

1. Explain briefly the basic principle operation of switch gear components in the power system, (use fig.1.).

a) b) c)
Fig.1.a, b, c

2. Give a deep technical description of:

a) Air break switchgear
b) Vacuum circuit breakers and contactors
c) SF6 circuit breakers and
d) Oil Breakers
3. For the protection of a delta/star power transformers, the CTs on delta side must be connected in
............ and those on the star side in ............ why it’s so?
4. How will you protect an alternator from turn-to-turn fault on the same phase winding?
5. What is the difference between an over current relay and current differential relay?
6. Why are differential relays more sensitive than over current relays?
7. Write short notes on the following:

(i) Resistance switching

(ii) Circuit breaker ratings
(iii) Circuit interruption problems

8. Reason out the following statements technically, why and/or arguments are quite acceptable?

a) The basic system used for protection against winding and connection faults in generators or power transformers is the
differential relay scheme because the differential nature of measurements makes this system much more sensitive
than other protective systems.

b) If the relay is very sensitive, then the small differential current flowing through the relay may cause it to operate even
under no fault conditions.

c) The consequences of even a rare fault may be very serious unless the transformer is quickly disconnected from the
system.

d) If a fault occurs on a bus bar, a considerable damage and disruption of supply will occur unless some form of quick-
acting automatic protection is provided to isolate the faulty bus bar.

e) The probability of faults occurring on the lines is much more due to their greater length and exposure to atmospheric
conditions.

Postgraduate studies in Power System Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering- BDU
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 PS Protection and CB - Eeng 6046 List of questions for the preparation of the final exam January 2018

9. What is the difference between an over current relay and current differential relay?

10. What are the principal relays and systems used for transformer protection?

11. Explain the Primary and Backup Protection configuration in the context of transmission line protection.

12. State and describe the fundamental requirements of Protective Relaying.

13. Having the following three line protection diagram,(fig.1.), connect a necessary protective relay termination for:

a) Maximum fault Current protection of the transformer. And

b) Current differential relay protection separately.

Fig.2. Power transformer connected with a bas bar arrangement.

14. Describe the sub divisions of the following single line diagram and
15. How many probable relay protections are required in the zones 1,2,3,4 and 5 at the figure below,(fig.2.)

Postgraduate studies in Power System Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering- BDU
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 PS Protection and CB - Eeng 6046 List of questions for the preparation of the final exam January 2018

Fig.3.

16. An over current relay connected to operate as a differential relay to protect almost all major equipment’s and apparatus.

Explain the protective relay operating mechanism of the following connections and why their operating currents are
different, (Fig.3 a,b,c,) and operating principle of the Buchholz relays having ratings in excess of 750 kVA ,(Fig.3 d ) :

a) b) c)

Fig.3 a,b,c,

d)

Good Luck!!!

Postgraduate studies in Power System Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering- BDU
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