UPSC Exam 2018 | List of Important Wars

and Treaties in Indian History

By Team LST -

Daily GK & Current Affairs Quiz PDF 17th May 2018

List of Important Wars and Treaties in Indian History

Important Wars and Treaties in Indian History. Wars and battles fought in India
have long influenced the country’s cultural and linguistic ethos. The main wars and
battles were fought between different dynasties, kingdoms and empires. There are some
Important Wars and Treaties in Indian History that can never lose significance. Questions
based on these Wars and Treaties in Indian History are widely asked in General
Awareness section of exams like UPSC, RPSC, SSC and other PCS & Railways Exams.

Today we are providing you a “List of Important Wars and Treaties in Indian
History”. Go through the list and enrich your knowledge of History. Besides, it can help
you score better in various competitive exams such as IAS/ PCS, Banking and SSC.

You should also see our previous articles of History here:-

Various dynasties during 10th century.

Delhi Sultanate

India in 18th Century

India with Decline of mughals

Sikhs and Marathas after Mughals

Deccan, Sufism and Mughal art & architecture

Literature and art during medieval times
So here is the compilation of important wars and treaties You must remember for exams

War Year Treaty Gov General Battles

Anglo
Marathas

Began: Treaty
of Surat
Warren Battle of
First 1775-82 End: Treaty of
Hastings Wadgaon
Salbai

Began: treaty of Lord

Second 1803-05 Battle of Assaye
Bassein Wellesley

Battle of Pindari
Treaty of Marquess of End of Peshwa
Third 1816-19
Gwalior Hastings rule

Anglo French

Reason:
1746: Battle of
Treaty of Aix-la- Austrian
First 1746-48 Adyar/San
Chepelle succession in
Thome
Europe

War of
succession
1749: Battle of
between
Ambur
Nasir Jung
(English) and
Second 1749-54
Muzaffar
Rise of Robert
Jung
Clive
(French)
after death
of Nizam

Reason: 7 1760: Battle of

Third 1758-63 Treaty of Paris years war in Wandiwash
Europe (French defeat)

Anglo Mysore

First 1766-69

After death of
Treaty of Warren Hyder Ali in
Second 1780-1784
Mangalore Hastings 1782 Tipu led
the war

Treaty of
Third 1789-92 Cornwallis Defeat of Tipu
Seringapatnam

Fourth 1799 Wellesley Battle of

Seringapatnam.
War Year Treaty Gov General Battles

Anglo
Marathas
Death of Tipu.

Anglo Sikh
War

First 1845-46 Treaty of Lahore Hardinge

Final
Second 1848-49 Dalhousie Subjugation of
the Sikhs
 List of Important Treaties in the History of India
Name of The
Importance/Remarks
Treaty Year

The treaty established the boundary between the Mughal

Treaty of Asurar
1639 empire and the Ahom kingdom ending the Mughal’s efforts
Ali
to conquer Ahom.

The Treaty of Purandar was signed in 1665 between the

Rajput ruler Jai Singh I, who was commander of the Mughal
Empire, and Maratha Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji
Treaty of was forced to sign the agreement after Jai Singh besieged
1665
Purandar Purandar fort. When Shivaji realised that war with the
Mughal Empire would only cause damage to the empire and
that his men would suffer heavy losses, he choose to make
a treaty.

Henceforth the maratha king became the mayor of the

Sangola
1752 place and the peshwa emerged as the real head of maratha
Agreement
federacy.

Signed between Siraj-ud-dwala and Robert Clive allowing

Treaty of
1757 the British to fortify Calcutta and also allow British goods to
Alinagar
pass through Bengal without duties.

The french were defeated by the british company and its

Treaty of Paris 1763 settlements were captured. The french possessions in india
were ,however restored by this treaty.

The Treaty of Allahabad was signed in 1765, between the

Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, son of the late Emperor
Alamgir II, and Lord Robert Clive, of the East India
Company, as a outcome of the Battle of Buxar of 1764. As
Treaty of per the terms of the agreement, Alam granted the East
1765
Allahabad India Company Diwani rights, or the right to collect taxes
on behalf of the Emperor from the eastern province of
Bengal-Bihar-Orissa. This Treaty marks the political and
constitutional involvement and the beginning of British rule
in India.

The Treaty of Madras was signed between the British and

Hyder Ali of Mysore to bring to and end the first Mysore
Treaty of Madras 1769 War. Under the treaty, both the parties agreed to return the
areas won the each and to support each other in case of a
thrid party invasion.

Between hastings and nawab of oudh. Allahabad was

Treaty of Benaras 1773
handed over to nawab.

On the death of shuja ud daula in 1775 , a new treaty was

Reaty of 1775 1775 concluded with his successor , according to which a regular
brigade of the company’s troops was stationed in oudh..

Treaty of Surat 1775 Signed by raghunath rao with the bombay governament in
the hope of help of english subsidiary troops in his flight for
 peshwaship

Treaty of Signed between the British and the Marathas bringing the
1776
Purandar first phase of the First Anglo-Maratha War to an end.

Treaty of Signed between the British and the Marathas bringing the
1779
Wadgaon second phase of the First Anglo-Maratha War to an end.

Signed between the British and the Marathas bringing the

Treaty of Salbai 1782
First Anglo-Maratha War to an end.

The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu

Sultan and the British East India Company on 11 March
1784. It was signed in Mangalore and brought an end to
Treaty of the Second Anglo-Mysore War.
1784
Mangalore Lord macartney ,governor of madras ,concluded with tipu
the treaty of mangalore on the basis of mutual restriction
of conquests and liberation of prisoners.

Signed between the British (Lord Cornwallis), the Marathas,

Hyderabad and Tipu Sultan. This ended the Third Anglo-
Treaty of
1792 Mysore War allowing the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad
Seringapatam
and the British to annex almost half of Tipu Sultan’s
territories.

Signed by baji rao II with the english after his defeat at

Treaty of Bassein 1802
the hands of holkar.

Treaty of
1805 Holkar gave up claims on the areas of company’s allies.
Deogaon

Between ranjith singh and the english company , which

Treaty of
1809 fixed the river sutlej as the boundary of ranjith singh’s
Amritsar
authority.

After the english victory over nepal , the treaty was signed
. The nepal ruler gave up his claims to sikkim , ceded the
Treaty of Sagauli 1816
disputed tarai tracts , and received a resident at
khatmandu .

Treaty of Great britain agreed to help iran with men and money
1826
Yandaboo against any european invader .

Signed between Governor General Air Henry Hardinge for

the British and members of Lahore darbar representing the
Treaty of Lahore 1846
young Maharaja Duleep Singh Bahadur. The treaty marked
the end of the First Anglo-Sikh War.

The Treaty of Amritsar followed the Treaty of Lahore. By

Treaty of this treaty the British East India Company sold Kashmir to
1846
Amritsar Maharaja Gulab Singh, whose dynasty ruled till 1947, when
Maharaja Hari Singh acceded Kashmir to India.

By this treaty , rani jindan was deprived of all powers and

Treaty of the administration was to be carried on by a ‘ council of
1846
Bhirowal regency ‘ composed of eight leading chiefs under the virtual
dictatorship of the british resident .
 List of Important Wars and Battles in Indian History
Name of Battle
S.N. Year Won by Significance
the Battle between

Impressed by the
Alaxender
Battle of 326 Alaxender and bravery of Porus, he
1 defeated king
Hydaspas B.C. Porus allowed to retian the
Porus
kingship of Porus

It was the bloodiest

war of human history
and lakhs were killed
Ashoka and from either sides.
Kalinga 261
2 Raja Anant Ashoka Ashoka filled with
War B.C.
Padmanabhan remorse and took
pledge of non
violence and adopted
Buddhism

This is called the first

war of Hindu Rajput
Prithviraj
king and Muslim
First Battle 1191 Chauhan and Prithviraj
3 invader. This war
of Tarain A.D. Muhammad defeated Ghori
took place near
Ghori
Tarain, Thanesar distt
of Haryana

Muhammad
Second Ghori defeats Establishment of an
1192 Ghori and
4 Battle of Prithviraj Islamic empire in
A.D. Prithviraj
Tarain Chauhan India
Chauhan

Muhammad Ghori defeats

Battle of 1194
5 Ghori and Jaichandra of
Chhandwar A.D.
Jaychand Kannauj

Ghori was killed

Battle of
1206 Gakkhar and by Gakkhar
6 Gakkhar
A.D. Md Ghori tribes in this
and Ghori
attack

Canons, Gunpowder
and artilery was used
by Babur which was
the first time ever
use of these in Indian
First Battle 1526 Babur and Babar defeats subcontinent.
7
of Panipat A.D. Ibrahim Lodi Ibrahim Lodhi Ibrahim Lodi was
killed in the field and
this war paved the
foundation of strong
Mughal Empire in
India

8 Battle of 1527 Babur and Babar defeats Babur assumed title

 Name of Battle
S.N. Year Won by Significance
the Battle between
Khanwa A.D. Rana Sanga Rana Sanga of Ghazi after this
battle,The alliance of
Rana Sanga although
outnumbered that of
Babur, still Sanga
was defeated and the
alliance dispersed.
Rana Sanga escapes
to Chittor

Battle of 1528 Babur and Babar defeats

9
Chanderi A.D. Medini Rai Medini Rai

This was the third

major battle of Babur
after which control of
Mughal Empire over
India was secured
and fully established.
Mahmud Lodi who
was the brother of
Ibrahim Lodi
Babur and
Battle of 1529 Babar defeats declared himself the
10 Sultan
Ghaghara A.D. the Afghans sultan of Delhi with
Mahmud Lodi
the support of Nusrat
shah of Bengal,
Jalaluddin Lohani,
Sher Shah Suri ,
Rajputs and Afghans.
Babur emerged
victorious and
consolidated his
control.

Sher Shah became

Sher Shah Sher Shah Suri
Battle of 1539 emperor of India
11 Suri and defeats
Chausa A.D. thus breaking the
Humayun Humayun
Mughal rule in India

Battle of Sher Shah Suri

इSher Shah
Kannauj 1540 defeats
12 Suri and
(or A.D. Humayun for the
Humayun
Bilgram) second time.

Bairam Khan
Second Ended afghan
1556 Akbar and (representing
13 Battle of rule,strengthened
A.D. Hemu Akbar) defeats
Panipat mughal rule
Hemu

14 Battle of 1565 Deccan Deccan Destroyed Hindu

Talikota A.D. Sultanates Sultanates kingdom of the
and defeated the Deccan,sealed the
 Name of Battle
S.N. Year Won by Significance
the Battle between
(or Vijayanagar glorious fortunes of
Banihatti) Empire Vijayanagar Vijayanagar empire
empire

Maharana Rana Pratap fought

Undecisive battle
Pratap & gallantly and took
between Raja
Mughal refuge in a remote
Battle of 1576 Man Singh of
15 Emperor fortress.This battle is
Haldighati A.D. Mughal Army
Akbar, who the shortest battle of
and Rana Pratap
was led by Indian history and
of Mewar
Man Singh lasted only 4 hours.

Aurangzeb &
Battle of 1659 Imperial Aurangzeb captured
16 Aurangzeb
Samugarh A.D. forces led by the Mughal throne
Dara

Siraj-ud-
daulah with
British defeated Fought at Plassey.
French &
Siraj-ud-duala The British empire
Battle of 1757 British East
17 the Nawab of became masters of
Plassey A.D. India
Bengal with the Bengal, foundation of
Company
help of Mir Zafar. British rule
under Robert
Clive

Gave a setback to
marathas in the
Third Ahmed Shah Ahmed Shah
1761 north; sealed destiny
18 Battle of Abdali and Abdali defeats
A.D. of Mughal empire
Panipat Marathas Marathas
and made British
entry easier

British defeated
the combined
British East
forces of Mir
India Co Vs
Qasim, Shuja-
Battle of 1764 alliance of Led to English
19 ud-duala (Nawab
Buxar A.D. Nawab of occupation of India
of Oudh) and
Bengal, Awadh
Shah Alam
and Mughals
II(Mughal
emperor).

The battles include

Hyder Ali
First Anglo 1767- Battle of Chengam,
(Mysore) Vs Hyder Ali defeats
20 Mysore 69 Battle of
British, English forces
War A.D. Tiruvannamalai,
Marathas
Siege of Ambur

21 Second 1780- Hyder Ali, Tipu Hyder Ali dies. Various battles in this
Anglo 84 Sultan Treaty of series of war includes
Mysore A.D. (Mysore) Vs Mangalore is Battle of Pollilur,
War British signed Battle of Porto Novo,
 Name of Battle
S.N. Year Won by Significance
the Battle between
Battle of Sholinghur,
Siege of Tellicherry,
Vellore, Cuddalore,
Mangalore.

The battles of this

war include Battle of
Nedumkotta, Battle
Tipu Sultan of Calicut, Battle of
Third Mysore
1789- defeated. Treaty Sittimungulum,
Anglo kingdom Vs
22 92 of Battle of Arakere,
Mysore British East
A.D. Serirangapatnam Capture of Hooly
War India Co.
is signed. Honroe, Capture of
Seringapatanam,
Capture of Shimoga
etc.

Mysore kingdom was

Fourth
Tipu Sultan is given back to
Anglo 1799 British Forces
23 defeated and Wodeyar dynasty
Mysore A.D. Vs Tipu Sultan
killed under subsidary
War
alliance.

Maratha
This war ended with
First Anglo 1766- Empire and
British defeated Treaty of Salbai
24 Maratha 69 British East
Marathas between Maratha and
War A.D. India
British
Company

Only in Battle of
Bharatpur, Marathas
Maratha
Second were able to defeat
1803- Empire and
Anglo Marathas lose to and repulse the
25 06 British East
Maratha the British British Forces four
A.D. India
War times when they
Company
attempted to capture
Bharatpur Fort.

Maratha
Third
1817- Empire and
Anglo Marathas lose to
26 19 British East Treaty of Mandasor
Maratha the British again
A.D. India
War
Company

British East Tripartite Treaty

First Anglo 1839-
India between Ranjit
27 Afghan 42 Afghans
Company and Singh, Shah Shuja &
War A.D.
Afghan Lord Auckland

Second British East

1868-
Anglo India British defeat Treaty of Peshawar,
28 80
Afghan Company and Afghan Treaty of Gandamak
A.D.
War Afghan
 Name of Battle
S.N. Year Won by Significance
the Battle between

Third British East Ended in an Artimice.

1919-
Anglo India Durand line
29 21 Afghans
Afghan Company and established.Treaty of
A.D.
War Afghan Rawalpindi

Sikh Empire &

1845-
First Anglo British East Sike lose to
30 46
Sikh War India British
A.D.
Company

Sikh Empire &

Second 1848- British East India
British East Sikh kingdom came
31 Anglo Sikh 49 Company
India under the British
War A.D. defeated Sikhs
Company

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