Ground Engaging Tools (GET)

Improving performance and reducing cost

Surface Extraction Mining
Jon Van Order
September 10, 2013
 About GET

 Foundry Operating since 2000

Caterpillar Ramos Arizpe (CRA)  71,209 sq.ft.

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 CRA Products

• Tips
• Adapters
• Edge segments
• Edge protectors
• Ripper protectors
• End bits
• Side cutters

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 Review: Caterpillar’s Ground
Engaging Tools (GET) are designed
to perform as sacrificial iron which:

1. Increase machine‟s productivity by

matching GET products to a machine
and its application(s).

2. Protect structural or more expensive

machine components from wear.

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Bucket
Design

Bucket Structure
Cat Buckets
Shell • Designed for the Machine - optimize performance.
• Application Specific Builds Available

Shell Tine Construction (GP and Rock Bucket)

• Bucket hinges - extend down under bucket
• Transmits cutting edge loads to reduce stress
• Increased strength
• Improved productivity

Higher Tensile Strength Steel

• For sidebars, side plates, shell and base edge
• Lighter weight bucket allows more payload

Side Plate Teeth & Bolt On Buckets Are Rebuildable

Edges
Side Bar

Base Edge

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Lip / Edge System
Wheel Loader
988 to 994

Butterbead Base Edge Assembly

“Butter bead weld prep” is the application of a layer of weld to a heat treated, higher hardness part which makes it possible to
weld a base edge to a bucket, without pre-heating the hardened part.

Feature Function Benefit

Weld prep Eliminates need for pre-heat Reduces installation time of edge (~30-50%)
Reduces breakage compared to non-preheating
Butterbead Allows for good penetration of weld
without butterbead

Butter bead is
applied to rear
edge & top strap
of corner
adapters for Butterbead welds.jpg

base edge
assemblies.

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Tooth & Adapter
Terms

Tooth Selection Guide

3 Simple Guidelines

1) Strength: 2) Penetration: 3) Wear Life:

The ability to The ability to The ability to
withstand digging penetrate tough withstand wearing,
and penetrating material, when it‟s scouring, and
shocks and high tightly compacted, abrasive action of
breakout forces rocky or frozen. the material being
handled.

The Cat definitions for degree of impact and abrasion are below.

Impact
Abrasion
(Material
(Tip Life)
Size)
Low 0 - 6” + 1000 Hours
7
250 -1000
Medium 6 -18”
Hours
High + 18” < 250 Hours

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Tooth & Adapter
Wheel Loader
988 to 994

K Series Tooth & Adapter System

Feature Function Benefit
Tip and adapter fit together
Reduces tip movement Significantly reduces adapter wear
precisely
One piece vertical retainer Hammerless installation and removal Reduced risk of injury
Common tools to change Reduced maintenance cost
Holds the tip in place during installation
Rails on both sides of adapter Twist-on design
Easier, quicker installation
Better penetration throughout tip life
Lower-profile shape Maintain sharpness as they wear Improved productivity
Less machine strain
Retainer latches
into the slot

Twist-on design

Lower-profile Tip

No hole in adapter

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Tooth & Adapter
Wheel Loader
988 to 994
K Series Adapters

• Good retention due to complete weld vs two-strap

• Provides flat bottom – used in scraping coal applications
• Higher profile can affect penetration
• Flush mount with cover protects adapter & welds in high abrasion applications
• Shown with optional cover
* Flush mount & Cover

• Lower profile than flushmount

Two-Strap
• Allows for more penetration and higher productivity

Bolt-On • Used on 988 for surge or stock piles

• Flexibility to use cutting edge or teeth

988 K110 Two Strap, Flushmount, Bolt on

988 990 K130 Two Strap, Flushmount with top cover
990 992 K150 Two Strap, Flushmount with top cover
992, 993, 994 K170 Two Strap

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Tooth & Adapter
Wheel Loader
988 to 994
CapSure™ Tooth and Adapter System

Feature Function Benefit

Used on J style adapters
Retrofit design Decreased operating costs
Pin is reusable
No special tool required Decreased maintenance costs
¾ inch retainer lock
Hammerless installation and removal Reduces risk of using a hammer
Prevents over-rotation
Positive stop is cast into tip Fast and easy tip change-outs
Turn 180° to lock or unlock
Tip and retainer are one system No special assembly or extra pieces Reduces installation time

Fits on J-style
Single retention
adapters
system

Locking system located

on the side of the tip

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Edge Protection
Wheel Loader
988 to 994

Half Arrow, Top Cover & Segments

Feature Function Benefit

Parts can be changed Change less parts if parts wear at different
Individual pieces protect edge
independently of one another rates
Half Arrow – Covers leading edge
Reduced wear to the leading edge Reduced maintenance intervals
for smooth material transition

Wear indicator holes Signals change-out time Helps plan maintenance- Reduces downtime

Top Cover Reduces wear on weld joints Increases uptime

Segment - reversible More leading edge wear material Reduces piece parts- Saves on inventory costs

Angle provides smooth transition of Segment

Top Cover material flow over the base edge to protect
the leading edge

Half Arrow
Great for moving re-handled materials with medium
impact, medium abrasion

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Edge Protection
Wheel Loader
988 to 994
CapSure Shrouds

Feature Function Benefit

Easier installation compared to
Single casting Reduced change-out time
two piece protection
Fast, easy removal and installation
CapSure System Hammerless
Reduces risk of injury
Helps plan maintenance
Wear indicator holes Signals change-out time
Reduces downtime
Pin lug Reusable Lower owning and operating cost

Two pin lugs placed into base

edge holes

Single casting shroud

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13 / Caterpillar Confidential: GREEN / WHEREVER THERE’S MINING
GET Mgmt Tools
Wheel Loader
988-994

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Paddle plate wear caused by:
1. Bucket level – “Return to Dig” set improper. Bottom tip wear indicates improper bucket
level, or, excessive ground contact.
2. Improper bucket curl. (Raise lift arm(s)
before curling)

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Excavator
Terms

Excavator
Front Linkage

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Excavator
Bucket

Profile

Bucket shape plays a role in performance, durability, and GET life.

• “Wide” bite width buckets increase the amount of steel to be forced into the soil
- Harder to penetrate
- Creates more stress on base edge, torque tube , boom and stick
• “Narrow” bite width buckets can be “deeper” and/or have longer tip radius
- Narrow buckets penetrate easier
- Requires more force to push material to back of the bucket
- “Deeper” buckets gain capacity, but can experience material hang-up and
bottom wear

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Excavator
Bucket

Extreme Duty (XD)

Applications: Very high

abrasion conditions including
high quartzite granite. SB
Protectors

Larger Wear
Plates

Heel
Shrouds
Segments
BEEPs
Radius Liner

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Excavator
SideBar Protection Shear Blocks
• Decrease sidebar protector movement & breakage
• Prevent pin load on sidebar protectors.

IRM PELJ1012

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Caterpillar offers over 120 cutting edge options!

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Motor Grader
Cutting Edges
Wear

Crowning: The cutting edges conform to the shape of the terrain.

• Use thin and narrow edge to limit amount of iron to be thrown out

Mushrooming: Occurs most often on curved edges.

To reduce mushrooming:
• Adjust the angle of the cutting edge to the work
surface
• Reduce the speed of the motor grader
• Reduce the hydraulic down pressure on the edge.

4"
2" 6" Edge
4"
Basic21GET Principles
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8" Edge
Motor Grader
Cutting Edges
Operator Technique

Blade angle affects wear pattern, rate of wear and penetration

– Start with moldboard 2” (4 “for 24H ) ahead of the edge (A)
– Fixed angle maintains constant edge thickness for longer life
– Laid back reduces penetration and can wear moldboard (B)
– Changing angle often wears the sharpened edge quickly, shortening life

Position cutting edge

900 to the road

B A

Basic22GET Principles
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Motor Grader
Edges Bit Systems Mining Bit System

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Edges & End Bits
Dozers
Dozer Cutting Edges and End Bits
D8 to D11 Installation Tips

1) Clean and Pristine

Surfaces, bolts/nut threads must be clean to assure maximum
clamping force
When installing, use new bolts and nuts as old bolts may have
suffered metal fatigue
2) Center Out
Cutting edge bolts are installed from the center outward– ← Center →
–do not install from both ends toward the center ↓
End bit bolts are installed first from the center outward,
then from the center inward

3) Torque, Bang, Torque

Tighten all bolts to the required torque
Wearing safety goggles, seat bolt heads in the countersinks
with a heavy hammer
Tighten the bolts again to required torque

Incorrect Bolt Torque - Holes oblong – End Bit loose / break

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Edges & End Bits
Dozers
D8 to D11

Dozer Cutting Edges and End Bits

Feature Function Benefit

Deep countersinks for plow bolts Ensures tight fit for GET
Each section can be switched, propellered
Edges in sections
or replaced individually
Long-lasting bolt protection
Reduces maintenance time
Maximizes wear life of each section
Easier installation

Balanced end bit - to - cutting edge ratio Minimizes throwaway Reduced inventory costs

Contoured end bit design matches the

Balances machine to push more material
cutting edge thickness in bolt-hole Reduces weight & material carry back
Increases production
area
Reduces maintenance
End bits with side extension Protects moldboard from side wear
Increases uptime

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Mold Board
Dozers
D10 - D11

100% worn

Remove 10mm
from side / below
mold board

Highest load point

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Mold Board
Dozers
D10 - D11

Dozer Cutting Edge Supports

Outside – U-Blade Outside – SU- Blade

Flatness tolerance = (+/- 2mm) – end to end

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Ripper
Dozers
D8 to D11

Ripper System Overview

Feature Function Benefit
One piece design which Increases strength at critical area and
Reduced downtime
eliminates weld joint allows for improved heel clearance
CapSure option available for Fast, easy removal and installation
Hammerless retention
the tip and shank protector Reduces risk of injury
Reduces wear and greatly extends
Shank protector Reduced maintenance
shank life
Achieve optimum efficiency and max
Single or multiple shank option Flexibly to match application
production
Resists damaging effects of high-tip
DH-3 Steel Maintains hardness to 800 degrees
temperatures
Adapter repair for nose and
Replace only worn portion Reduces repair costs
adapter

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Ripping Systems
Dozers
D8 to D11
Wear Life Centerline Ripper Tips
Impact
Penetration Short Centerline
•Used in extreme impact conditions
•Sacrifices some wear material

Intermediate Centerline

•Used for moderate impact and abrasion conditions

Long Centerline
•Designed for low impact, highly abrasive conditions where
breakage is not a problem
•Greatest wear material

Sharp Centerline ARM 29

•Intermediate Centerline tip which is tapered to a pick like point on the end
•ARM strip on one side to enhance a self sharpening action to the tip end
Basic GET Principles
•Low to moderate impact conditions
•Offers best penetration but the least wear material

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Ripping Systems
Dozers
D8 to D11 Rib Up!

Wear Life Penetration Ripper Tips

Impact
Penetration Short Penetration

•Used in extreme impact conditions

•Sacrifices some wear material

Intermediate Penetration

•Used for moderate impact and abrasion conditions

Long Penetration

•Low impact, highly abrasive conditions where breakage is

not a problem
•Greatest wear material

Sharp Limestone
•Used in limestone or caliche applications
•Knife sharp end will dramatically enhance initial penetration in
hard to penetrate materials
Basic GET Principles 30

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Ripper
Dozers
Cat Shank Protection
D8 to D11 Field Observations

Standard Sharp Extended

D8 and larger rippers should use Shank protectors
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Ripper
Dozers Ripping Techniques
D8 to D11
• Use proper shank height adjustment
– With ripper at depth, ripper frame should be parallel to ground
• Rip as deep as possible without excessive track slip
– Use deceleration to avoid track slip
• Lift ripper before turning or backing up
• Rip downhill whenever possible
• Plan ripping pattern
• Rip in 1st gear
– 1-1½ mph @ 2/3 throttle

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Wear Protection
CAT Laminated
Wear Products
Caterpillar Wear Products

Chocky Bars
• Four shapes

• “V-groove design can be bent around

a radius

• Able to separate or change length

Wear Buttons
Roll Bars
• Used in applications that
optimize the round profile • Protects leading edge of dozers, loaders,
mining shovels, etc
• Traps material to provide
material-on-material wear • Provides maximum wear protection while
minimizing drag

Bold Protector
• Protects hardware on items like cutting Wear Block • „Zig zag‟ inset design allows for material-on-
edges, top plates, sidebar protectors, etc.
material wear
• Allows material to pack to prevent wear on
• Prevents channel wear common in parallel
the hardware
groves
• Provides easier removal at time of GET
• Extended wear life in extreme operations
replacement

Basic33GET Principles
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Basic34GET Principles
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Wear Protection
Corner Shrouds

Feature Function Benefit

Versatility
3 Sizes (Straight & Curved) Machine and contour matched
Minimizes weight and bucket drag
~400 Bn Hardness surface Abrasive resistant Fewer maintenance intervals

– 10” Wide x 8” High (~65 lbs)

– UGM 2900LHD & Front
Shovels
– 7” Wide x 6” High (~30 lbs)
– 365 to 390 HEX & 988 to
994 WHL
– 5” Wide x 4” High (~10 lbs)
– 325 to 349 HEX & 966 to
980 WHL

Spacing 50% - 75% of shroud width

Basic35GET Principles
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Wear Protection
MAWPS

Mechanically Attached Wear Plate System

Feature Function Benefit
Compression Retainer Hammerless installation Can be changed in less than 2 minutes
Retention components located within the
Shielded from wear and load Eliminates risk of wear plates falling off
base plate
Versatility
Welds to any moderately flat surface Flexible to application
Reduces inventory
Wear indicator holes Quick and easy inspections Planned maintenance
Install perpendicular to material flow Rotate MAWPS 180 degrees Extended wear life-use both sides

Basic36GET Principles
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Wear Protection
MAWPS
MAWPS Applications

Flat or Dual Slope Body

Complete R&I – (3 - 4 hours)

Basic37GET Principles
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Wear Protection
MAWPS

Any doubts about the reliability of MAWPS?

150% worn & still attached!

Basic38GET Principles
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 Questions?

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 ®

© 2013 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, their respective logos,
“Caterpillar Yellow,” the “Power Edge” trade dress as well as corporate and product
identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.

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